Female-Specific Restriction Fragments Revealed by Dna-Fingerprinting and Implications for Extra-Pair Fertilisations in the Short-Tailed Shearwater (Puffinus-Tenuirostris, Procellariiformes, Procellariidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Austin ◽  
DT Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Specific Restriction ◽  
Puffinus Tenuirostris ◽  
Female Specific

We report a female-specific restriction fragment in the DNA fingerprints of short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) that hybridises to a derivative of the human multilocus minisatellite probe 33.6. This genetic method of assigning sex has relevance to studies of population biology, reproductive success and mating systems in this species. The presence or absence of the female-specific restriction fragment has allowed us to reinterpret results from a previous DNA fingerprinting study of mating systems in the short-tailed shearwater.

DNA fingerprinting in reptiles: Bkm hybridization patterns in Crocodilia and Chelonia

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Demas ◽  
Stephen Wachtel
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
W Chromosome ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Tetranucleotide Repeat ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Potential Value

The simple tetranucleotide repeat GATA (GACA) occurs in all eukaryotes so far studied. In many species, the arrangement of these sequences varies considerably among individuals. Thus GATA (GACA) type probes produce DNA fingerprints when hybridized with restricted DNA from different individuals within a species. Banded krait minor (Bkm) satellite DNA (related to sequences originally recovered from the W chromosome of the banded krait and consisting essentially of a series of GATA repeats) is found in a wide spectrum of vertebrates and invertebrates. We used the Bkm 2(8) clone to evaluate the occurrence of this satellite in DNA from five species of Crocodilia and six species of Chelonia, including the sea turtles Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys kempi. Well-resolved DNA fingerprints were obtained. Among the crocodilians, fewer restriction fragments were generated and fewer of the fragments were polymorphic, than among the chelonians, consistent with the view that the crocodilians are less divergent within species. The Bkm 2(8) clone can accordingly be used to advantage in individual, familial, and population studies, and perhaps in the evaluation of taxonomic relationships in these animals. This is of potential value in endangered species such as C. mydas and L. kempi.Key words: DNA fingerprinting, Bkm satellite, reptiles.

DNA fingerprinting.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1832-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Cawood
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Forensic Biology ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Individual Specificity ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Abstract Hypervariable tandem-repetitive minisatellite regions of human DNA can be used to generate individual-specific DNA fingerprints. Validation studies have demonstrated the reliability of the analysis, the mode of inheritance of the minisatellites, and the unparalleled degree of individual specificity. The uses of hypervariable probes in forensic biology, paternity testing, and the resolution of a wide range of problems in genetics, molecular biology, population biology, and medicine are illustrated.

Sex-Specific Restriction Fragments and Sex Ratios Revealed by DNA Fingerprinting in the Brown Skua

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Millar ◽  
D. M. Lambert ◽  
A. R. Bellamy ◽  
P. M. Stapleton ◽  
E. C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Brown Skua ◽  
Specific Restriction

High Levels of Genetic Variability in an Isolated Colony of Rock-wallabies (Petrogale assimilis): Evidence from Three Classes of Molecular Markers

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. S. Spencer ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Helene Marsh ◽  
David J. Miller ◽  
Mark D. B. Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Average Heterozygosity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level

Estimates of genetic variation for a small (Ne = 39) colony of allied rock-wallabies (Petrogale assimilis) were calculated with three different categories of molecular marker. Average heterozygosity was estimated at 3·8% for allozymes, 47·3% for multilocus ‘DNA fingerprints’ and 85·5% for microsatellite markers. Overall these values indicate that this small isolated colony of rock-wallabies maintains a high level of genetic variation despite its relative isolation and the apparently low levels of migration between colonies. It is likely that mechanisms exist (such as kin avoidance, multiple mating systems, high and variable selective pressure in extreme and fluctuating environmental conditions) that promote the maintenance of high levels of genetic variation in isolated colonies of P. assimilis. These mechanisms are discussed in the context of the results obtained from the molecular markers.

Detection of polymorphisms among Theileria parva stocks using repetitive, telomeric and ribosomal DNA probes and anti-schizont monoclonal antibodies

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Bishop ◽  
B. K. Sohanpal ◽  
B. A. Allsopp ◽  
P. R. Spooner ◽  
T. T. Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Theileria Parva ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Synthetic Oligonucleotide

SummaryA total of 21 Theileria parva stocks from 6 countries were characterized using T. parva repetitive and ribosomal DNA probes, a Plasmodium berghei telomeric oligonucleotide and a panel of anti-schizont monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Hybridization of the repetitive DNA probe to Southern blots of EcoRI-digested T. parva DNA revealed 20 different restriction fragment patterns among DNA samples isolated from infections initiated using 16 parasite stocks. The panel of anti-schizont MAbs defined 8 different profiles among schizont-infected lymphoblastoid cell-cultures infected with the same 16 T. parva stocks. Many stocks, which were differentiated by the repetitive DNA probe, could not be distinguished using the anti-schizont MAbs. A cloned T. parva small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSUrRNA) gene probe separated 17 T. parva stocks into 2 groups, exhibiting either 1 or 2 restriction fragments, when hybridized to EcoRI-digested T. parva DNA. When hybridized to PvuII-digested DNA from 8 T. parva stocks, the ribosomal probe identified 4 groups with similar restriction fragment patterns. A synthetic oligonucleotide derived from a P. berghei telomeric sequence hybridized to 7 or 8 size-polymorphic restriction fragments in the EcoRI-digested DNA of most T. parva stocks. The telomeric and ribosomal probes defined the same 4 groups among 8 T. parva stocks as assessed by similarities in restriction fragment patterns. Based on the comparison of repetitive DNA sequences from the T. parva Uganda and Muguga stocks, a synthetic oligonucleotide was developed which distinguished the DNA of the T. parva Uganda stock from that of 4 other T. parva stocks on a positive/negative basis.

Heat-shock protein 70 PCR-RFLP: a universal simple tool for Leishmania species discrimination in the New and Old World

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. MONTALVO ◽  
J. FRAGA ◽  
L. MONZOTE ◽  
I. MONTANO ◽  
S. DE DONCKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Specific Restriction ◽  
Species Specific

SUMMARYIntroduction. Species typing in leishmaniasis gains importance in diagnostics, epidemiology, and clinical studies. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of PCR amplicons from a partial heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70) had been described for the New World, allowing identification of some species. Methods. Based on an initial in silico analysis of 51 hsp70 sequences, most of which we recently determined in the frame of a phylogenetic study, species-specific restriction sites were identified. These were tested by PCR-RFLP on 139 strains from 14 species, thereby documenting both inter- and intra-species variability. Results. Our assay could identify Leishmania infantum, L. donovani, L. tropica, L. aethiopica, L. major, L. lainsoni, L. naiffi, L. braziliensis, L. peruviana, L. guyanensis, and L. panamensis by applying 2 subsequent digests. L. mexicana, L. amazonensis, and L. garnhami did not generate species-specific restriction fragment patterns. Conclusion. Currently no assay is available for global Leishmania species discrimination. We present a universal PCR-RFLP method allowing identification of most medically relevant Old and New World Leishmania species on the basis of a single PCR, obviating the need to perform separate PCRs. The technique is simple to perform and can be implemented in all settings where PCR is available.

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