Chapter 7. Using on-line processing methods in language acquisition research

2010 ◽  
pp. 139-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Marinis
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
On Line

Chat-Line interaction and negative feedback

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Iwasaki ◽  
Rhonda Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
On Line

In recent years researchers have investigated the use of Internet applications for language and cultural learning. While this new technology seems to have provided an educational breakthrough, relatively little linguistic research has been conducted particularly in relation to second language acquisition. Therefore the efficacy of the Internet applications not just for cultural studies or the expansion of knowledge, but also for second/foreign language acquisition remains uncertain. This study explores communicative interactions between native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) of Japanese. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) was chosen as the setting for this study, because of the resemblance of chat line interactions to verbal exchanges. The linguistic focus in this study was specifically on one form of corrective feedback, namely implicit negative feedback (NF), which provides information to language learners about what is unacceptable in target language (e.g. Long, 1996). It has been claimed that NF plays an important facilitative role in language development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether NSs provide NF to their NNS interlocutors in interactions during chat line conversations, and whether the NNS’s used this feedback in their subsequent production. The participants were NNSs and NSs of Japanese, formed into 12 gender-matched dyads. Each pair had free on-line “conversation” in three separate sessions. The results show that the proportion of NSs’ NF to the number of NNSs’ non-target-like turns was . lower than that found in the previous studies based on face to face verbal interactions. Even so NF was provided, and it was used – however it remains unclear as to whether or not on-line interactions elicit sufficient NF for acquisition to occur.

The cognitive status of metalinguistic knowledge in speakers of one or more languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Michael Sharwood Smith
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
Metalinguistic Knowledge

AbstractThe term ‘metalinguistic’ is used to define the kind of ability whereby people for various purposes view language as an object. It is strongly associated with consciousness and touches on many aspects of literacy, multilingualism and language acquisition. Discussions in the research literature have generally been on specific aspects of metalinguistic knowledge: the time is ripe for a more fundamental reassessment focusing on how exactly metalinguistic ability is represented and processed on line, and how it fits in with other kinds of representation and processing. To this end, a particular theoretical perspective that takes into account contemporary research in cognitive science, the Modular Cognition Framework, will be applied with the aim of supporting further empirical investigations into this area of language ability and locating it within an integrated approach to cognition in general. Finally, the usefulness of metalinguistic knowledge will be briefly considered.

scholarly journals Fatores determinantes de custo de processamento e suas implicações para a aquisição da linguagem (Factors affecting processing cost and their implications to language acquisition)

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Letícia Maria Sicuro Corrêa ◽  
Marina R. A. Augusto
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Line Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
On Line ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Formal Features

Fatores determinantes de custo de processamento são apontados, os quais incluem custo computacional, definido em função do modelo de computação on-line em Corrêa e Augusto (2007), e custo decorrente do processamento nas interfaces fônica e semântica. Suas implicações para a aquisição da linguagem são consideradas, no contexto de uma teoria procedimental de aquisição da língua (CORRÊA, 2006). Grau de visibilidade de distinções morfofonológicas na interface fônica, distinções conceptuais-intencionais relevantes na especificação de traços formais do léxico, mediante processamento na interface semântica, e peso da carga imposta à memória de trabalho na análise do material lingüístico são fatores especificamente discutidos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aquisição da Linguagem. Bootstrapping. Custo de Processamento. Minimalismo. ABSTRACT Factors affecting processing cost are presented, which include computational cost, defined in relation to an on-line model of syntactic computation (CORRÊA; AUGUSTO, 2007) and the cost derived from processing at the phonetic and semantic interfaces. Their implications to language acquisition are considered, in the light of a procedural theory of language acquisition (CORRÊA, 2006). The degree of visibility of morphophonological distinction at the phonetic interface, conceptual-intentional distinctions at the processing of the semantic interface, which contribute to the specification of formal features in the lexicon, and memory load are the factors discussed here.KEYWORDS: Language Acquisition. Boostrapping. Processing Cost. Minimalism.

Protection of Underground Gas Pipelines From the Third Party Damage by On-Line Monitoring Using Piezoelectric Accelerometer

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfan Cao ◽  
Jay-Young Nam ◽  
Jae-Boong Choi ◽  
Young-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Third Party

While it is difficult to detect target signals, on-line monitoring remains the most reliable method to protect underground pipelines from the third party damage. To distinguish signals from a variety of white noises during remote pipelines monitoring, it is necessary to filter signals from unanticipated noise and to find co-relation among signals. In this paper, an on-line monitoring system based on local area network (LAN) is developed not only to detect a damage occurrence but also to find its location along the pipelines. For this purpose, an acoustic wave propagation model is generated along the gas pipelines, and signals based on the model are compared with experimental data. In modeling the wave propagation, auto power spectral density (APSD) and cross power spectral density (CPSD) processing methods are applied to distinguish damage signals from noises. To locate the damage point on the pipelines, signals from three different piezoelectric accelerometers are monitored, and compared with those from the proposed model. From the experiments, the number of sensors should be determined in accordance with the attenuation coefficient of signal. Also, the proposed scheme which combines APSD and CPSD processing methods is proved to be powerful in practical applications.

Fatal mistake, awful mistake, or extreme mistake? Frequency effects on off-line/on-line collocational processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUHAD SONBUL
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Rating Task ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Total Reading Time ◽  
On Line ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

This study explored whether native speakers of English and non-natives are sensitive to corpus-derived frequency of synonymous adjective-noun collocations (e.g., fatal mistake, awful mistake, and extreme mistake) and whether level of proficiency can influence this sensitivity. Both off-line (typicality rating task) and on-line (eye-movement) measures were employed. Off-line results showed that both natives and non-natives were sensitive to collocational frequency with clearer effects for non-natives as their proficiency increased. On-line, however, proficiency had no effect on sensitivity to frequency; both natives and non-natives showed early sensitivity to collocational frequency (first pass reading time). This on-line sensitivity disappeared later in processing for both groups (total reading time and fixation count). Results are discussed in light of usage-based theories of language acquisition and processing.

How dynamic is second language acquisition?

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Karsten Steinhauer
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
On Line ◽  
Developmental Psycholinguistics

Clahsen and Felser (CF) present a thought-provoking article that is likely to have a strong impact on the field, in particular, on developmental psycholinguistics and second language (L2) acquisition research. Unlike the majority of previous work on language acquisition that focused on “competence,” that is, the knowledge basis underlying grammar, CF emphasize the need to approach language acquisition with psycholinguistic measures of processing. Based primarily on behavioral and electrophysiological on-line data, they argue that language acquisition in early first language (L1) and late L2 follows different patterns.

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