scholarly journals Regulation of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (41) ◽  
pp. 29910-29918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz E. Rendon ◽  
Thierry Roger ◽  
Ivo Teneng ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Yousef Al-Abed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell ◽  
Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell

Astragalus Polysaccharide (PG2) Suppresses Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Aggressiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 1491-1509
Author(s):  
Chien-Huang Liao ◽  
Chen-Yin Yong ◽  
Gi-Ming Lai ◽  
Jyh-Ming Chow ◽  
Chieh-Fang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Astragalus membranaceus is the most popular traditional Chinese medicine for managing vital energy deficiency. Its injectable polysaccharide PG2 has been used for relieving cancer-related fatigue, and PG2 has immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we explored the effects of PG2 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 and CL1-2 cells and investigated its anticancer activity, and the results were validated in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Although PG2 did not inhibit the growth of these cells, it dose-dependently suppressed their migration and invasion, accompanied by reduced vimentin and AXL and induced epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) expression. Regarding the underlying molecular mechanism, PG2 treatment reduced the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an inflammatory cytokine that promotes the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and aggressiveness of cancer cells. Consistent with the previous finding that MIF regulates matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), treatment with PG2 reduced MMP-13 and activated AMPK in A549 and CL1-2 cells in this study. In SCID mice injected with A549 cells through the tail vein, intraperitoneal injection with PG2 reduced lung and abdominal metastases in parallel with decreased immunohistochemical staining of AXL, vimentin, MMP-13, and MIF in the tumor. Collectively, data revealed a potential application of PG2 in integrative cancer treatment through the suppression of MIF in cancer cells and their aggressiveness.

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