Co-text of use of forty English nominal premodifiers

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Sara Gesuato
Keyword(s):  
Compound Formation ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Syntactic Features

This paper examines the co-text of use of the singular and plural variants of 40 nouns used as modifiers in compounds with two lexical bases on the basis of over 6,000 compounds collected from a general corpus of English. The data shows that, for the lexemes considered, plural premodification contributes significantly to compound formation, although singular premodification is favoured, and that both groups of compounds occur in similar lexical, semantic and syntactic environments (e.g. the same types of semantic categories are represented in the heads of both groups; the same combinations of typographic, semantic and syntactic features signal the presence of micro semantic-syntactic units within larger nominal units). However, it appears that features marking the distinctiveness of the non-head material in the compounds occur more frequently, especially in combinations, when plural premodification is instantiated. This suggests that plural premodification may be favoured by the co-presence of multiple co-textual conditions, but also that the occurrence of unithood features — which mark the distinctiveness of the non-head material or of the larger phrases containing the compounds — may also be favoured by specific lexemes.

More's usage of Latin verbal predicates: the particular case of fio

Moreana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Number 211) (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Concepción Cabrillana
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Poetic Text

This article addresses Thomas More's use of an especially complex Latin predicate, fio, as a means of examining the degree of classicism in this aspect of his writing. To this end, the main lexical-semantic and syntactic features of the verb in Classical Latin are presented, and a comparative review is made of More's use of the predicate—and also its use in texts contemporaneous to More, as well as in Late and Medieval Latin—in both prose and poetry. The analysis shows that he works within a general framework of classicism, although he introduces some of his own idiosyncrasies, these essentially relating to the meaning of the verb that he employs in a preferential way and to the variety of verbal forms that occur in his poetic text.

Buchnąć z futrówy, odpypić z ponsy – about vocabulary from the category „cheating” in student jargon from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Jarosław Pacuła
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents the history of the student jargon. The author describes the vocabulary used in the period: second-half the 19th century – first half the 20th century; the lexis belongs to the thematic category „cheating”. In the text the reader gets to know theses: 1) the lexis discussed is the root cause of one of the most extensive lexical-semantic categories of the student jargon in the post-partition period (after the period of the Partitions of Poland); 2) in former student language a shared store of the vocabulary exists – this group is independent of the administrative dependence of schools; 3) we notice much former vocabulary in the contemporary jargon; 4) we will notice jargon words in the general Polish in the 19th century; 7) we can see the participation of criminal jargon from the 19th century.

scholarly journals LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY OF OIL AND GAS SPHERE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9(77)) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Mariana Shtohryn ◽  
Myroslava Muchka
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Heterogeneous Model ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories

The lexical-semantic features of the English terms of oil and gas sphere are considered. Attention is drawn to the phraseological and metaphorical features that are characteristic of the terms of the oil and gas industry. It has been revealed that English oil and gas terminology is built on a heterogeneous model, that is, the result of the interaction of several areas of human knowledge. It includes geological, geophysical, geochemical terms, as well as terms related to drilling, washing, fastening and cementing of oil and gas wells, development of oil and gas fields, underground hydraulics, oil and gas production, processing methods, pipeline terminology, offshore drilling terminology, economic terminology. It is has been found out that the semantic categories of English oil and gas terminology are evidence that the terminology under study reflects a particular sphere of human activity that can be structured in some way by the means of language. In this process, the human factor is important. On the one hand, it is inherent in each of the categories, and serves as a basis for subjectivity in identifying the peculiarities of the content.The semantic categories of English oil and gas terminology are analyzed. These include: Human, Process, Equipment, Substance, Method, and Characteristics. The study showed that among the English oil and gas terms formed by metaphorization, we can distinguish terms conventionally grouped under the following lexical-semantic groups: “Parts of the human body”, “World of animals and birds”, “Clothes”, “Society”, “Cooking”, “Construction”, “Nature”, “Traveling”, “Weapon”, “Tool”, “Geometric figure”, “Hunting”, “Fishing”, “Medicine”, “Furniture” та “Quality”.

scholarly journals Semantic (Ir)regularities in Action Nouns in Irish

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Maria Bloch-Trojnar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Verbal Nouns ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
The Core ◽  
Situation Types

Cross-linguistically, verbal nominalizations display a close semantic and syntactic affinity to their corresponding predicates. Another characteristic feature of action nominalizations is that they exhibit the process/result dichotomy. In the process of lexicalization, the meanings of nominals drift away from the core actional reading, and come to denote ‘something material connected with the verbal idea (agent, instrument, belongings, place or the like)’ (Marchand 1969, 303). Nominalizations in Irish show a systematic polysemy between an abstract action reading and more concrete meanings such as result or object of activity, e.g. míniú ‘explanation’, ceartú ‘correction’, filleadh ‘bend’. We can observe a cline with a non-count action nominal and a count result nominal as extremes. The ability to pluralize is a clear indicator of lexicalization, e.g. oiriúintí ‘fittings, accessories’, admhálacha ‘receipts’, socruithe sochraide ‘funeral arrangements’. It will be demonstrated that the patterns of polysemy in verbal nouns are constrained by the lexical semantics of the base verbs. In the paper an overview is made of nominals related to verbs of different situation types (i.e. Vendler’s (1967) classes such as states, accomplishments, achievements, activities), and different lexical semantic categories (i.e. verbs of creation, consumption, motion, speech act verbs, verbs of emission etc.). The study is based on the corpus of ca. 2300 verbs and their corresponding VNs from Ó Dónaill (1977).

scholarly journals LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND MORFOLOGO-SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF CONSTRUCTING TEXTS OF SPANISH LAW

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Mary Vlasenko
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Spanish Law ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of selection of linguistic means for creating different types of Spanish legal documents on lexical-semantic and morphosyntactic levels.

scholarly journals Means of informal communication in political cartoons

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-D) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Olga N. Prokhorova ◽  
Ekaterina F. Bekh ◽  
Olga V. Dekhnich ◽  
Ekaterina V. Seredina ◽  
Natalia V. Fisunova
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Political Cartoons ◽  
Informal Communication ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Political Humor ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
American Media

This article attempts to analyze means of communication such as euphemisms and dysphemisms in a political cartoon. Free expression of personal and public opinion, political humor and political cartoon became an important part of the information sphere. This makes the genre of political cartoon more relevant than ever. The cartoon consists of verbal and visual components, which make the choice of communication tools in the text especially difficult. This determined the problem of our study. We have analyzed political cartoons published in the American media. Using the method of content analysis, we selected 174 euphemisms and dysphemisms, which we divided into lexical-semantic categories. As a result, euphemisms are used frequently in political cartoon than dysphemisms, which, is caused by the genre specificity, thus, the ironical effect is achieved by the contrast between the verbal and visual components.

scholarly journals Lexical Borrowing, Categorization, and Mental Representation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Attila Benő
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The Creation

AbstractThe article argues that lexical borrowing is not only motivated by cultural factors linked to prestige or economical aspects but also by the speakers’ need for new lexical-semantic categories and for highly expressive metaphorical terms to operate with, which makes them borrow words. The semantic changes of the lexical borrowings point to the creation of new items in the semantic fields of the receiving language. The integration of borrowings into Hungarian and Romanian exemplifies these processes.

"Without bargaining with your conscience": observations about the linguopoetics of N. A. Nekrasov’s lyrical poetry (to the 200th anniversary of the birth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
D. A. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
Lyrical Poetry ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
National Corpus

The article aims to reveal N. A. Nekrasov’s linguopoetic innovations which underpinned the evolution of the subsequent Russian poetry. Various lexical layers of Nekrasov’s lyrical poetry and their formation against a background of the literary Russian language dynamics in the 1850–70s are analysed. The research outlines the major poetic themes of Nekrasov’s poetry, its linguistic content, and compositional development. The paper also devotes attention to the poet’s metrics and versification (in accordance with M. L. Gasparov’s theory concerning the relationship between metre and meaning). Additionally, specific syntactic features of Nekrasov’s poems, their emotional content, and pathos are revealed. N. A. Nekrasov’s thematic, linguistic, and compositional discoveries are compared with various poetic movements in the Russian poetry at the end of the XIXth and in XXth centuries. Besides the observation of the text, lexical semantic and stylistic analysis, the research also exploits the statistical and linguochronological potential of the Russian National Corpus.

An Electron Microscope Study of Interdiffusion and Compound Formation in Ta-Au Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 32-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Tisone ◽  
S. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxide ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Au Thin Films

In a study of the properties of a Ta-Au metallization system for thin film technology application, the interdiffusion between Ta(bcc)-Au, βTa-Au and Ta2M-Au films was studied. Considered here is a discussion of the use of the transmission electron microscope(TEM) in the identification of phases formed and characterization of the film microstructures before and after annealing.The films were deposited by sputtering onto silicon wafers with 5000 Å of thermally grown oxide. The film thicknesses were 2000 Å of Ta and 2000 Å of Au. Samples for TEM observation were prepared by ultrasonically cutting 3mm disks from the wafers. The disks were first chemically etched from the silicon side using a HNO3 :HF(19:5) solution followed by ion milling to perforation of the Au side.

Affective ratings for spanish words belonging to three semantic categories

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Moldovan ◽  
P. Ferre ◽  
M. Guasch ◽  
R. Sanchez-Casas
Keyword(s):  
Affective Ratings ◽  
Semantic Categories
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