Compliment responses in Icelandic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-214
Author(s):  
Milton Fernando Gonzalez Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Cultural Appropriateness ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Tongue Twisters

Abstract Compliment responses are speech acts assumed to mirror cultural appropriateness. In this sense, a review of responses to compliments offers cues about the ways in which speakers react to dialogic strategies of politeness. In order to examine how Icelanders react to compliments, an Elicitation Experiment (EE) was designed to evoke natural responses. It consisted in asking a group of 81 Icelandic informants (46 female, 35 male) to read tongue-twisters in Dutch and Spanish during a set of interviews. Informants were complimented based on their performance and their responses were recorded. Based on 162 exchange tokens, it is possible to conclude that not agreeing to compliments is the most common way of reacting to compliments in Iceland.

Social contact and speech act strategies in a Chinese study abroad context

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Tang ◽  
Naoko Taguchi ◽  
Shuai Li
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Contact Group ◽  
Chinese Study ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Request Strategies

Abstract This study examined the relationship between reported amounts of social contact and speech act strategies among 70 learners of Chinese enrolled in a study abroad program in Beijing. The participants completed a computer-delivered spoken discourse completion task (spoken DCT) eliciting three speech acts: requests, refusals, and compliment responses. Speech act strategies were compared between two groups of learners who reported different amounts of social contact (high and low social contact) as assessed via a self-report survey. Results showed that both high and low social contact groups favored using similar strategies to achieve the three speech acts. However, the high social contact group produced speech acts in a more sophisticated way: with a wider variety of request strategies, multiple refusal strategies used in combination and more deflecting strategies in compliment responses, compared with the low social contact group. The findings suggest that social contact helped learners expand their pragmalinguistic repertoire and employ more varied speech act strategies.

The Investigation of Compliment Response Patterns across Gender and Age among Advanced EFL Learners

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Yazdani Khaneshan ◽  
Alireza Bonyadi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Communication Breakdown ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
The Given

Compliment responses (CRs) as manifestations of social-cultural standards and politeness varieties of a certain speech community are prevalent types of speech acts which are vulnerable to be misunderstood and therefore cause communication breakdown. Having this in mind, the recent study aimed at investigating compliment response strategies of Iranian advanced EFL learners across gender and age. The data were collected through application of a Discourse Completion Task (DCT), borrowed from Chen and Yang (2010), with four situational settings (appearance, clothing, ability, and possession) to 50 male and 50 female advanced EFL learners of an English institute in Iran. Based on qualitative data analysis, no difference was shown between the CR strategies employed by male and female participants in terms of frequency. Likewise, it was revealed that the frequency of CR strategies used by teenage and adult groups was very close. However, scrutinizing the emerging themes, besides similarities between the given groups, some subtle differences in the terminology of the employed strategies were detected.

AN EXPLORATORY CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF INTERLANGUAGE PRAGMATIC DEVELOPMENT

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pragmatic Development ◽  
Compliment Responses

This paper reports the results of an exploratory cross-sectional study of pragmatic development among three groups of primary school students in Hong Kong who completed a cartoon oral production task (COPT) designed to elicit requests, apologies, and compliment responses. The first two of these speech acts are among the most well represented in the pragmatics literature and are also included in the Hong Kong English language syllabus for primary schools. The latter has also been studied extensively but is not part of the syllabus. Data was collected in Cantonese using the same instrument. Although a number of developmental patterns are revealed—particularly in choice of request strategy, frequency of supportive moves, and use of adjuncts with apologies and compliment responses—there is little evidence of sensitivity to situational variation or pragmatic transfer from Cantonese. This study adds to the small, but growing, body of research on pragmatic development in a second language.

scholarly journals REFUSAL STRATEGIES BY JAVANESE TEACHERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Retnowaty Retnowaty
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
The Status ◽  
Teacher Use ◽  
Refusal Strategies

Refusal is one of many speech acts investigated in pragmatics. We usually do it in our life to reject other person’s request. People from different culture usually employ different refusal strategies since every culture has various way in protecting their positive face and reducing the threat that occur because of refusal ((Brown & S. Levinson, 1987). This study has two objectives: 1) to find out kind of strategies are used by Javanese teacher in performing refusal; 2) to describe how Javanese teacher use refusal strategies regarding the status of the addressee. This study was a qualitative study. The data were collected using discourse completion task (DCT) to elicit compliment responses from 16 teachers in Airlangga Junior High School Balikpapan. The discourse completion task (DCT) encompasses a variety of situations that required the participants to refuse the requests directly at them. Moreover, the data were analyzed with the help of Bebe, et all. (1990) in (Boonkongsaen, 2013) indicators. We can inferred that most participants used difference of refusal strategies. However, most participants tended to use the indirect strategies. Finally, this study also showed that the participants were more likely to be polite in their way of refusing requests.

scholarly journals The effect of social class on Persian EFL learners’ pragmatic performance of Speech act of compliment responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Saman Ebadi ◽  
Farkhondeh Pursiah
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
The Social ◽  
Compliment Responses

This study attempts to investigate how the participants’ social class affects types and frequency of EFL language learners’ compliment responses (CR).Data were collected from 60 Persian EFL Learners by using a DCT on various real life situations. The data were categorized and analyzed based onthe adapted version of CR categorization developed by Herbert (1989).The results indicated that both high and middle social class followed very similar patterns of CR.  The CR pattern doesnot seem to fluctuate according to the social class of the participants.The discrepancy in the strategies utilized by the participants in this study between the data achieved from the Persian and English questionnaires does not support L1 pragmalinguistic transfer in CR patterns for the middle social class participants.The findings of the research contribute to social, psychological and linguistic aspects of language learning in terms of examining the effect ofinteracting factors on the process of language learning in general and pragmatics in particular. Keywords: social class, compliment, compliment response, speech acts.

scholarly journals Irish English Stereotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bálint Péter Furkó
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Pragmatic Markers ◽  
Compliment Responses

Abstract The aim of the paper is to examine common Irish English stereotypes in cinematographic representations of Irish English with special reference to pragmatic features and sociopragmatic norms. After giving an overview of some of the ways in which the concepts of ‘stereotype’ and ‘stereotyping’ are defined and used in sociolinguistics and sociopragmatics, selected features of the Irish English pragmalect (the use of pragmatic markers, the performance of speech acts such as requests, compliment responses and thanks minimizers) will be discussed and contrasted with the (highly stereotypical) representation of Irish English in the films Intermission and The Guard.

scholarly journals A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Compliments and Compliment Responses among Young Saudis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alqarni
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
English Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Saudi Students ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Structural Formulas ◽  
Completion Test

There is a lack of awareness of the use of compliments and compliment responses in the Saudi Arabian context. This research investigates, from a sociolinguistic perspective, the speech acts of compliments and compliment responses as realized by eighty Saudi students who study English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It aims to identify the semantic and structural formulas used by the participants to express compliments and to respond to compliments. The study also examines the roles of the topic of conversation and the participants’ first language in the realisation of compliments. Furthermore, the study investigates gender differences with regard to the use of compliments and compliment responses. A discourse completion test (DCT) consisting of twelve situations was used to collect data from the participants. The analysis of the responses found that the dominant form of compliments used was unbound semantic formulas that were not influenced by the social relationship between the participants. Topics that are socially delicate result in the use of more implicit compliments than explicit compliments. The religious norms require politeness in the interactions between people, and this is reflected in the prevalence of implicit compliments. There is a wide range of compliments used with no fixed pattern of usage. Compliments tend to be given using adjectives rather than verbs. Gender did not appear to affect the nature of usage of compliments and responses. The research suggests that the cultural influences of the English language and western culture may be influencing how young Saudis use compliments.

Cultural values in Malay speech acts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlyna Maros ◽  
Azianura Hani Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Linguistic Innovation ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
New Generation

How do members of the new generation praise each other? Do they still adhere to the communication strategies prescribed in their traditional cultural values or modernization has played a role in initiating changes in peoples linguistic behavior?The book addresses the changes in the cultural values that have emerged in the speech acts of compliments and compliment responses of native speakers of Malay in Malaysia. In the field of sociolinguistics, the discussion provides insights into the current practices of the Malay speech acts and linguistic identity among the speakers, especially after 60 years of Malaysias independence. The rapid developments in technology and cyber communication have contributed to linguistic innovation and changes in language use to a certain extent, hence calling for a look at its impact on Malay cultural values.Through empirical evidence, the book attempts to elucidate the emerging norms that indicate changes in the cultural values of the new Malays. Our arguments are supported by the theories related to how utterances are analysed linguistically, taking into consideration the social factors, such as power, social distance, social status of the interlocutors and weight age of the imposition on the speech acts.This book is written to bring you closer to the members of the new generation, by providing insights into their strategies of communication. Specifically, it is written to uncover and understand the norms and values of the Malays of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Investigating the Use of Compliments and Compliment Responses in Persian: Effect of Educational Background

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Vahid Shahidi Pour ◽  
Gholam Reza Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Topic Shift

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of the social variable of education on the use of compliments and compliment responses in Persian. To this end, a Discourse Completion Task (DCT) was administered to 200 native Persian speakers from different educational backgrounds. In general, the results revealed that participants tended to use explicit unbound semantic formula as well as non-compliment strategies to give compliments the most. However, they used future reference, contrast, request, and 'other' strategies the least. Furthermore, they followed accept, reject, and evade trend when replying to compliments. Surprisingly, the most common subcategory of compliment response strategy used by participants was downgrade. Return and appreciation tokens were the second and third most frequently used strategies. However, they never used reassignment and topic shift to respond to compliments. In particular, the results suggested the effect of education on determining compliments and compliment responses patterns. While lower educated people preferred non-compliment strategies, higher educated people preferred explicit semantic formula strategies to give compliments the most. In replying to compliments, downgrade occurred most frequently across different educational levels except PhD/MD level. PhD/MD holders used appreciation token the most. The second most frequently used compliment response strategy by all educational levels was return. However, despite minor differences, no marked difference was found among educational levels regarding the least frequent compliments and compliment responses. The findings can provide valuable insight into the cultural and socio-cultural factors affecting the way people compliment, perceive the compliments, and respond to the compliments made on them.Keywords: Pragmatic competence, Speech acts, Compliments, Compliment responses, Educational background

Sex-based differences in compliment behavior

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Response Type ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Different Response

ABSTRACTSex-based differences in the form of English compliments and in the frequencies of various compliment response types are discussed. Based on a corpus of 1,062 compliment events, several differences in the form of compliments used by women and men are noted. Further, it is found that compliments from men are generally accepted, especially by female recipients, whereas compliments from women are met with a response type other than acceptance. These findings are set within a broader discussion of male–female differences in speech and the sociology of compliment work. Parallels are drawn between these sex-based differences and differences in norms for national varieties of English relating to the function and frequency of compliments as speech acts and to different response types elicited by diverse functional exploitations of compliment formulas in discourse. (Sex-based differences in language use, socioprag-matics, compliments/compliment responses, ethnography of speaking)

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