Abstracts as orientation tools in a modular electronic environment

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten van der Tol
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Electronic Publication ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Insight Into

In an electronic publication environment, a scienti¼c article can be structured more e¬ectively and e~ciently if it is presented as a coherent collection of well-characterized and explicitly linked modules, rather than as a traditional linear essay. In a linear printed article, the abstract primarily ful¼lls a selection and substitution function. In a network of modular electronic articles, the abstract is primarily an orientation tool providing insight into the ½ow of the discourse. In order to ful¼ll this function, the abstract must provide a balanced representation that explicitly refers, in the informative mode, to the main stages in the problem-solving process. The orientation can be facilitated by hypertext links that connect phrases of the abstract to the related modules, enabling the reader to switch smoothly between the abstract and its source text. Each link has to carry a label that informs the reader about the speci¼c relationship between the phrase at hand and the module referred to.

Digitally Capturing Student Thinking for Self-Assessment

2012 ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri Vasinda ◽  
Julie McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Teacher Assessment ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Process Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Verbal Thinking

The continuing improvements and access to digital technology provide opportunities for capturing student thinking never considered or available in the past. Knowing the importance of thinking processes and understanding children’s resistance to writing them down, mathcasts were used as a way of supporting students during their problem solving. Mathcasts are screencaptures of students’ work and thinking as they write and talk about their thinking during mathematical problem solving. Viewers of the mathcast gain unique insight into the students’ problem solving process, thinking process, and mathematical conceptions or misconceptions. The authors found screencasts to be a good technological match with mathematical problem solving that provided a more powerful opportunity for both self-assessment and teacher assessment that was not available with traditional paper and pencil reflection. When students can revisit their verbal thinking several times throughout the year, they are equipped to self-assess in new, powerful and more reflective ways.

scholarly journals On the Use of Issue Tracking Annotations for Improving Developer Activity Metrics

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Meneely ◽  
Laurie Williams
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Collaborative Problem Solving ◽  
Version Control ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Collaborative Problem ◽  
Control Change ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding and measuring how teams of developers collaborate on software projects can provide valuable insight into the software development process. Currently, researchers and practitioners measure developer collaboration with social networks constructed from version control logs. Version control change logs, however, do not tell the whole story. The collaborative problem-solving process is also documented in the issue tracking systems that record solutions to failures, feature requests, or other development tasks. We propose two annotations to be used in issue tracking systems: solution originator and solution approver. We annotated which developers were originators or approvers of the solution to 602 issues from the OpenMRS healthcare system. We used these annotations to augment the version control logs and found 47 more contributors to the OpenMRS project than the original 40 found in the version control logs. Using social network analysis, we found that approvers are likely to score high in centrality and hierarchical clustering. Our results indicate that our two issue tracking annotations identify project collaborators that version control logs miss. Thus, issue tracking annotations are an improvement in developer activity metrics that strengthen the connection between what we can measure in the project development artifacts and the team's collaborative problem-solving process.

Moving to Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Werner ◽  
M. Raab
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Problem Space ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
String Problem ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Problem Solving Task ◽  
Bodily Movements

Embodied cognition theories suggest a link between bodily movements and cognitive functions. Given such a link, it is assumed that movement influences the two main stages of problem solving: creating a problem space and creating solutions. This study explores how specific the link between bodily movements and the problem-solving process is. Seventy-two participants were tested with variations of the two-string problem (Experiment 1) and the water-jar problem (Experiment 2), allowing for two possible solutions. In Experiment 1 participants were primed with arm-swing movements (swing group) and step movements on a chair (step group). In Experiment 2 participants sat in front of three jars with glass marbles and had to sort these marbles from the outer jars to the middle one (plus group) or vice versa (minus group). Results showed more swing-like solutions in the swing group and more step-like solutions in the step group, and more addition solutions in the plus group and more subtraction solutions in the minus group. This specificity of the connection between movement and problem-solving task will allow further experiments to investigate how bodily movements influence the stages of problem solving.

Proses Berpikir Logis Siswa Sekolah Dasar Bertipe Kecerdasan Logis Matematis dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liska Yanti Pane ◽  
Kamid Kamid ◽  
Asrial Asrial
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Problem Solving Strategy ◽  
Solving Strategy

This research aims to describe logical thinking process of a logical-mathematical intelligence student. We employ qualitative method to disclose the subject’s learning process. Data are collected by interview and modified think aloud methods. The results show that subject has capability to find and organize problems and data correctly. Subject describes conditions that are needed to do the steps of problem solving strategy. The steps are done systematically until the end of problem solving process.

Proses Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Tipe Linguistik dalamPemecahan Masalah Biologi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imelda Aisah Sarip ◽  
Kamid Kamid ◽  
Bambang Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
The Given

The aim of this research is to describe creative thinking process of linguistic type student in biology problem solving. This research is conducted to linguistic intelligence type of subject at SMPN 6 Kota Jambi. SL the subject was selected based on the aim of the research. Data collection is conducted by interview and a modified think aloud method. Data is analyzed based on creative thinking process purposed by Polya.The result of this research shows that SL could find and arrange the given problems and collect data correctly and appropriately. The problem solving steps is done systematically to the end of problem solving process. The last steps problem solving, SL does checking while doing scratching to make sure that the written answers meet her need.

Spoken Natural Language Dialog Systems

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie W. Smith ◽  
D. Richard Hipp
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
User Model ◽  
Dialog Systems ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Processing Architecture ◽  
Dialog Processing

As spoken natural language dialog systems technology continues to make great strides, numerous issues regarding dialog processing still need to be resolved. This book presents an exciting new dialog processing architecture that allows for a number of behaviors required for effective human-machine interactions, including: problem-solving to help the user carry out a task, coherent subdialog movement during the problem-solving process, user model usage, expectation usage for contextual interpretation and error correction, and variable initiative behavior for interacting with users of differing expertise. The book also details how different dialog problems in processing can be handled simultaneously, and provides instructions and in-depth result from pertinent experiments. Researchers and professionals in natural language systems will find this important new book an invaluable addition to their libraries.

Systems thinking, a consilience of values and logic

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
Sameer Kumar ◽  
Thomas Ressler ◽  
Mark Ahrens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Qualitative Reasoning ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
Problem Solvers

This article is an appeal to incorporate qualitative reasoning into quantitative topics and courses, especially those devoted to decision-making offered in colleges and universities. Students, many of whom join professional workforce, must become more systems thinkers and decision-makers than merely problem-solvers. This will entail discussion of systems thinking, not just reaching “the answer”. Managers will need to formally and forcefully discuss objectives and values at each stage of the problem-solving process – at the start, during the problem-solving stage, and at the interpretation of the results stage – in order to move from problem solving to decision-making. The authors suggest some methods for doing this, and provide examples of why doing so is so important for decision-makers in the modern world.

scholarly journals The Effects of Context-based Problem-solving Tasks on Students’ Interest and Metacognitive Experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Marcela Pozas ◽  
Patrick Löffler ◽  
Wolfgang Schnotz ◽  
Alexander Kauertz
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Situational Interest ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
High Track ◽  
Metacognitive Experiences

AbstractPrior knowledge, motivational factors, and metacognition have been long considered basic elements for successful problem-solving process. However, the interplay of these variables with context-based task characteristics has rarely been explored in research. The present study aimed at investigating how context-based task characteristics influence these three elements, and further expands to explore potential differentiated effects across physics’ topics. A multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted with 232 participants from high-track schools in Germany to investigate the effects of task characteristics and task topic with regard to their motivational and metacognitive variables. Overall results indicated that students’ situational interest and estimate of solution correctness decrease through time as a result from their interaction with the tasks characteristics. Furthermore, between-subject factor analyses revealed important differences across the task topics of mechanics and thermodynamics. Finally, the covariate of prior knowledge was positively significant across all analyses. The findings demonstrate the importance of appropriate design of context-based tasks to positively influence students’ motivation and metacognitive processing. Implications of the results, as well as further lines of research are discussed.

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