Evolution in New-Guinean Muridae (Rodentia) Assessed by Microcomplement Fixation of Albumin

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHS Watts ◽  
PR Baverstock
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Third ◽  
Microcomplement Fixation

The interrelationships of 19 genera and 28 species of New Guinean rodents representing 80% of the currently recognised New Guinean genera, were studied using microcomplement fixation of albumin to measure immunological distances among genera. The phylogenetic distinctiveness of Rattus and the closely related Stenomys from all other genera was confirmed. The remaining genera fall into three groups: (i) Lorentzimys; (ii) Anisomys, Coccymys, Chiruromys, Hyomys, Macruromys, Mallomys and Pogonomys; and (iii) Crossomys, Hydromys, Leptomys, Mayermys, Melomys, Neohydromys, Parahydromys, Pseudohydromys and Uromys. Solomys, from the Solomon islands, and Leggadina, Mesembriomys and Xeromys, from Australia, were shown to belong to this latter group. Groups (i) and (ii) are essentially endemic to New Guinea, while the third shares genera and species with Australia.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence Analysis of First Ross River Virus Isolate from Papua New Guinea Indicates Long-Term, Local Evolution

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Alice Michie ◽  
John S. Mackenzie ◽  
David W. Smith ◽  
Allison Imrie
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Ross River Virus ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Mean Time

Ross River virus (RRV) is the most medically significant mosquito-borne virus of Australia, in terms of human morbidity. RRV cases, characterised by febrile illness and potentially persistent arthralgia, have been reported from all Australian states and territories. RRV was the cause of a large-scale epidemic of multiple Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) from 1979 to 1980, involving at least 50,000 cases. Historical evidence of RRV seropositivity beyond Australia, in populations of Papua New Guinea (PNG), Indonesia and the Solomon Islands, has been documented. We describe the genomic characterisation and timescale analysis of the first isolate of RRV to be sampled from PNG to date. Our analysis indicates that RRV has evolved locally within PNG, independent of Australian lineages, over an approximate 40 year period. The mean time to most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of the unique PNG clade coincides with the initiation of the PICTs epidemic in mid-1979. This may indicate that an ancestral variant of the PNG clade was seeded into the region during the epidemic, a period of high RRV transmission. Further epidemiological and molecular-based surveillance is required in PNG to better understand the molecular epidemiology of RRV in the general Australasian region.

Classification of Au Myths

1972 ◽  
Vol os-19 (5) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
David Scorza
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The Third ◽  
Crosscultural Communication

Folklore among the Au of Papua New Guinea takes three forms: Tipiitim Tipiir, tales told the ancestors by the spirits; Tipiitim Herwe, tales invented by the ancestors; and Him, tales invented by the older men. The first are basically etiological, the second provide emotional release and entertainment, and the third show attempts to cope with the cultural flux which followed the arrival of Europeans. Certain Scriptural parallels are explored, with their implications for crosscultural communication of the gospel.

Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus. [Distribution map].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus Viruses: Tenuivirus. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, Darussalam, China, India, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Java, Nusa, Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Kyushu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, OCEANIA, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.

Dysdercus sidae. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dysdercus sidae Montr. (D. insular is Stål) (Hemipt., Pyrrhocoridae). Host Plants: Cotton, kapok, Hibiscus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALASIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Fiji, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Niue, Papua & New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Wallis Islands, Irian Jaya.

Cercospora mikaniicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Mikania Micrantha

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora mikaniicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mikania cordata, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae). DISEASE: Leaf spot and stem canker. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cuba, Colombia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Malaysia, Niue, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, USA (Florida), Vanuatu. TRANSMISSION: Conidia are presumably air-dispersed but there are no detailed studies.

Cochliobolus eragrostidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus eragrostidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Agave, Allium, Alysicarpus, Amorphophallus, Anacardium, Arachis, Areca, Billbergia, Calamus, Callitris, Calotropis, Camellia, Cananga, Capsicum, Citrullus, Citrus, Clerodendron, Cocos, Coffea, Colocasia, Cymbopogon, Dendrobium, Digitaria, Dioscorea, Dracaena, Durio, Elaeis, Eragrostis, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Furcraea, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gossypium, Heliconia, Hevea, Hystrix, Ipomoea, Kaempferia, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Manihot, Mystroxylon, Musa, Neyraudia, Oldenlandia, Opuntia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Pentas, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Pinus, Polygala, Pueraria, Raphia, Raphanus, Rhodomyrtus, Rhoeo, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Spinacia, Sporobolus, Stylosanthes, Theobroma, Thrasya, Tradescantia, Trichosanthes, Triplochiton, Triticum, Vanda, Vigna, Zea, Zingiber and soil. DISEASE: Leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Burma, Colombia, Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Trinidad, USA, Zambia, Zaire. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia.

The Decolonisation of the Pacific Islands

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Aldrich
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The United States ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
Caroline Islands ◽  
Foreign Control

At the end of the Second World War, the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia were all under foreign control. The Netherlands retained West New Guinea even while control of the rest of the Dutch East Indies slipped away, while on the other side of the South Pacific, Chile held Easter Island. Pitcairn, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Fiji and the Solomon Islands comprised Britain's Oceanic empire, in addition to informal overlordship of Tonga. France claimed New Caledonia, the French Establishments in Oceania (soon renamed French Polynesia) and Wallis and Futuna. The New Hebrides remained an Anglo-French condominium; Britain, Australia and New Zealand jointly administered Nauru. The United States' territories included older possessions – the Hawaiian islands, American Samoa and Guam – and the former Japanese colonies of the Northern Marianas, Mar-shall Islands and Caroline Islands administered as a United Nations trust territory. Australia controlled Papua and New Guinea (PNG), as well as islands in the Torres Strait and Norfolk Island; New Zealand had Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. No island group in Oceania, other than New Zealand, was independent.

scholarly journals Biodiversity Inventory and Distribution of Metriorrhynchina Net-Winged Beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae), with the Identification of Generic Ranges

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Ladislav Bocak ◽  
Michal Motyka ◽  
Dominik Kusy ◽  
Renata Bilkova
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Biodiversity Inventory ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Northern Edge

We reviewed the species-level classification of Metriorrhynchina net-winged beetles to make the group accessible for further studies. Altogether, 876 valid species are listed in a checklist along with known synonyms, combinations, and distribution data. The compilation of geographic distribution showed that Metriorrhynchina is distributed mainly in the Australian region with very high diversity in the islands at the northern edge of the Australian craton, i.e., in the Moluccas and New Guinea (54 and 423 spp. respectively). The neighboring northern part of the Australian continent houses a majority of known Australian species (112 spp.) and the diversity of net-winged beetles gradually decreases to the south (43 spp.). The fauna of Sulawesi is highly endemic at the generic level (4 of 10 genera, 67 of 84 spp.). Less Metriorrhynchina occur in the Solomon Islands and Oceania (in total 22 spp.). The Oriental Metriorrhynchina fauna consists of a few genera and a limited number of species, and most of these are known from the Philippines (51 of 94 Oriental spp.). We identified a high species level turn-over between all neighboring landmasses. The genus-level endemism is high in Sulawesi (4 genera) and New Guinea (11 genera), but only a single genus is endemic to Australia. During the compilation of the checklist, we identified some homonyms, and we propose the following replacement names and a new synonym: Metriorrhynchus pseudobasalis, nom. nov. for M. basalis Lea, 1921 nec M. basalis Bourgeois, 1911; Metriorrhynchus pseudofunestus, nom. nov. for M. funestus Lea, 1921 nec M. funestus (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), Trichalus pseudoternatensis, nom. nov. for T. ternatensis Kleine, 1930 nec T. ternatensis Bourgeois, 1900, Procautires subparallelus, nom. nov. for P. parallelus (Pic, 1926) nec P. parallelus (Bourgeois, 1883), and Cautires pseudocorporaali, nom. nov. for C. corporaali (Pic, 1921: 12), (formerly Odontocerus and Cladophorus) nec C. corporaali (Pic, 1921) (formerly Bulenides, later Cautires). Diatrichalus biroi Kleine, 1943, syn. nov. is proposed as a junior subjective synonym of D. subarcuatithorax (Pic, 1926). Altogether, 161 new combinations are proposed, and 47 species earlier placed in Xylobanus Waterhouse, 1879 transferred from Cautirina to Metriorrhynchina incertae sedis. The study clarifies the taxonomy of Metriorrhynchini and should serve as a restarting point for further taxonomic, evolutionary, and biogeographic studies.

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