Ultrastructural Studies on Kronborgia (Platyhelminthes, Fecampiidae) - the Differentiated Vitellocyte of Kronborgia-Isopodicola Blair and Williams

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Williams
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Yolk Granules ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Cellular Autophagy ◽  
Parasitic Female ◽  
Myelin Figures

In the adult parasitic female form of K. isopodicola, the vitellocyte cytoplasm contains yolk platelets, lipid bodies, glycogen, myelin figures and mitochondria. The platelets consist of an outer granular zone and an opaque core. All platelets are surrounded by several membranes. Many are cloven into segments by fissures containing membranes. Frequently, small peripheral fragments of the granular zone are pared away, and the core undergoes fragmentation by the same process. Spherical dense bodies are found in the cytoplasm. During the cocoon phase, the platelets are often intricately fragmented, and many pieces are paracrystalline. In the newly deposited egg, many platelets comprise only core segments, which are typically paracrystalline, frequently polygonal, and enveloped by multiple membranes. Spherical dense bodies are not encountered at this stage. The platelets are unlike the 'yolk globules' of Digenea, but are similar to vitelline platelets described for polyclads. In morphology and mode of utilisation they bear some resemblance to yolk granules of Amphibia. The membranes are interpreted as isolating membranes of cellular autophagy. Glycogen synthesis is related to autophagic events involved in yolk degradation. The spherical bodies probably represent eggshell granules; complex shell granules, characteristic of other platyhelminths, were not observed in K. isopodicola.

Bonafide Substructure in the Core of Ferritin

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
William H. Massover
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Central Cavity ◽  
Amplitude Image ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Hydrated Ferric Oxide ◽  
Imaging Artifact ◽  
Contrast Image ◽  
Protein Shell ◽  
Regular Patterns

Each molecule of ferritin (d = 130Å) contains a core of iron surrounded by a 24-subunit protein shell. The amount of iron stored is variable and is present within the central cavity (d = 80Å) as a hydrated ferric oxide equivalent to the mineral, ferrihydrite. Many early ultrastructural studies of ferritin detected regular patterns of a multiparticulate substructure in the iron-rich core [e.g., 3,4], Each small particle was termed a “micelle“; a theory became widely accepted that a core consisted of up to six micelles positioned at the vertices of an octahedron. Other workers recognized that the apparent micelles were smaller or even disappeared if images were recorded closer to exact focus [e.g., 5]. In 1969, Haydon clearly established that the observed substructure was really an imaging artifact; each apparent micelle was only a dot in the underfocused phase contrast image of the supporting film superimposed on the amplitude image of the strongly scattering metal.

Lipids in the Human Oocyte

1961 ◽  
Vol s3-102 (59) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
SARDUL SINGH GURAYA
Keyword(s):  
Human Oocyte ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Yolk Granules ◽  
L1 And L2

The cytoplasm of the human oocyte contains two categories of lipid bodies that are here called L1 and L2 for the sake of brevity. The L1 granules and spheres consist of phospholipids and triglycerides. The L2 bodies occur as aggregations of granules or fenestrated plates, consisting of phospholipids. The yolk granules are made up of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Ultrastructural Studies on the Effects of Korean Panax Ginseng on the Theca Interna of Rat Ovary

1979 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moo Rim Byung
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
Theca Interna ◽  
Morphologic Changes

An investigation was conducted to delineate the fine structure of steroid-producing ovarian theca interna cells following administration of Korean Panax ginseng to rats for 60 days. The cytoplasmic changes were observed in the ginseng-treated theca interna cells, increased number, size and density of the mitochondria, and increased size of the smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. The nucleus and nucleolus were slightly enlarged and increased numbers of dense bodies were seen whereas lipid droplets were decreased in number. The changes may result from hyperfunction of the steroid-producing cells. Morphologic changes seen may represent stimulating effects on the steroid-producing cells of the theca interna in ginseng-treated animals.

The ultrastructure of the intestine of the redia of Parorchis acanthus Nicoll (Digenea: Philophthalmidae) from the digestive gland of Nucella lapillus L

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Nucella Lapillus ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Basal Plasma Membrane ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Parorchis Acanthus

SUMMARYThe intestine of the redia of Parorchis acanthus is lined by a gastrodermis and surrounded by inner longitudinal and outer circular muscles. The gastrodermis consists of alternating rings of dense and lucent cells of similar dimensions, with similar nuclei and with microvilli on the lumenal surface. The dense cells contain ribosomes, dense secretion bodies, vesicles and a few lipid bodies. Ribosomes, dense bodies and lipids are absent from the lucent cells but vesicles are present which, as in the dense cells, pass along the microvilli to be discharged into the lumen. Both types of cells are secretory, absorptive and transportive. The lucent cells, in addition, store glycogen in areas of the cytoplasm devoid of organelles. Tips of processes from the parenchyma cells are engulfed in pockets in the basal plasma membrane, of both, facilitating transport of nutrients from the gastrodermis directly into the parenchyma

Membranous Cytoplasmic Bodies in the Lateral Wall of the Cat Cochlea

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Watanabe ◽  
Atsushi Komatsuzaki
Keyword(s):  
Stria Vascularis ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Spiral Ligament ◽  
Phagocytic Function ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cytoplasmic Bodies ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Intermediate Cells

Membranous cytoplasmic bodies (MCBs) were observed both in the intermediate cells of the stria vascularis and in the fibrocytes of the spiral ligament in normal cats. The MCBs in the intermediate cells were round or ovoid, ranged from 1 to 5 μm in diameter, and consisted of 2 to 40 or more layers disposed concentrically about a core. The core was composed of not only cytoplasm but also of mitochondria in various stages of disintegration, empty vacuoles, and many kinds of dense bodies similar to lysosomes. The MCBs in the fibrocytes were similar to those in the intermediate cells, but they were a little smaller in diameter and consisted of fewer than 10 layers. Both in the intermediate cells and in the fibrocytes, MCBs seem to have a phagocytic function.

Lipid bodies in coral-dinoflagellate endosymbiosis: Proteomic and ultrastructural studies

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 3540-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-En Peng ◽  
Wan-Nan U. Chen ◽  
Hung-Kai Chen ◽  
Chi-Yu Lu ◽  
Anderson B. Mayfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

Studies of the powdery-mildew fungus, Leveillula taurica, on green pepper. II. Light and electron microscopic observation of the infection process

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (22) ◽  
pp. 2501-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kunoh ◽  
Mitsuru Kohno ◽  
Sadayoshi Tashiro ◽  
Hiroshi Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Leveillula Taurica ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungi

Almost all ultrastructural studies of powdery-mildew fungi have been focused on the epiparasitic fungi. In this paper, one of the endoparasitic powdery-mildew fungi, Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn., on green pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill.) leaves was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Most germinated conidia formed a lobed adhesion body (similar to the appressorium in morphology but different in function) before stomatal invasion. The track of the adhesion body on the leaf epidermis was depressed, and no cuticular perforations were observed in it. After stomatal invasion, infection hyphae grew extensively into the intercellular spaces of the leaves and formed haustoria in the spongy- and palisade-parenchyma cells. The haustorium was flask shaped with a neck arising from the intercellular hypha. The overall profiles of the haustorium resembled those of epiphytic powdery-mildew fungi of other authors; the haustorium was composed of a nucleate central body and many anucleate lobes, and the entire structure was bounded by an extrahaustorial membrane. Papillae consisting of three distinct regions formed against the outer cell walls at the site of penetration. The most obvious alteration in infected host cells was a marked increase in the number of large lipid bodies. Lipid bodies increased in number with time after haustorial formation. They appeared first in the host cytoplasm near the extrahaustorial membrane, then in the extrahaustorial matrix and haustorial body.

scholarly journals Roles and origins of leukocyte lipid bodies: proteomic and ultrastructural studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao‐Ching Wan ◽  
Rossana C. N. Melo ◽  
Zhoung Jin ◽  
Ann M. Dvorak ◽  
Peter F. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

An ultrastructural study of Triticum monococcum cell suspension cultures during aging and after treatment with the herbicide Diclofop-methyl (methyl-2-(4-(2′,4′-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propanoate)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (19) ◽  
pp. 2006-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Davis ◽  
Aurelia Brezeanu
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Myelin Figures ◽  
In Cells

Cell suspensions from root-derived callus tissues of Triticum monococcum L. were examined during growth and senescence. The fine structure of control cultures was compared with the ultrastructural modifications in cultures treated with the compound, methyl-2-(4-(2′,4′-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propanoate (Diclofop-methyl). The control cell suspensions were observed during the cell division phase, the log phase, and the early stationary phase of growth. Senescence is characterized by a loss of ribosomes, alteration of internal membranes of the plastids, vesiculation, formation of granular material in the cytoplasm, rupture of the tonoplast, and an increase in number of lipid bodies. Cells in advanced stages of senescence had few organelles, but rather the cytoplasm consisted almost exclusively of lipid bodies and vesicles. The fine structure of the nuclei and mitochondria was least affected during aging. The ultrastructural effects of herbicide treatment did not completely parallel those of senescing cells, although any distinctions were difficult to sort out. The intensity of herbicide damage depended on both concentration and time (and undoubtedly the physiological state of any particular cell at the time of treatment). Low concentrations (4 μM) at 12 h resulted in plastid damage (analogous to chloroplast damage in photosynthetic tissues treated with herbicides) and in the formation of some myelin figures. At 20 μM concentration for 12 h, very extensive formation of myelin figures was observed in all cells. By 70 h, cells treated with 4 μM herbicide ranged from those with little or no damage to cells with extensive vesicle formation. In contrast, all cells treated with 20 μM herbicide at 70 h were damaged greatly. Some nuclei were present, although the nuclear envelopes were altered. Most organelles were barely recognizable. Extensive vesiculation and lipid formation occurred. These effects were more pronounced in cells treated with 40 μM herbicide at 70 h than in cells treated with lesser concentrations for shorter times. In this case, some organelles were recognizable (plastids and mitochondria) but they were abnormal in that the contents were often granular with only remnants of membranes. Some cells appeared as though the physiological processes were stopped so rapidly that hydrolytic enzymes could not function totally.

The fine structure of conidium development in Phialocephala dimorphospora

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2119-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Carroll ◽  
Fanny E. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Conidium Formation ◽  
Secondary Conidium ◽  
Apical Vesicles ◽  
Myelin Figures ◽  
Primary Conidium

Sequential developmental stages from synchronously sporulating cultures of Phialocephala dimorphospora Kendrick have been examined. Apical vesicles characterize growth of the primary conidium. These are not, however, seen during secondary conidium formation; instead, large vesicles containing minute membrane fragments develop just below the phialide neck and contribute to wall formation as they fuse with the plasmalemma. The occurrence of microtubules in the neck of the phialide is restricted to primary conidium formation. Just as the primary conidial initial begins to swell, electron-dense granules 50-75 nm in diameter arise in association with the plasmalemma. Such granules are not seen during secondary conidium formation; they are thought to be involved in pigment deposition in the collarette. During both primary and secondary conidium production the conidia go through a sequence of maturation in which the cytoplasm becomes very dense and contains lipid bodies and flocculent aggregations of electron-transparent granules. Subsequently the conidia become less electron dense and reveal a simple internal substructure consisting of a nucleus, mitochondria, micro-bodies, free ribosomes, and presumed storage bodies. The plasmalemma becomes convoluted in a network of interdigitated grooves. Septum formation occurs rapidly and involves the fusion of vesicles with the lateral wall. Mature septa are non-perforate. Although Woronin bodies have been repeatedly observed in young conidia, they are never seen in mature conidia. Myelin figures associated with mitochondria occur consistently in the body of the phialide during conidiation. These may be the source of the lipid bodies in the conidia. In phialides from cultures over 1 week old, signs of senescence are apparent. These include vacuolization of the upper portion of the phialide and the presence of many disorganized sheets of membrane. Spores still present within the collarette of such phialides are smaller than those produced early in the life of the phialide.

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