First Translation and Retranslation in the Historical, Social and Cultural Context: A case study of two Chinese versions of Tess of the D'Urbervilles

Babel ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Rengdong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
English Novel ◽  
Tess Of The D'urbervilles ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analyse Comparative

The case study examined in depth is a comparison analysis of the classical English novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy, which has been translated into Chinese seven times, with seven versions preserving the novel form of the original. The present study will elaborate on the differences between two Chinese versions of Tess of the D’Urbervilles, one is Zhang Guruo’s version translated in 1934, and the other is Sun Zhili’s version translated in 1999, with regard to language style, literature, concept, acceptance of context, as well as the different translation strategies translators adopted in different historical, social and cultural contexts. The study also examines the special role played in the process by the two translations. The present paper thus contributes both to translation studies and to literary theory. The comparison is carried out by answering the following questions: – What are the social cultural impacts on the first translation and the retranslation? – What kind of selection tendencies do the two translators have? – What are the specific translation strategies adopted by the translators in the field of social customs, history and religion, literature and art, Bible and other allusions, literature and historical figures? Why? Résumé L’etude de cas examinee en detail est une analyse comparative du roman anglais classique Tess of the D’Ubervilles de Thomas Hardy, qui a ete traduit sept fois en chinois, avec sept versions preservant la forme originale du roman. Cette etude exposera dans le detail les differences entre deux versions chinoises de Tess of the D’ Ubervilles, l’une etant la version de Zhang Guro traduite en 1934 et l’autre celle de Sun Zhili traduite en 1999, en ce qui concerne le style de la langue, la litterature, le concept, l’acceptation du contexte, ainsi que les differentes strategies de traduction que les traducteurs ont adoptees dans differents contextes historiques, sociaux et culturels. L’etude examine egalement le role special joue dans le processus par les deux traductions. Par consequent, cet article contribue tant a la traductologie qu’ a la theorie litteraire. La comparaison est effectuee en repondant aux questions suivantes : – Quels sont les impacts socio-culturels sur la premiere traduction et la retraduction ? – Quel type de tendances de selection les deux traducteurs ont-ils ? – Quelles sont les strategies de traduction specifiques, adoptees par les traducteurs dans le domaine des coutumes sociales, de l’histoire et de la religion, de la litterature et de l’art, de la bible et d’autres allusions, des personnages litteraires et historiques ? Pourquoi ?

scholarly journals Surveillance in the liquid modern times

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Sabina Baraniewicz-Kotasińska ◽  
Sławomir Czapnik
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication

Surveillance, nowadays especially provided by information and communication technology, is at the core of social control that has been largely commoditised and privatized.Consumer culture gives hope for freedom lives, challenging the social hierarchies that dominated the earlier – in Bauman’s vocabulary, “solid” – phase of modernity. The aim of this paper is to present two of many tools, which are used by biggest IT companies to keep under surveillance the individuals, societies and nations in the Liquid Modern Times. There has been the socio-cultural context of Internet’s development analyzed to fnd the premises that led to a transformation of cyberspace from a freedom to a surveillance place, and conducted a case study of Facebook’s facial recognition technology and Google Street View practices. Non-reactive research methods have been used in the paper.

scholarly journals TRANSLATING ECONOMICS TEXTBOOKS: A CASE STUDY OF EPISTEMICIDE

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karnedi Karnedi
Keyword(s):  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
Target Culture

As part of discourse in the social sciences, economics textbooks written in English in which knowledge has been transferred to other languages through translation have brought a certain impact on both the target language and the target culture. In terms of ideology, this article argues about the hegemonic status of the dominant language or culture that creates socalled epistemicide or the erosion of knowledge, partly due to translation strategies adopted by the translator. Investigation is done using the corpusbased approach, theories of translation strategies and the comparative model. The study reveals that the translator in the macro-level text adopts the ideology of foreignising strategy rather than domesticating strategy when translating an economics textbook from English into Indonesian. This is supported by the use of the number of the source language-orientated translation techniques leading to two translation methods (i.e. literal translation and faithful translation) adopted in the micro-level text. This research strongly supports another relevant study pertaining to the globalisation of knowledge through translation and also the translation theories of equivalence (i.e. overt and covert translation). The research findings also have some pedagogical implications on teaching English for Specific Purposes in higher education.

scholarly journals Climate change in Carpathian forests: natural logging in Sibiu area Romania case study Identifying the effects of climate change in the forests in the Sibiu area: forest wind damage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulian Alexandru BRATU
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
The Social

Abstract Climate change is becoming more acute, including in terms of individual perception. Forest, as an ecosystem, has a special role to play in mitigating climate change, protecting the soil, water and air. There are forests of scientific interest, preservation of the Eco fund and forest Geno fund, as well as recreational forests, so that the ecological functions are fulfilled in the optimum. Also, alongside the social function, green energy generation is one of the main attributes of the forest. In addition to preserving biodiversity, the forestry administration has as objectives the provision of the necessary resources for the short, medium and long-term development of local communities. Forest management that harmoniously combines ecological, economic and social functions cannot be sustained, at least in the information age, without relying on information technology. This article aims to address the issue of information technology in the forest administration, identifying needs and providing viable, high quality, open source solutions.

scholarly journals Sociological Analysis of Divorce: A Case Study from Pokhara, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 129-145
Author(s):  
Acharya Ram Bala
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Anthropological Research

This article is based on field study among different caste and ethnic groups residing in Pokhara sub-metropolitan city of Nepal. It tries to identify the causes of divorce in those groups. Probably, it is the first sociological study on divorce based on empirical fact in Nepal, so it may contribute a little bit to the direction of the sociological study. The tradition of sociological and anthropological research on social institutions and processes is not dominant in Nepal. Sociologists have found that there are different natures of changes on social institutions, economy, culture and political structure. This is a universal phenomenon around the world. However it could be fruitful to analyze causes and consequences of the social events or changes from the sociological perspective in the different social and cultural context. This study focuses on divorce basically the legal separation of the husband and wife. However customary divorce practices are in different communities of the Nepalese society.DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v1i0.284Dhaulagiri Vol.1 (2005) pp.129-145

Translating political ideology

Babel ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Guangjun ◽  
Zhang Huanyao
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
News Headlines

Ideology is a major issue in Translation Studies. With a case study of the Chinese translations of English news headlines concerning the South China Sea disputes on the website of www.ftchinese.com, this paper attempts to provide insights into the translation of ideologies in news in the Chinese context. In the theoretical framework of critical discourse analysis, the ideological factors underlying the disparity between the English news headlines and their Chinese translations are explored. The three-dimensional model of analysis put forward by Fairclough is modified and adopted in this paper as the basic steps of analysis: firstly, describe the differences between the original and their translations; secondly, associate them with the social reality; finally, account for those differences. In addition, to demonstrate how translators maneuvered to reach a compromise with the antagonistic ideologies which may set difficulties either for the news to win the acceptance of Chinese online readers or pass the Chinese government censorship, this paper offers an analysis of the translation strategies adopted in those Chinese translations, such as substitution, omission as well as the more subtle strategies, including changes of modality and actor. It is found that in the Chinese translations of the English news headlines, translators’ priority is on producing translations suitable to target readers and censors' ideology, rather than linguistic equivalents. Therefore, translating ideology-loaded texts adds a new way to understand translation and ideological explorations in Translation Studies have great potentials.

scholarly journals Contrastive Pragmatics and Corpora

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Aijmer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Parallel Corpora ◽  
Comparable Corpora ◽  
Communication Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Diachronic Analysis

Abstract Contrastive pragmatics is closely associated with the use of parallel and comparable corpora for studying the similarities and differences between languages. Parallel corpora have now been extended to more than two languages making them more relevant for typological research, and they can be used to investigate whether there are (discourse) universals across languages. Contrastive pragmatic studies also need to take into account aspects of the communication situation and the social and cultural context. As a result, many contrastive studies nowadays are doubly contrastive in that they compare pragmatic phenomena across both genres and languages. Scholars have also begun to combine contrastive analysis (translations) with the diachronic analysis of pragmatic phenomena in historical corpora, and pragmatic phenomena are studied contrastively with the focus being on sociolinguistic aspects. Illustrating these new uses is a case study which compares English absolutely with Swedish absolut.

scholarly journals Case study analysis of end of life care development in the Chinese cultural context of Macao: a social movement perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuai In Tam ◽  
Elaine Haycock-Stuart ◽  
Sarah J. Rhynas
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Hospice Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Development

Abstract Background The modern hospice movement is often recognised as a social movement. However, such understanding is primarily based on historic reflection and this approach has lacked theoretical exploration. There is a lack of systematic examination of the modern hospice movement by way of social movement theories. Aim Focusing on the Chinese socio-cultural context of Macao, this study aimed to understand the EoLC movement by applying the social movement theory, the Framing Perspective, as proposed by Snow and Benford in 1988. Methods A case study approach was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were held between 2012 and 2013, with pioneers (n = 11) of the EoLC in Macao. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse the interviews. Results The Framing Perspective analysis illuminated that there was both growth and stagnation of the EoLC movement. Three themes emerged: 1) the suffering of people at the end of their lives was considered as a social problem needed to be addressed urgently, 2) the incoherent EoLC strategies developed by pioneers indicated the lack of internal ideological cohesion within the movement, 3) external constraints contributed to the stagnation of the movement. Conclusions The EoLC development in Macao can be understood as a social movement. The Framing Perspective provided a theoretical way to understand the emergence of EoLC; offering a novel perspective to conceptualise the modern hospice movement. This sociological and theoretical lens opened up new ways for future research to study the emergence of EoLC in different socio-cultural contexts.

Developing Global Competencies Through Community-Based Research Workshops in the Dominican Republic

2018 ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
Karie Jo Peralta ◽  
Shahna Arps
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Global Competencies ◽  
Community Partners ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday

The purpose of this case study is to illustrate how the planning and implementation of research training facilitated the authors' practice of skills and enactment of values and attitudes that are necessary to be effective global citizens. At the outset of the chapter, the authors introduce the social and cultural context of the research training. Then, they present the processes of creating and executing the research training by identifying the steps they took to adapt a pre-designed research manual and engage participants in workshop activities. Next, the authors explain how certain aspects of the training allowed them to practice and exhibit their commitment to global competencies. In conclusion, the authors use the lessons they learned to offer suggestions for engaging host organizations and community partners in activities before launching a study abroad course and to identify the everyday opportunities for educators to develop their global competencies.

scholarly journals What Philosophical Aesthetics Can Learn from Applied Anthropology

Symposion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Anna Kawalec ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The Social

Through a detailed case study of investigations on beauty, I demonstrate that a thoughtful consideration of empirical evidence can lead to the disclosure of the fundamental assumptions entrenched in a philosophical discipline. I present a contrastive examination of two empirically oriented approaches to art and beauty, namely, the anthropology of art and the anthropology of aesthetics. To capture these two different ways of interpreting the available evidence, I draw upon a debate between Alfred Gell and Jeremy Coote on the understanding of beauty and art in the Dinka community. Following Gell, I reveal that the Western-centric predilection of Coote, who uses traditional aesthetic categories, leads to his failure to grasp the functional and causal roles of beauty in the social relations of the Dinka. In more general terms, my study reveals the inherent limitations of aesthetics as developed in the Western tradition and its Kantian legacy. Being steadily driven towards purely abstract and speculative concepts, such as ‘work of art,’ Western aesthetics has lost the ability to account for the causal role of beauty in social relations. By contrasting this approach with Gell’s anthropological approach to art, I indicate those fundamental assumptions of aesthetics as a philosophical discipline that apparently confine it to a particular cultural context, compromising its ability to account for the universal human condition. As my study illustrates, this limitation could be overcome by a thoughtful and unprejudiced examination of empirical evidence.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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