The deterioration of the usage of ‘kaana’ in the Holy Quran via translation

Babel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Khawalda
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Aspectual Meaning

This paper investigates the accuracy of the translation of the Arabic copula kaana (be-past-he) in the holy Quran. The first one hundred usages of kaana are selected for investigation. The examples are exclusively derived from Surat al-baqarah (1) and surat ali?umran (2). The translation under discussion is taken from ‘Holy Quran, CD, 6th ed. Saxir for Computer Programs’ The translation has been checked via back translation, which was compared with the original temporal and aspectual meaning expressed by the usage of kaana. It turns out that the translation of kaana caused confusion rather than understanding. It also seems that most of the inadequacies result from insufficient understanding of the mechanism of tense and aspect in both the Arabic and English languages. Moreover, in most cases, the modal usage of kaana which plays a significant role, is ignored by the translator(s). In addition to back translation carried out by some scholars, the translation has also been checked via ‘Machine Translation’ which shows a real abuse of the original text.

scholarly journals Orientalist Studies on Methodology of Repetition in the Holy Quran: A Critical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Syed Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md. Fakar Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
False Accusation ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Modern Arabic

This article is an attempt to critique the Orientalists viewpoint on the qur’anic style of repetition as a deficiency of Language and Literature. It is well-discussed by academicians that the literary grandeur of the Qur’an and its style of expression are firmly inimitable. As a common phenomenon of Qur’anic Literature, repetition plays a significant role in highlighting meaning by creating a harmonious order for better works. Scholars from both Arabic and English literature have also acknowledged the miraculous character of repetition for successful interaction. But in spite of its stunning sublimity, some Orientalists have made groundless criticism to degrade the literary style of the Holy Qur’an; this distortion about the Qur’anic style is mostly due to their misconception towards Islam. Accordingly, this study followed a critical method in order to discuss their false accusation based on historical, literary and psychological groundings. The research finds the repetition as a miraculous character of qur’anic language which is widely known in pre-Islamic Arab society. It is also used as one of the most familiar features in modern Arabic and English literature.  Significantly, psychologists have agreed with the importance of repetition in human behaviour for building affiliation between speakers.

scholarly journals Translating Sarcasm as Killing the Prophets and Making Fun of Them in Some Quranic Verses Into English

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maan Mamdouh ◽  
Muhammed Ibrahim Hamood
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Communicative Translation

The current study concentrates on translating the rhetorical meanings of sarcasm in the Holy Quran and the translated texts in an effort to find a sort of compatibility between the two languages. It focuses on the method of sarcasm in some verses of Holy Quran in an endeavour to understand its intended meaning and clarify the variations involved in its translation into the English language. The study aims to produce some conceptions of sarcasm and take them into consideration in observing the original texts for the purpose of showing whether the translators are able to accurately translate the implicit meanings of sarcasm, based on Newmark’s Model (1988), “semantic and communicative translation”. Qualitative analysis is suitable for the purpose of the study, as it is suited for exploring people’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs, perceptions, interactions and behaviors in numerous settings and where the approach is interpretative and the data are presented subjectively rather than statistically.The study hypothesizes that translating sarcasm leads to some prospect problems for translators; one of the deductions obtained from this study is the variety of translations depending on the translator’s understanding of the meaning of the original text. The major findings that the translators have produced distinct translations depending on their understanding of the verse's meanings. In addition, in most cases, the renderings of the three translators look unsuitable because they did not display the sarcastic function as it is in the source text (ST). Consequently, the three translators broadly, failed to express the intentional ironic meaning as it is in the source text (The Holy Quran), and also could not manage to transfer the sarcastic message implied. 

scholarly journals Translating Sarcasm as Glad Tidings and Threat in Some Verses of the Holy Quran Into English

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maan Mamdouh ◽  
Muhammed Ibrahim Hamood
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
General Success

The present study focuses on translating the rhetorical meanings of sarcasm in the Holy Quran and the translated texts in an attempt to find a kind of compatibility between the two languages. It sheds light on the method of sarcasm in some verses of Holy Quran in an attempt to understand its purpose, meaning and clarify the differences involved in its translation into the English language. The study aims to present some conceptions of sarcasm and take them into consideration in observing the original texts for the purpose of showing whether the translators are able to properly translate the implicit meanings of sarcasm, based on Newmark’s Model (1988), “semantic and communicative translation”. Qualitative analysis is appropriate for the purpose of the study, as it is suited for exploring people’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs, perceptions, interactions and behaviors in various settings and where the approach is interpretative and the data are presented subjectively rather than statisticallyThe study hypothesizes that translating sarcasm leads to some potential problems for translators; one of the conclusions obtained from this study is the diversity of translations depending on the translator’s understanding of the meaning of the original text. The main findings that the translators have produced different translations depending on their understanding of the verse's meanings. In addition, in most cases, the renderings of the three translators sound appropriate (why) because they show the sarcastic function as it is in the (ST). So, the three translators in general success to express the intended ironical meaning as it is in the source text (The Holy Quran), and also, they manage to convey the sarcastic message implied. 

scholarly journals قواعد المد في القرآن الكريم في ضوء علم الأصوات الحديث / Lengthening rules in Quran Kareem in Modern Phonetics Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Azim Mohamed Bin Isa
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Phonological Representation ◽  
Short Vowel ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Vowel Lengthening ◽  
To Come ◽  
New Framework

ملخص الدراسة: يهدف هذا المقال إلى دراسة صوتية حديثة عن أحكام المد في القرآن الكريم؛ إذ نعيش اليوم في زمان لا نكتفي فيه بأقوال القدامى اللغويين، بل نحتاج إلى شكل جديد في إطار البحث العلمي. ويحاول الباحث أن يقدم قواعد وآراء جديدة لأحكام المد في القرآن الكريم، دون أن يترك ما فعل القراء القدامى واللغويون القدامى، بل يأتي بقواعد حديثة تناسب الواقع العلمي الآن.  توصلت الدراسة إلى أن سمة [± طويل] تؤدي دوراً مهماً في تحول الألف فتحة إذا كانت ساكنة مفتوح ما قبلها، وتؤدي سمتا [+ تقدم جذر اللسان] دوراً مهما في تحويل القراءة بالمد الأصلي إلى القراءة بالمد المتوسط إذا وقعت الهمزة بعد حروف المد، وتؤدي كذلك سمة [+ علل فموية] دوراً مهماً مع سمة [+ انقباض مزماري] و[+ تقدم جذر اللسان] أثناء تحول المد الأصلي ومد اللين عند قراءة ورش إلى المد المتوسط إذا وقعت الهمزة بعد حروف المد وصوتيات العلل الفموية، وتؤدي سمة [+ ساكن] دوراً معيناً في تحول القراءة بالقصر إلى قراءة بالمد الطويل بست حركات إذا وقعت حركة طويلة قبل ساكنين مماثلين متتابعين.   الكلمات المفتاحية: المد - السمة – التمثيل الصوتي – القاعدة – الصوتيات.   Abstract: This article attempts to study the rules of lengthening the vowels in the Holy Quran from the perspective of modern phonology discipline. We presently live at a time when the views of the traditional scholars are no longer enough as we need to put the knowledge in a new framework. In this paper the writer would like to propose new methods and new opinions regarding the rules of vowel lengthening (madd) in the Holy Quran in addition to the views and findings of the traditional scholars on this issue in order to come up with new perspectives that are more inclined to the reality of the development of the discipline today. Some of the most important findings of this study are: the [± long] feature plays a significant role in transforming the alif into a fathah if it is with sukun (no vowel sign) and preceded with an open vowel; the features of [+the advancement of the beginning of the tongue] is important in transforming the recitation of the original madd into the middle madd if the hamzah is positioned after the vowels of the madd. The feature of [+ oral deficiencies] plays a significant role with the feature of [+glottal contraction] and [+the advancement of the beginning of the tongue] during the transformation of the original and the liin (soft) madd in the Warash recitation into the middle madd if the hamzah is after the long vowels and the sounds from oral deficiencies. The feature of [+ sukun] plays an important role in transforming the recitation with short vowel into the long madd with six harakat if the long harakah is before two similar and consecutive sukuns.   Keywords: lengthening- features – phonological representation – rules – phonetics.   Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan perspektif moden dan kajian fonetik yang berkaitan dengan kaedah Mad dalam pembacaan-pembacaan Al-Quran. Kita sedia maklum bahawa kaedah Mad adalah antara hukum Tajwid yang sering didapati dalam Alquran. Hari ini, kita berada dalam zaman yang memerlukan kepada bahan-bahan ilmiah yang telah dikemukakan oleh ulamak zaman silam. Kita juga memerlukan kepada method yang baru dalam kajian akademik. Artikel ini ditulis untuk mencadangkan method dan pandangan baru berkenaan dengan masalah kaedah Mad dalam Alquran, tanpa meminggirkan pendapat ulamak silam, tetapi mendatangkan kaedah fonetik yang lebih sesuai dengan bidang lapangan kajian akademik pada hari ini. Antara dapatan kajian yang penting ialah: ciri [± panjang] memainkan peranan yang penting dalam menukar alif kepada baris atas sekiranya ia bersukun dan didahului oleh dengan voweel terbuka; ciri [+pergerakan pangkal lidah] adalah penting dalam menukar pembacaan mad asli kepada mad sederhana sekiranya hamzah terletak selepas selepas vowel yang membentuk mad tersebut. Ciri [+ kecatatan oral] memainkan peranan penting bersama ciri-ciri [+pemendekan glotal] dan [+pergerakan pangkal lidah] semasa perubahan mad liin dan asli dalam qiraat Warash kepada mad sederhana sekiranya hamzah terletak selepas vowel panjang dan bunyi-bunyi daripada kecatatan oral. Ciri [+ sukun] pula memainkan peranan yang penting dalam menukar pembacaan bersama vowel pendek kepada mad panjang dengan enam harakat sekiranya baris panjang tersebut terletak sebelum dua sukun yang sama dan berturutan.   Kata Kunci: mad - ciri-ciri – gambaran fonetik – kaedah-kaedah – fonetik.

The role of Record of Rights (Khatian) in determining title or possession: An overview

IIUC Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Kalim Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Supportive Evidence ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Religious Systems

Human beings are deeply related to land. Human beings take birth on land, live on land, die on land and mixes with land ultimately. As stated in the holy Quran: ‘We (Allah) created you (human beings) from the soil, we shall make you return to the soil and We shall call you back again from the soil’ (20:55). Human life is surrounded by soil i.e. land. So, land is a highly completed issue of human life involving economic, social, political, cultural and often religious systems. Land administration is thus a critical element and often a pre-condition for peaceful society and sustainable development. In administrating land, Khatian or record of rights plays a vital role to determine the rights and interests of the respective parties as supportive evidence. In this article, discussion is mainly made on the fact that Khatian or record of rights is not a document of title solely but it may be an evidence of title as well as possession. IIUC Studies Vol.15(0) December 2018: 33-46

HIKAYAT NABI LOT: SEBUAH KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUAL DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN FENOMENA LGBT DI INDONESIA [The Saga of Prophet Lot: An Intertextual Study and Correlations to LGBT Phenomenon in Indonesia]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Hasanudin ◽  
Asep Yudha Wirajaya
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Ancient Manuscript

This article aims to describe the correlations among intertextuality, hypogram, and transformation in the existing Saga of the Prophet Lot (hereinafter abbreviated as HNL) with the Story of the Prophet Lot (hereinafter abbreviated KNL) in the Holy Quran and also its correlations to the LGBT phenomenon in Indonesia.The problems in this article, that is (1) What is the intertextual relationship between HNL and KNL in the Holy Quran?, (2) How are the similarities and differences of HNL and KNL in the Holy Quran?, (3) What are the background creation of HNL? This article wants to prove that the ancient manuscript entitled HNL is a hypogram and transformation of the KNL contained in the Holy Quran.The method used in this article is content analysis because the authors intend to interpret the events contained in the HNL and then trace the Intertekstualnya relationship with the KNL found in the Holy Quran.In this article the similarities and differences in the two objects that will be examined are explained properly.This HNL script has similarities with KNL in the Holy Quran such as Prophet Lot was instructed by Allah SWT to preach his people such as about leaving their indecent behaviors; the arrival of the Angels at Prophet Lot’s home, Prophet Lot was expelled by his people, and punishment for the Sodomites. The differences only lie in the beginning of the story and at the end of the story of Prophet Lot.  Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan hubungan intertekstual, hipogram, dan transformasi pada naskah Hikayat Nabi Lot (yang selanjutnya disingkat HNL) dengan Kisah Nabi Lot (yang selanjutnya disingkat KNL) dalam Alquran dan juga kaitannya dengan fenomena LGBT di Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam artikel ini, yaitu (1) Bagaimana hubungan intertekstual antara HNL dengan KNL dalam Alquran?, (2) Bagaimana persamaan dan perbedaan HNL dan KNL dalam Alquran?, (3) Apa yang menjadi latar belakang penciptaan HNL? Artikel ini membuktikan bahwa naskah kuno yang berjudul HNL merupakan hipogram dan transformasi dari KNL yang terdapat dalam Alquran. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah analisis konten karena penulis bermaksud menafsirkan peristiwa yang terdapat dalam HNL dan kemudian menelusuri hubungan intertekstualnya dengan KNL yang terdapat dalam Alquran. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang persamaan dan perbedaan pada kedua objek yang akan di kaji. Naskah HNL memiliki persamaan dengan KNL dalam Alquran. Nabi Lot diperintahkan Allah SWT untuk berdakwah kepada kaumnya agar mau meninggalkan perilaku menyimpang, kedatangan para Malaikat ke rumah Nabi Lot, Nabi Lot diusir oleh kaumnya, dan hukuman bagi kaum Sodom. Adapun perbedaannya hanya terletak pada awal kisah dan akhir cerita Nabi Lot as. w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="

التطور الدلالي لمفهوم الألفاظ الحميرية واللهجات اليمانية القديمة في معاني القرآن الكريم/ Semantic development of the meaning of Himyarite words and the Ancient Yemeni dialects in the meanings of the Holy Quran

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaynah Hussein Al-Qahṭānī ◽  
Asem Ali
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Modern Time ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Semantic Development ◽  
The Holy Quran

ملخص البحث:  لقد خاض كثير من العلماء في خضم معركة الآراء التي دارت قديماً وحديثاً حول العلاقة بين العربية الشمالية واليمنية القديمة، ويأتي حكم أبي عمرو بن العلاء في مقدمة تلك الأحكام؛ فهو يرى أن الحميرية شيء والعربية شيء آخر، ومن قول أبي عمرو، وكان لهذا الحكم أثره الكبير في أفكار بعض علماء اللغة العربية القدامى وغيرهم ممن خاض في هذا الميدان؛ فاللغة اليمنية القديمة ليست لغة أعجمية، وليست هي نفسها عربية القرآن الفصحى المتوارثة بين الأجيال. تتبع الدراسة المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي، ويهدف البحث إلى استعراض أبرز المفردات الحميرية التي وردت في النقوش اليمانية ووردت ألفاظها ومعانيها في القرآن الكريم. توصلت الدراسة إلى ما يأتي: اندماج اللغة اليمنية في اللغة الحميرية وحملتها معها في ألفاظ القرآن الكريم، إن أبرز المفردات الحميرية التي وردت في النقوش اليمانية وردت ألفاظها ومعانيها في القرآن الكريم، إن أصول اللهجات اليمانية لها علاقة بالعربية الفصحى، وأن معاني المفردات في عامية أهل اليمن ودلالة الألفاظ الحميرية واللهجات اليمانية قد وردت في القرآن الكريم. الكلمات المفتاحية: التطور الدلالي-الألفاظ الحميرية-النقوش اليمانية-معاني المفردات. Abstract Many scholars have tried to contribute in the battle of views that have been going on traditionally and in modern time on the relation between the Northern Arabic and the ancient Yemeni dialect, and the opinion of Abu ʽAmru bin Al-ʽAlā' came at the top of those views. He saw that the Himyarite language and Arabic are two different entities, and this view had echoes in the thoughts of some traditional Arabic scholars and others who have been dwelling on this topic. Ancient Yemeni dialect is not a foreign dialect but at the same time is not the inherited Quranic Arabic as it is known. The study follows a descriptive analytical method and it aims to showcase the most prominent Himyarite words that were found in the Yemeni inscriptions and were also found in the Holy Quran. The study concluded with the followings;  a merging took place between the Yemeni language and the Himyarite language and subsequently with the vocabularies of the Quran; that the meaning of the most prominent Himyarite words in the Yemeni inscriptions were also mentioned in the Holy Quran; that the origin of the Yemeni dialects was related to the Standard Arabic; that the meanings of the words of the dialect of Yemenis and the meaning of Himyarite words alongside with other Yemeni dialects have been mentioned in the Quran. Keywords: Semantic development – Himyarite vocabularies – Yemeni Inscriptions – Meanings of words   Abstrak Sejumlah besar para cediakawan telah cuba untuk menyumbang dalam perdebatan pendapat yang telah berlarutan sekian lama sehinggalah ke zaman moden ini berkenaan dengan hubungkait antara loghat Arab utara dan loghat Yaman kuno serta pendapat Abu ‘Amru bin Al-‘AlÉ’ yang merupakan pendapat yang paling terkemuka di antaranya. Beliau berpendapat bahawa bahasa Himyar dan bahasa Arab adalah merupakan bahasa yang berbeza dan pendapat ini telah memberi kesan dalam pemikiran sebahagian ahli bahasa tradisional dan yang lain-lain yang membahaskan isu ini. Loghat kuno Yemen bukanlah satu dialek asing tetapi pada masa yang sama ia juga bukanlah bahasa warisan Al-Quran yang diketahui umum. Kajian ini mengikut pendekatan deskriptif analitikal dan bertujuan untuk mengetengahkan perkataan-perkataan Himyar yang penting yang ditemukan di batu-batu bersurat Yemen dan juga ditemukan di dalam Al-Quran. Kajian ini merumuskan perkara-perkara berikut: terjadi penggabungan antara bahasa Yemen dan Himyar dan seterusnya di antara perkataa-perkataan di dalam Al-Quran; maksud kebanuakan perkataan yang ditemukan dalam batu-batu bersurat itu juga turut disebut dalam Al-Quran; asal loghat-loghat Yemen ini juga mempunyai kaitan dengan Bahasa Arab Standard; terdapat di anatara maksud perkataan loghat Yemen  and maksud perkataan-perkataan Himyar di samping loghat-loghat Yemen yang lain yang turut tersebut dalam Al-Quran. Kata kunci: Perkembangan semantik – Perkataan Himyar – Batu bersurat Yemen  -Maksud perkataan

الفرائد الواردة في سياق الحديث عن الإعراض عن القرآن الكريم

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
د. محمود علي عثمان عثمان
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Semantic Consistency ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Descriptive Method

يهدف البحث إلى: الكشف عن ظاهرة التمكّن الدلالي للفرائد القرآنية الواردة في سياق الحديث عن القرآن الكريم، وهي ظاهرة تعكس إعجازه البياني في أسلوبه، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فقد سلك الباحث المنهج التحليلي اللغوي، والمنهج الوصفي، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أنّ ظاهرة التمكّن الدّلالي للفرائد القرآنية ترتبط بالعلاقات بين البُنى المتوالية للسورة -الواردة فيها الفريدة-بأكملها على وفق: مناسبة دلالة الفريدة معجميا، لسياقها الذي استدعاها، وهاتان العلاقتان مجتمعتان مكّنتا الفريدة دلاليا من التفرّد في سياقها بحيث تؤدّي المعنى المراد كله بدقة ولا يغني غيرُها من مرادفاتها غناءَها، ليثبت بذلك بناؤها واتّساقها الفني وفيضها المتجدد من الظلال والمعاني والدلالات التي تتّسع وتنمو وتفيض وتتجدّد بتدبّر هذه الفرائد، وأوصت الدراسة بمواصلة رَصْد ظاهرة التمكّن الدلالي للفرائد القرآنية الواردة في موضوعات أخرى، وتجديد قراءتنا للقرآن الكريم ومدارسته بما يحقق تدبّره. The purpose of the research is to highlight the phenomenon of the semantic mastery of the Quranic uniques in the context of the Holy Quran, a phenomenon that reflects its graphic miracles in its style and aims to reveal its significance to the purposes of the Holy Quran and its Surah's, to achieve the aim of the study: the researcher used the linguistic analytical method and the descriptive method, the study concluded in its results to phenomenon of the artistic semantic consistency of the Qur'anic authors is related to the relations between the successive structures of the surah - in which the unique - whole is presented according to: a unique and lexical connotation of the context in which they were called, the purpose of the sura and the purposes of the Qur'an, so that the meaning of the whole meaning accurately and does not enrich other synonyms singing, to prove the building and artistic consistency and its renewed flow of shadows and meanings and meanings that expand and grow and overflowing and renewed by meditating in these uniques, the study recommended the continuation of monitoring the phenomenon of semantic mastery of Quranic Uniques mentioned in other subjects and renewal of our reading of the Holy Quran and study it to achieve its meditation.

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