Serum protein variation in southern fur seals, Arctocephalus spp., in relation to their taxonomy

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Variation ◽  
Fur Seals

Examination of serum samples from Arctocephalus spp. from southern Australia, New Zealand, and Macquarie I. revealed six transferrin types, which were assumed to be the products of four allelic genes, and two phenotypes of a haem-binding protein. Seals from South Neptune Is., Cape du Couedic, and the Recherche Archipelago were identical on these criteria; while those from Victoria were identical with those of Tasmania. This division is consistent with previous conclusions based on skull characters. The names there suggested for these two groups were A, forsteri and A. doriferus respectively. Transferrin types of New Zealand and Macquarie I. A. forsteri were not identical with those of Australian A. forsteri. It is suggested that fur seals may have been exterminated from South Australia and Western Australia and that recolonization was from New Zealand. Alternatively, these differences may indicate the existence of more than one species in these populations.

Changes in the abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in Western Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Gales ◽  
B. Haberley ◽  
P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Absolute Abundance ◽  
Abundance Estimate ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Rate Of Increase

New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, have been increasing in abundance in South Australia for at least the past three decades. A survey of New Zealand fur seals during the 1989/90 breeding season determined that about 20% of the Australian population bred at 16 sites in Western Australia, amounting to 1429 pups and an absolute abundance estimate of 7100 fur seals. A further survey of all fur seal colonies in Western Australia to determine current pup production and abundance estimates, and trends in pup production since the previous survey was undertaken in January 1999. Of the 17 breeding sites now known in Western Australia, 16 were surveyed and pup production had increased at all but one. The rate of change in pup production at the one unsurveyed site (West Island), was estimated as being equivalent to the mean rate of change at other sites. The estimated mean annual, exponential rate of increase (r) for all sites was 0.09, equivalent to a 9.8% annual increase in pup production and an overall increase in pup production in Western Australia of 113.3% between surveys. Total annual pup production has increased to 3090. The estimate of absolute abundance of New Zealand fur seals in Western Australia is now 15 100, in contrast to the 7100 estimated for the 1989/90 season. Mortality of pups at the time of the survey was estimated to be at least 1.3%. It is predicted that New Zealand fur seal populations will continue to increase in Western Australia. This is likely to have important management implications regarding aquaculture and fisheries activities. The increase in fur seal populations appears to be in contrast to populations of Australian sea lions, Neophoca cinerea, for which preliminary data show no evidence for a population increase. It is unknown whether the dynamics affecting these two species are related.

Distribution and abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in South Australia and Western Australia

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Shaughnessy ◽  
NJ Gales ◽  
TE Dennis ◽  
SD Goldsworthy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Great Australian Bight ◽  
Central South

A survey to determine the distribution and abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in South Australia and Western Australia was conducted in January-March 1990. Minor surveys were conducted in the summers of 1987-88, 1988-89 and 1990-91. Although the surveys were primarily of black pups in breeding colonies, opportunity was taken to count fur seals of all age-classes, including those in non-breeding colonies. Pups were counted and, in more accessible and larger colonies, numbers of pups were estimated by a mark-recapture technique. The latter technique gave higher estimates than counting, and was considered more accurate. In South Australia, the seals extend from The Pages in Backstairs Passage to Nuyts Reef in the Great Australian Bight. In Western Australia, the range comprised islands on the south coast from the Recherche Archipelago to islands near Cape Leeuwin. There are 29 breeding localities; 13 are in South Australia and 16 in Western Australia. Eighteen of these have not been reported previously. The term ''breeding locality'' is used for aggregations of breeding colonies as well as for isolated breeding colonies. Estimates of the number of pups for the 1989-90 breeding season were 5636 in South Australia and 1429 in Western Australia. This leads to a population estimate of approximately 34600 seals in these two states (using a multiplier of 4.9). But such estimates of overall abundance must be treated cautiously as the multiplier incorporates estimates of population parameters not available for A. forsteri. Most of the population (77%) is in central South Australian waters (from Kangaroo Island to the southern end of Eyre Peninsula). With the estimate of 100 for a breeding colony in southern Tasmania, the population of New Zealand fur seals in Australia can be estimated at 34700. Historical aspects of some colonies are outlined and evidence for increases described. The largest breeding localities are at South Neptune Islands (1964 pups) and North Neptune Islands (1472). The combined Neptunes group accounts for 49% of the pup estimate for Australia. One-fifth of the pups are from colonies on Kangaroo Island and the nearby Casuarinas.

Seal survey in the Great Australian Bight region of Western Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Dennis ◽  
P. D. Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Australian Sea Lion ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal ◽  
Great Australian Bight

In December 1996, a survey by helicopter of the Baxter Cliffs region of the Great Australian Bight in Western Australia did not locate any previously unreported colonies of the Australian sea lion or New Zealand fur seal. Although geologically contiguous with the Bunda Cliffs in South Australia (where sea lions have a scattered distribution), the Baxter Cliffs appeared generally more weathered and stable, with fewer collapsed sections of cliff forming platforms and providing habitat for seals. In total, 29 Australian sea lions were observed during the survey. Most were at a previously surveyed site approximately 2 km west of Twilight Cove. Ten other sites were recorded as potentially providing haul- out opportunity for sea lions; they were mainly caves and deep overhangs with access from the sea. No fur seals were seen. From this survey and from other records, we estimate the Australian sea lion population along the Baxter Cliffs in the Great Australian Bight region of Western Australia at less than 100 animals.

Podospora excentrica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
South Wales

Abstract A description is provided for Podospora excentrica. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (South America (Venezuela), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia)), New Zealand, Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK)).

Phytoplasma australiense. [Distribution map].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Vitis Spp

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytoplasma australiense [Candidatus] R.E. Davis et al. Bacteria: Phytoplasmas Hosts: Grapevine (Vitis spp.), pawpaw (Carica papaya) and Phormium tenax. Information is given on the geographical distribution in OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.

Geoglossum cookeanum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
South Australia

Abstract A description is provided for Geoglossum cookeanum. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Mexico and USA (Kentucky, Michigan, New Hampshire and Tenesse)), Asia (Georgia, India (Uttarakhand) and China (Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Yunnan)), Australasia (Australia (South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia) and New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.

Records of vagrant fur seals (family Otariidae) in South Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Shaughnessy ◽  
Catherine M. Kemper ◽  
David Stemmer ◽  
Jane McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Australia ◽  
The South ◽  
South Indian Ocean ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Subantarctic Fur Seals

Two fur seal species breed on the southern coast of Australia: the Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) and the New Zealand fur seal (A. forsteri). Two other species are vagrants: the subantarctic fur seal (A. tropicalis) and the Antarctic fur seal (A. gazella). We document records of vagrant fur seals in South Australia from 1982 to 2012 based primarily on records from the South Australian Museum. There were 86 subantarctic fur seals: 49 specimens and 37 sightings. Most (77%) were recorded from July to October and 83% of all records were juveniles. All but two specimens were collected between July and November. Sightings were prevalent during the same period, but there were also nine sightings during summer (December–February), several of healthy-looking adults. Notable concentrations were near Victor Harbor, on Kangaroo Island and Eyre Peninsula. Likely sources of subantarctic fur seals seen in South Australia are Macquarie and Amsterdam Islands in the South Indian Ocean, ~2700 km south-east and 5200 km west of SA, respectively. There were two sightings of Antarctic fur seals, both of adults, on Kangaroo Island at New Zealand fur seal breeding colonies. Records of this species for continental Australia and nearby islands are infrequent.

Changes in the abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, on Kangaroo Island, South Australia

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Shaughnessy ◽  
SD Goldsworthy ◽  
JA Libke
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Made In

Kangaroo Island was an important seal-harvesting site during the early years of European colonisation of Australia. A recent survey of the New Zealand fur seal, Arctocephalus forsteri, in South and Western Australia indicates that Kangaroo I. is still an important centre for the species. In order to determine changes in the abundance of the population, numbers of pups were determined at four colonies on Kangaroo Island by mark-recapture in up to five breeding seasons from 1988-89 to 1992-93. Clipping was the preferred technique for mark-recapture estimation of pups because it was quick, easy and effective. Recaptures were conducted visually; they were repeated several times in each season to improve precision of the estimates. No pups were marked between recaptures in order to minimise disturbance. Assumptions made in estimating population size by the mark-recapture technique pertinent to this study are reviewed. Pup numbers increased at three colonies: at Cape Gantheaume, from 458 to 867 over five years (with exponential rate of increase r = 0.16, n = 5); at Nautilus North, from 182 to 376 over five years (at r = 0.19, n = 4); and at North Casuarina Islet, from 442 to 503 over four years (at r = 0.043, n = 2). Rates of increase in the first two colonies are similar to those at the most rapidly increasing fur seal populations in the Southern Hemisphere. The Kangaroo I. population is estimated to be 10000 animals in 1992-93. It is likely to be at the recolonisation phase of growth, with high rates of increase at individual colonies (or parts of colonies) resulting from local immigration. As space does not appear to be limiting expansion in these colonies, fur seal numbers may continue to increase there.

Australian fur seals establish haulout sites and a breeding colony in South Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Shaughnessy ◽  
Jane McKenzie ◽  
Melanie L. Lancaster ◽  
Simon D. Goldsworthy ◽  
Terry E. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Neophoca Cinerea ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal

Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) breed on Bass Strait islands in Victoria and Tasmania. They have been recorded in South Australia (SA) for many years as non-breeding visitors and on Kangaroo Island frequently since 1988, mostly in breeding colonies of the New Zealand fur seal (A. forsteri) which is the most numerous pinniped in SA. Australian fur seals have displaced New Zealand fur seals from sections of the Cape Gantheaume colony on Kangaroo Island. North Casuarina Island produced 29 Australian fur seal pups in February 2008. Australian fur seal pups were larger than New Zealand fur seal pups in the same colony and have been identified genetically using a 263-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. North Casuarina Island has been an important breeding colony of New Zealand fur seals, but pup numbers there decreased since 1992–93 (contrary to trends in SA for New Zealand fur seals), while numbers of Australian fur seals there have increased. This study confirms that Australian fur seals breed in SA. The two fur seal species compete for space onshore at several sites. Australian fur seals may compete for food with endangered Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) because both are bottom feeders.

Trends in abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, at the Neptune Islands, South Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Shaughnessy ◽  
A. McKeown
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Australia ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Seal Population ◽  
Island Group ◽  
Direct Counting ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal

At the Neptune Islands in early February 2000 at the end of the 1999–2000 pupping season, the abundance of New Zealand fur seal pups was determined using a mark–recapture technique in large colonies and by direct counting in small ones. Pups (n = 2355) were marked by clipping hair on the head to reveal light-coloured underfur. At the North Neptune group, there were 4221 pups and at the South Neptune group 1767 pups, making a total of 5988 pups for the Neptune Island group as a whole. At the North Neptune Islands, pup numbers increased by 53% since February 1993, from 2756 to 4221. For the South Neptune group, pup numbers decreased by 6.7%, from 1893 to 1767. The decrease was spread over most colonies on the island. The large increase in pup numbers at the North Neptune group indicates that the population there is in the recolonisation phase of growth; at the South Neptune group, the fur seal population is likely to be in the maturity phase, with fluctuations in size expected in the future. The Neptune Island group supports the largest aggregation of pinnipeds in Australia.

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