Epistemological issue with keynote article “Early, late or very late? Timing acquisition and bilingualism” by Ianthi Maria Tsimpli

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Timing Acquisition ◽  
Epistemological Issue ◽  
Early Late

On the Acquisition of French (Null) Subjects and (In)Definiteness: Simultaneous and Early Sequential bi-, tri- and Multilinguals

Probus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-225
Author(s):  
Laia Arnaus Gil ◽  
Johanna Stahnke ◽  
Natascha Müller
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Null Subjects ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Timing Acquisition ◽  
Null Subject ◽  
Null Subject Parameter ◽  
Definite Articles ◽  
Linguistic Approaches ◽  
Early Late

Abstract The French non-null-subject parameter is set very early, irrespective of the number of languages acquired. By contrast, the acquisition of (in)definiteness marking takes place at age 11;0. For early parametrized grammatical phenomena, Tsimpli (Tsimpli, Ianthi Maria. 2014. Early, late or very late? Timing acquisition and bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 4(3). 283–313.) argues that age of onset (AoO) matters. For late acquired phenomena, language experience is crucial. We recruited 23 simultaneous and 34 early sequential L2 (eL2) learners of French (mean age 4;6). Using an elicitation task, we examined the production of French subjects and (in)definite articles. All children behaved similarly with respect to the (early) setting of the null-subject parameter. In contrast, (in)definite marking was sensitive to number of languages and age; AoO or input effects did not affect the results. Simultaneous multilinguals diverge from eL2 children, showing subject spell-out preferences, interpreted in terms of acquisition phases. We will discuss this result against a model of language acquisition in which the child proceeds in acquisition stages.

On the Acquisition of French (Null) Subjects and (In)Definiteness: Simultaneous and Early Sequential bi-, tri- and Multilinguals

Probus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Arnaus Gil ◽  
Johanna Stahnke ◽  
Natascha Müller
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Null Subjects ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Timing Acquisition ◽  
Null Subject ◽  
Null Subject Parameter ◽  
Definite Articles ◽  
Linguistic Approaches ◽  
Early Late

Abstract The French non-null-subject parameter is set very early, irrespective of the number of languages acquired. By contrast, the acquisition of (in)definiteness marking takes place at age 11;0. For early parametrized grammatical phenomena, Tsimpli (Tsimpli, Ianthi Maria. 2014. Early, late or very late? Timing acquisition and bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 4(3). 283–313.) argues that age of onset (AoO) matters. For late acquired phenomena, language experience is crucial. We recruited 23 simultaneous and 34 early sequential L2 (eL2) learners of French (mean age 4;6). Using an elicitation task, we examined the production of French subjects and (in)definite articles. All children behaved similarly with respect to the (early) setting of the null-subject parameter. In contrast, (in)definite marking was sensitive to number of languages and age; AoO or input effects did not affect the results. Simultaneous multilinguals diverge from eL2 children, showing subject spell-out preferences, interpreted in terms of acquisition phases. We will discuss this result against a model of language acquisition in which the child proceeds in acquisition stages.

Pluriversal Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Natalia Brizuela ◽  
Tatiana Monassa
Keyword(s):  
Production Models ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
Early Late

This conversation with directors Patricia Ferreira Pará Yxapy, André Novais Oliveira, Filipe Matzembacher, Marcio Rolon, and Julia Katharine took place over email exchanges and recorded phone conversations in the weeks between late June and early late August of 2020. In lieu of a real conversation, in person or online, all of the interviewees were sent the same set of questions, upon which they were invited to reflect. The directors were chosen because of the independent production models they work with, and because their voices, here placed side by side, portrays the sense of heterogeneity and pluriversality that today makes up Brazilian cinema.

EARLY-LATE ONSET CONDUCT PROBLEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 4593-4605
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Ahmad Badayai
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Early Late

Effect of reduced phosphorus fertilizer on early/late season rice yield in South China

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu LI ◽  
Xiao-Juan YANG ◽  
Xiang-Ru TANG ◽  
Guo-Xi LI ◽  
Guo-Wei PENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Early Late
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