Thinking for translating and intra-typological variation in satellite-framed languages

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-204
Author(s):  
Wojciech Lewandowski ◽  
Jaume Mateu
Keyword(s):  
Typological Variation

Islamic Wares from Ajdabiyah

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 85-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Typological Variation

AbstractA provisional typology for the Islamic glazed and domestic pottery from the excavations of the Fatimid mosque at Ajdabiyah is presented. The bulk of this pottery is likely to belong to the eleventh and twelfth centuries A.D. In addition, attention is drawn to the results of a programme of petrological analysis of the fabrics. Functional and typological variation was found to relate to fabric variation.

scholarly journals Signing not (or not): A typological perspective on standard negation in Sign Language of the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marloes Oomen ◽  
Roland Pfau
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Negative Element ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Typological Variation

AbstractThe expression of standard negation by means of manual and/or non-manual markers has been described for a considerable number of sign languages. Typological comparisons have revealed an intriguing dichotomy: while some sign languages require a manual negative element in negative clauses (manual-dominant sign languages), in others negation can be realized by a non-manual marker alone (in particular a headshake; non-manual-dominant sign languages). We are here adding data from Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT) to the picture, and we demonstrate that NGT belongs to the latter group. Still, detailed comparison suggests that NGT patterns differently from other non-manual-dominant sign languages, thereby improving our understanding of the typological variation in this domain. A novel contribution of the present study is that it is based on naturalistic corpus data, showing more variation than often found in elicitation and grammaticality judgment studies of sign languages, but also presenting new problems of interpretation.

The Negative Cycle and Beyond

2020 ◽  
pp. 529-545
Author(s):  
Anne Breitbarth
Keyword(s):  
Formal Expression ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Negative Cycle ◽  
Typological Variation

The expression of negation shows significant typological variation, for example by adverbial particles or verbs. In some languages, the different strategies are diachronically related, and the formal expression of negation can undergo a cyclic renewal. This chapter discusses the different lexical sources for the grammaticalization of new negative markers, and the formal processes involved. It also broaches on some open questions, such as why some languages do not renew their expression of negation while others do, and why they do at different speeds.

Contrastive linguistics and micro-variation

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Poletto
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Dialectal Variation ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Typological Variation

This article deals with a very general problem, namely the origin of the well-known distinction between dialectal and typological variation. It is argued that the fact that the possible grammatical choices are more restricted within a dialectal domain is not due to a supposed principled difference in the parameters that rule variation. Rather, they are a function of the originally unitary lexicon dialects share. If language variation is essentially located in the functional items, and they are derived from the same lexicon, then they will share some core properties that make dialectal variation so restricted. I propose that the fact that the lexicon is similar can give us clues about the internal structure of syntactically complex elements which are represented by a single word, like quantifiers, wh-items, modal verbs, etc. Within a homogenous domain, structural complexity correlates with a higher number of lexical roots: the higher the number of the lexical roots found, the more complex internal structure the functional item will display.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ERGONYMS WITH ANTROPONYMIC ELEMENT (case study of the names of trade and service enterprises of Izhevsk)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 971-977
Author(s):  
V.V. Detinkina ◽  
Yu.V. x Yu.V. Zheleznova ◽  
I.Yu. Rusanova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Company Sector ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Linguistic Units

The high density of ergonyms in the urban onomasticon, as well as their social orientation, has contributed to the constant scientific interest in these linguistic units. The article presents the results of studying ergonyms with an anthroponymic element of commercial enterprises and service companies located in the city of Izhevsk. The authors analyze the typological characteristics of ergonyms, their structural features. The problems of compatibility between business name and company sector is under consideration as well. When selecting material for research, the method of continuous sampling was used. The main method used to study is the method of scientific description, which involves direct observation, systematization, classification and interpretation. Based on the results of the description of the constituents of the four groups, a conclusion is made about the high typological variation of units and their structural diversity. Graphic ways to display a business name are characterized by the use of the Cyrillic and Latin alphabets including letters, punctuation marks and different symbols.

scholarly journals Cross-linguistic differences in categorical perception: Comparison of Danish and Norwegian

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byurakn Ishkhanyan ◽  
Riccardo Fusaroli ◽  
Anders Højen ◽  
Kristian Tylén ◽  
Christer Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Context Effect ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Drift Diffusion ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Sound Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Typological Variation

Are all languages processed in the same way, or might typological variation cause systematic differences between languages? We explore this question through a cross-linguistic comparison of categorical perception in two closely related languages, Danish and Norwegian. We employ drift diffusion models to reveal cross-linguistic differences in the role of context: Danish – a more phonologically-opaque language – shows equally strong context effects of both near and distal context, while Norwegian shows stronger context effect of near than distal context. We argue that the difference is due to a processing strategy: due to the more transparent sound structure of their language, Norwegians pay more attention to local acoustic information - while Danes, due to the opaque phonology of Danish, seem to use later-occurring contextual information to a larger extent. Indeed, when forcing participants to delay their decision until the full information is available, Norwegians show choice patterns more similar to those of Danes. Our findings highlight the importance of cross-linguistic studies, as even closely related languages like Danish and Norwegian, appear to be processed differently contingent on individual properties of the specific language.

The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition: Vol. 5. Expanding the contexts. D. I. Slobin. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1997. Pp. 339.

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Beverly A. Goldfield
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Intractable Problems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Theoretical Issues

For many years, research and theory on language acquisition have been sustained by data on English language learners, with an occasional crosslinguistic contribution. With more than 5,000 languages currently spoken in the world, we are not even close to a systematic sampling of languages and language learners. However, current crosslinguistic inquiry motivates much of the most interesting work in theoretical linguistics, neurolinguistics, and, thanks in large part to Dan Slobin's multivolume series, language acquisition. Volumes 1, 3, and 4 of The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition summarize critical features and the overall course of development for 25 languages. The chapters in Volume 2 consider theoretical issues raised by the crosslinguistic evidence. Volume 5 is the most recent publication, and, like Volume 2, its chapters provide a broader perspective on the data. The five chapters of the current volume attempt to enlarge the all-too-often narrow portrayal of the individual language learner grappling with the intractable problems of syntax and morphology. The authors review relevant data from previous volumes and consider how prosody, semantics, and pragmatics can disambiguate syntax and morphology and how a framework of systematic typological variation is crucial to understanding just how this might be accomplished.

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