scholarly journals The Neuromediator Glutamate, through Specific Substrate Interactions, Enhances Mitochondrial ATP Production and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Nonsynaptic Brain Mitochondria

2009 ◽  
Vol 284 (21) ◽  
pp. 14448-14456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Panov ◽  
Peter Schonfeld ◽  
Sergey Dikalov ◽  
Richelle Hemendinger ◽  
Herbert L. Bonkovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Brain Mitochondria ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Substrate Interactions ◽  
Atp Production

scholarly journals LPS from P. gingivalis Negatively Alters Gingival Cell Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Napa ◽  
Andrea C. Baeder ◽  
Jeffrey E. Witt ◽  
Sarah T. Rayburn ◽  
Madison G. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Lps Treatment

Objective. Oral inflammatory pathologies are linked to increased oxidative stress, thereby partly explaining their relevance in the etiology of systemic disorders. The purpose of this work was to determine the degree to which LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis, the primary pathogen related to oral inflammation, altered gingival mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species generation. Methods. Human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide of P. gingivalis. Mitochondrial function was determined via high-resolution respirometry. Results. LPS-treated HGF-1 cells had significantly higher mitochondrial complex IV and higher rates of mitochondrial respiration. However, this failed to translate into greater ATP production, as ATP production was paradoxically diminished with LPS treatment. Nevertheless, production of the reactive H2O2 was elevated with LPS treatment. Conclusions. LPS elicits an increase in gingival cell mitochondria content, with a subsequent increase in reactive oxygen species production (i.e., H2O2), despite a paradoxical reduction in ATP generation. These findings provide an insight into the nature of oxidative stress in oral inflammatory pathologies.

Роль оксида азота в реализации антиоксидантного эффекта неопиатного аналога лей-энкефалина в сердце новорожденных белых крыс

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Oxide System ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

The eff ect of the non-opiate analog of leu-enkephalin (peptide NALE: Phe – D – Ala – Gly – Phe – Leu – Arg) on the reactive oxygen species generation in the heart of albino rats in the early postnatal period was studied. Peptide NALE was administered intraperitoneally in the dose of 100 μ/kg daily from 2 to 6 days of life. Reactive oxygen species generation was assessed by chemiluminescence in the heart homogenates of 7-day-old animals. Decreasing of reactive oxygen species generation nearly by 30 % and an increasing in antioxidant system activity by the 20-27 %, compared with the control parameters, were found. The antioxidant eff ect of peptide NALE is associated with the presence of the amino acid Arg in the structure of the peptide. An analogue of NALE peptide, devoid of Arg (peptide Phe – D – Ala – Gly – Phe – Leu – Gly), had a signifi cant lower antioxidant eff ect. The NO-synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in the dose 50 mg/kg, administered with NALE peptide, reduced the severity of the NALE antioxidant eff ect. The results of the study suggest that the pronounced antioxidant eff ect of NALE peptide in the heart of albino rats, at least in part, is due to the interaction with the nitric oxide system.

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