Tense morphology in German agrammatism

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Marusch ◽  
Titus von der Malsburg ◽  
Roelien Bastiaanse ◽  
Frank Burchert
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agrammatic Aphasia ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
Irregular Verbs

This study investigates tense morphology in agrammatic aphasia and the predictions of two accounts on processing of regular and irregular verbs: the Dual Mechanism model, that is, for aphasic data, the Declarative/Procedural model, and the Single Mechanism approach. The production of regular, irregular and mixed verbs in the present, simple past and past participle (present perfect) was tested in German by means of a sentence completion task with a group of seven speakers with agrammatic aphasia. The results show a difference between regular verbs and irregular verbs. Mixed verbs were equally difficult as irregular verbs. A frequency effect was found for irregular verbs but not for regular and mixed verbs. A significant difference among the correctness scores for present tense and simple past forms was found. Simple past and past participle were significantly more difficult than present tense. Error types were characterized by pure infinitive responses and time reference errors. Neither of the above accounts is sufficient to explain these results. Correctness scores and error patterns for mixed verbs suggest that such minor lexical patterns can be useful in finding new evidence in the debate on morphological processing. The findings also highlight time reference as well as language specific characteristics need to be taken into consideration.

Verb morphology in speakers with agrammatic aphasia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Marusch ◽  
Lena Ann Jäger ◽  
Frank Burchert ◽  
Lyndsey Nickels
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Completion ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Assembly Model ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
Agrammatic Aphasia ◽  
Irregular Verbs ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Production Accuracy

Abstract This paper reports an investigation of the production of verb morphology in English speakers with agrammatic aphasia. Our main goal was to test four accounts of the processing of (ir-)regularity by quantifying regularity using affix type and the presence or absence of stem changes. Production accuracy of regular, mixed and two types of irregular past participles (irregular 1, irregular 2) was tested in English using a sentence completion task with a group of five speakers with agrammatic aphasia. The results showed significant effects on production accuracy of whether the verb required a stem change and of time reference frame but no effect of affix type: past participles that required stem changes (mixed and irregular 2 past participles) were more difficult to produce than past participles that did not change their stem (regular and irregular 1 past participles). Moreover, the production of present continuous forms was more accurate compared to past participle forms. These results suggest that a categorical conception of regular versus irregular is over-simplified, as accuracy was best predicted by stem change rather than by regularity. This is a finding most consistent with the Stem-based Assembly model. The results of this study have implications for the design and selection of stimuli in future experiments: Experimental stimuli need to be controlled for stem changes and affix type rather than assuming that irregular verbs are homogeneous.

Evaluation of endorphin content in the CSF of patients with trigeminal neuralgia before and after Gasserian ganglion thermocoagulation

1981 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Salar ◽  
Salvatore Mingrino ◽  
Marco Trabucchi ◽  
Angelo Bosio ◽  
Carlo Semenza
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gasserian Ganglion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The β-endorphin content in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was evaluated in 10 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia during medical treatment (with or without carbamazepine) and after selective thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. These values were compared with those obtained in a control group of seven patients without pain problems. No statistically significant difference was found between patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia and those without pain. Furthermore, neither pharmacological treatment nor surgery changed CSF endorphin values. It is concluded that there is no pathogenetic relationship between trigeminal neuralgia and endorphins.

scholarly journals Priming effects in the recognition of simple and complex words and pseudowords

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-222
Author(s):  
Miguel Lázaro ◽  
Víctor Illera ◽  
Javier Sainz
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Orthographic Processing ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
Intense Debate

AbstractWhether morphological processing of complex words occurs beyond orthographic processing is a matter of intense debate. In this study, morphological processing is examined by presenting complex words (brujería -> brujo –witchcraft -> witch), as well as simple (brujaña->brujo) and complex pseudowords (brujanza ->brujo), as primes in three masked lexical decision tasks. In the first experiment, the three experimental conditions facilitated word recognition in comparison to the control condition, but no differences emerged between them. Given the importance of the surface frequency effect observed, a second experiment was conducted. The results fully replicate those observed in the first one, but this time with low frequency targets. In the third experiment, vowels were removed from the stems of primes to reduce the orthographic overlap between primes and targets and, therefore, the influence of the embedded stem effect. The results show facilitative effects only for complex words. However, paired comparisons show no differences between experimental conditions. The overall results show the central role played by the processing of stems in visual word recognition and are explained in terms of current models of morphological processing.

Priming Maltese plurals

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-97
Author(s):  
Jessica Nieder ◽  
Ruben van de Vijver ◽  
Holger Mitterer
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Broken Plurals

Abstract We investigate the storage and processing of sound and broken plural forms in the Maltese lexicon by means of a cross-modal priming study. The results show no significant differences in reaction time between sound and broken plurals, but indicate a different priming effect for sound than for broken plurals. We argue that the different priming effect is a result of the phonological overlap between sound singulars and their corresponding plurals forms, while broken singulars and their plurals do not share the same phonological structure. Our results support a single-mechanism model of morphological processing in which both frequency of pattern and morphophonological similarity interact.

Reading monomorphemic and compound words in Chinese

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Lei Cui ◽  
Tuomo Häikiö ◽  
Wenxin Zhang ◽  
Yuwei Zheng ◽  
Jukka Hyönä
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Word Type ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Word Frequency Effect ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Recognition Time ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Dual Route ◽  
Dual Route Model

Abstract Two lexical decision experiments were conducted to study the recognition of two-character Chinese monomorphemic and compound words by adult native Chinese readers. In Experiment 1, the words appeared non-spaced, whereas in Experiment 2 a space was inserted between the two characters. An interaction between word type and spacing reflects a trend for spacing to slow down the recognition of monomorphemic words and speed up that of compound words. The word frequency effect was steeper for monomorphemic than compound words. The number of strokes in the first and the second character influenced the recognition time for compound words, but not for monomorphemic words. The results are interpreted in the light of the parallel dual route model of morphological processing. The holistic route is more prevalent in recognizing Chinese monomorphemic, while the morphological decomposition route is more prevalent in processing Chinese compound words.

scholarly journals APLIKASI KAMUS IRREGULAR VERBS BERBASIS ANDROID

Infotekmesin ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Dang Anom ◽  
Danuri Danuri ◽  
Jaroji Jaroji
Keyword(s):  
Past Tense ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Java Programming ◽  
Unified Modelling Language ◽  
System Use ◽  
Irregular Verbs ◽  
Sqlite Database ◽  
Mobile Base ◽  
Learning English

Irregular is verbs on English do not add with ed or d but change agree with rule. To listen andcomprehend only memorize from verb base make past tense and past participle. Because this resultmany people so think difficult in learning English specially of irregular verbs. Aim of this research is to make application dictionary irregular verbs base android to make support in listen English specially irregular verbs. Scheme of system use Unified Modelling Language, java programming and sqlite database. This research produce a application dictionary irregular verbs to use device mobile base android

Inflection and Derivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-261
Author(s):  
Andrew Spencer
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Double Object ◽  
Completely Regular ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Irregular Verbs ◽  
Categorial Status

The chapter presents an overview of phenomena which pose important problems of description and analysis. I focus on the inflectional system, which has undergone severe attrition and shows idiosyncrasies typical of such systems. For nominals I describe the personal pronoun paradigm and the ‘possessive -s’ clitic/phrasal affix. The controversial categorial status of adverbs in -ly is discussed, while for verbs, all the subcategories prove to be highly problematical. For instance, only 50 irregular verbs distinguish past tense from past participle (e.g. wrote/written), so it is not even clear whether the past participle category is a highly restricted subcategory, with the vast majority of verbs showing past tense/past participle syncretism, or whether this is a case of ‘overdifferentiation’, like the forms am, are, were of the verb BE. On the other hand, the polyfunctionality of the completely regular -ing suffix, which derives verb, noun, and adjective forms, also poses serious unresolved problems. Auxiliary verbs and related phenomena alternate between periphrastic, clitic, and genuinely morphological (affixal) constructions. The chapter concludes with consideration of those aspects of derivational morphology which seem to be indisputably productive, hence part of the grammar, including (certain types of) event nominalization, some cases of double object alternation, and morphosemantic mismatches of the kind electrical engineering ⇒ electrical engineer.

The development of regular and irregular verb inflection in Spanish child language

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARALD CLAHSEN ◽  
FRAIBET AVELEDO ◽  
IGGY ROCA
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Irregular Verbs ◽  
Verb Inflections ◽  
Dual Mechanism ◽  
Age Range

We present morphological analyses of verb inflections produced by 15 Spanish-speaking children (age range: 1;7 to 4;7) taken from longitudinal and cross-sectional samples of spontaneous speech and narratives. Our main observation is the existence of a dissociation between regular and irregular processes in the distribution of errors: regular suffixes and unmarked (non-alternating) stems are over-extended to irregulars in children's inflection errors, but not vice versa. We also found that overregularization errors at all ages are only a small minority of the children's irregular verbs, that the period of overregularization is preceded by a stage without errors, and that the onset of overregularizations is connected to the emergence of obligatory finiteness markings. These findings are explained in terms of the dual-mechanism model of inflection.

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