Indirect objects in Siswati

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-326
Author(s):  
Videa P. De Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Object Relations ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Double Object ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Indirect Object ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Relational Grammar ◽  
Ditransitive Constructions

Contrary to the view that in Bantu languages the two unmarked nominals following the verb in ditransitive constructions need not be distinguished because both possess the same object properties, this paper shows the necessity of making a distinction between the direct object and the indirect object relations. Evidence comes from SiSwati, the language of Swaziland, and the analysis of the data is cast in the Relational Grammar framework. The arguments presented refer to word order, object concord (or pronominal copy) and the interaction between object concord and some syntactic phenomena such as passivization, topicalization, relativization, and clefting. By distinguishing the direct object from the indirect object in Siswati, the grammar is able to provide a more natural account for a number of related double object constructions.

Relational grammar, ergativity, and Hindi-Urdu

Lingua ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwari Pandharipande ◽  
Yamuna Kachru
Keyword(s):  
Relational Grammar

Twentieth Century Linguistics at Closing Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-300
Author(s):  
Randy Allen Harris
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Closing Time ◽  
Phrase Structure Grammar ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Lexical Functional Grammar ◽  
Relational Grammar ◽  
Metaphor Theory

This chapter appraises the state of linguistics at the end of the twentieth century in the wake of the Generative/Interpretive Semantics episode. The period saw a huge upswing in Noam Chomsky’s influence with the dominance of his Government and Binding/Principles and Parameters model, but also the development of multiple other competing and intersecting formal models, all of which did away with Chomsky’s totemic concept, the transformation: Relational Grammar (RG), Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG), Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG), and so many more that Frederick Newmeyer tagged the lot of them Alphabet Grammars (AGs). Alongside these frameworks came George Lakoff’s most far-reaching and influential development, with philosopher, Mark Johnson, “Conceptual Metaphor Theory” (a label the author rejects).

scholarly journals Binary Context-Free Grammars

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1209
Author(s):  
Sherzod Turaev ◽  
Rawad Abdulghafor ◽  
Ali Amer Alwan ◽  
Ali Abd Almisreb ◽  
Yonis Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Binary Relation ◽  
Production Rules ◽  
Relational Grammar ◽  
Generate Matrix ◽  
Context Free ◽  
Context Free Grammars

A binary grammar is a relational grammar with two nonterminal alphabets, two terminal alphabets, a set of pairs of productions and the pair of the initial nonterminals that generates the binary relation, i.e., the set of pairs of strings over the terminal alphabets. This paper investigates the binary context-free grammars as mutually controlled grammars: two context-free grammars generate strings imposing restrictions on selecting production rules to be applied in derivations. The paper shows that binary context-free grammars can generate matrix languages whereas binary regular and linear grammars have the same power as Chomskyan regular and linear grammars.

scholarly journals Predicate union and the syntax of Japanese causatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Dubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Case Marking ◽  
Relational Grammar ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
Matrix Subject

This paper presents a monoclausal, multipredicate analysis of Japanese causatives, adopting the fundamental assumptions of Relational Grammar. Evidence is provided for the existence of two distinct classes of causatives, distinguished on the basis of the agentivity of the matrix subject. It is also demonstrated that the surface case marking of the causee is constrained by its relative status to the matrix subject with respect to a set of Proto-Agent entailments (as proposed in Dowty 1991).

scholarly journals Semantic Relations vs. Abstract Syntactic Relations: Evidence from Halkomelem

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Relational Theory ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Relational Grammar ◽  
Syntactic Relations

<p>Based on a partial reanalysis of a corpus of data from Halkomelem (Salish) analyzed from the perspective of classical Relational Grammar in a series of works by Donna Gerdts, I argue for a relational theory with both revaluations of syntactic relations and alternative initial alignments of semantic relations with syntactic relations. First, I look at four kinds of constructions for which Gerdts appeals to revaluation analyses: passive, causative, antipassive, and applicative. I argue that a subset of these - namely the latter three - are better analyzed otherwise. Based on these results, I examine certain grammatical phenomena which might have been understood in terms of initial syntactic relations, if multistratal analyses of the constructions in question were available. Since they are not, however, it is necessary to formulate the relevant conditions in terms of semantic relations.</p>

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