Intersterility and diapause differences between geographical populations of Teleogryllus commodus (Walker) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae).

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Bigelow ◽  
PSA Cochaux
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Teleogryllus Commodus ◽  
Geographical Populations

Sterile offspring were produced by crosses between strains of Teleogryllus commodus (Walker) from northern Australia (Queensland) and southern Australia (Victoria, Adelaide). If the northern and southern populations are not connected by a series of freely interbreeding populations, they must be recognized as distinct species. Embryonic diapause occurred in none of the eggs of the Queensland strain, and in different proportions of the eggs of the two southern strains, when incubated at 28�C. After several generations of laboratory rearing the proportions of eggs that entered diapause at 28�C decreased in both the southern strains.

DEVELOPMENTAL RATES AND DIAPAUSE IN ACHETA PENNSYLVANICUS (BURMEISTER) AND ACHETA VELETIS ALEXANDER AND BIGELOW (ORTHOPTERA:GRYLLIDAE)

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 973-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Nymphal Development ◽  
Developmental Physiology ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Genetically Determined

Tendencies to diapause were not observed in nymphs of Acheta pennsylvanicus (Burmeister), but diapause was noted in a high proportion of the nymphs of Acheta veletis Alexander and Bigelow. On the average, nymphal development was more rapid in pennsylvanicus than it was in veletis nymphs. Embryonic diapause always occurred in pennsylvanicus but never in veletis eggs. These differences in developmental physiology are genetically determined and the failure of the two species to produce hybrids may be due to conflicting lethal interactions of the two genotypes in hybrid embryos. Both species die out after several generations of laboratory rearing at continuous high temperatures, and the evolution of cold hardiness has apparently involved a reduction in tolerance to constant high temperatures. Reproductive isolation may have been achieved by these two species without geographical isolation. Nymphal development is more rapid in northern than in southern veletis populations.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA suggests the existence of two distinct species in Moluccas and New Guinea within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus (Günther, 1867)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufan Nurzaman Sulaeman ◽  
AMIR HAMIDY ◽  
ACHMAD FARAJALLAH ◽  
ANTOINE FOUQUET ◽  
AWAL RIYANTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Biogeographic Regions

Abstract. Sulaeman TN, Hamidy A, Farajallah A, Fouquet A, Riyanto A, Arida E, Mulyadi, Trilaksono W, Munir M. 2021. Mitochondrial DNA suggests the existence of two distinct species in Moluccas and New Guinea within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus (Günther, 1867). Biodiversitas 22: 3287-3297. Nyctimystes infrafrenatus is a widespread frog species distributed across northern Australia, New Guinea, Bismarck archipelago and in the eastern part of Indonesian archipelago. The species thus encompasses two biogeographic regions, Papua and Wallacea. We evaluated the phylogenetic relationships among the populations from Papua and Moluccas based on two mitochondrial loci (16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I). Two major subclades are recovered within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus with subclade A being represented by populations from New Guinea and northern Australia and subclade B by Moluccan populations (Halmahera and Tidore). Genetic distances (2.3-4.2% in 16S rRNA) between these subclades suggest they could belong to distinct species. Since New Guinea populations correspond to the nominal species and that Nyctimystes tennuigranulatus (Boettger 1895), currently considered as a junior synonym of Nyctimystes infrafrenatus, is available for the northern Moluccan populations, we proposed to remove this taxon from synonymy. However, samples used in this study come from northern Moluccas, further studies including samples from Ambon (where another synonym was described i.e. Calamita dolichopsis) is needed to determine the taxonomic status of the southern Moluccan population whether they are conspecific with northern Moluccan population or not.

Karyotypic Evolution in Gehyra (Gekkonidae: Reptilia) II.* A New Species from the Alligator Rivers Region in Northern Australia

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M King
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Chromosomal Analysis ◽  
Karyotypic Evolution ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
A New Species

A chromosomal analysis of gekkos of the Gehyra australis complex from the Alligator Rivers region of the Northern Territory indicates that those animals living on trees or human habitation have 2n=40 chromosomes, whereas those living on the rock outliers and cliffs of the Arnhem Land escarpment have 2n=42. A morphological analysis of these specimens shows that two distinct species are present: Gehyra australis and a new species, which is described below as Gehyra pamela.

Seen only once: an evolutionarily distinct species of Toadlet (Uperoleia: Myobatrachidae) from the Wessel Islands of northern Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5057 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
RENEE A. CATULLO ◽  
J. SCOTT KEOGH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Species Discovery ◽  
Mating Call ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Basic Biology

There is a high rate of recent species discovery in remote regions of northern Australia, especially for amphibians and reptiles. The Wessel Islands, located in the northeastern corner of the Northern Territory, has recently been identified as a region of high species and phylogenetic endemism based on samples collected during the sole reptile and amphibian survey there in 1993. Using a phylogenetic approach, we describe a new, evolutionarily distinct species of Uperoleia endemic to the Wessel Islands. This description is based on three specimens, one female and two juveniles, which represent the only confirmed vouchers of the species. Due to the low number of specimens, this new species cannot be diagnosed morphologically from other closely related Uperoleia, and nothing is currently known about the mating call or basic biology. The discovery of this species provides further evidence for the islands’ importance as an area of endemism and identifies an urgent need for further surveys to document the unique biological diversity of the Wessel Islands.  

Mitochondrial DNA supports the identification of two endangered river sharks (Glyphis glyphis and Glyphis garricki) across northern Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Wynen ◽  
Helen Larson ◽  
Dean Thorburn ◽  
Stirling Peverell ◽  
David Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Carcharhinus Leucas ◽  
Bull Shark ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rare Opportunity

The river sharks (genus Glyphis) are a small group of poorly known sharks occurring in tropical rivers and estuarine waters across northern Australia, south-east Asia and the subcontinent. The taxonomy of the genus has long been unclear due to very few individuals having been caught and examined, resulting in a paucity of data regarding their distribution, biology and ecology. Only recently has attention focussed on the two Australian species, G. glyphis and G. garricki. This study is a result of a rare opportunity to collate the few samples that have been collected from these species and the bull shark Carcharhinus leucas, which shares an overlapping range. These samples were analysed using the DNA barcoding approach (cox1 mitochondrial gene), compared with six other species of carcharhinids and evaluated in light of the current taxonomic classification. Nine species-specific nucleotide differences were found between G. glyphis and G. garricki and no intra-specific variation provides strong support for the separation into distinct species. Significant differences were also observed at the inter-generic level, with Glyphis forming a distinct clade from Carcharhinus. This study provides the basis for future molecular studies required to better address conservation issues confronting G. glyphis and G. garricki in Australia.

Expanding the Burkholderia pseudomallei complex with the addition of two novel species: Burkholderia mayonis sp. nov. and Burkholderia savannae sp. nov.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina M. Hall ◽  
Anthony L. Baker ◽  
Jason W. Sahl ◽  
Mark Mayo ◽  
Holger C. Scholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Distinct Cluster

Distinct Burkholderia strains were isolated from soil samples collected in tropical northern Australia (Northern Territory and the Torres Strait Islands, Queensland). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and whole genome sequences revealed these strains were distinct from previously described Burkholderia species and assigned them to two novel clades within the B. pseudomallei complex (Bpc). Because average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization calculations are consistent with these clades representing distinct species, we propose the names Burkholderia mayonis sp. nov. and Burkholderia savannae sp. nov. Strains assigned to B. mayonis sp. nov. include type strain BDU6 T (=TSD-80; LMG 29941; ASM152374v2) and BDU8. Strains assigned to B. savannae sp. nov. include type strain MSMB266 T (=TSD-82; LMG 29940; ASM152444v2), MSMB852, BDU18, and BDU19. Comparative genomics revealed unique coding regions for both putative species, including clusters of orthologous genes associated with phage. Type strains of both B. mayonis sp. nov. and B. savannae sp. nov. yielded biochemical profiles distinct from each other and other species in the Bpc, and profiles also varied among strains within B. mayonis sp. nov. and B. savannae sp. nov. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight analysis revealed a B. savannae sp. nov. cluster separate from other species, whereas B. mayonis sp. nov. strains did not form a distinct cluster. Neither B. mayonis sp. nov. nor B. savannae sp. nov. caused mortality in mice when delivered via the subcutaneous route. The addition of B. mayonis sp. nov. and B. savannae sp. nov. results in eight species currently in the Bpc. IMPORTANCE Burkholderia species can be important sources of novel natural products and new species are of interest to diverse scientific disciplines. Although many Burkholderia species are saprophytic, Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of the disease melioidosis. Understanding the genomics and virulence of the closest relatives to B. pseudomallei ( i.e., the other species within the Bpc) is important for identifying robust diagnostic targets specific to B. pseudomallei and understanding evolution of virulence in B. pseudomallei . Two proposed novel species, B. mayonis sp. nov. and B. savannae sp. nov., were isolated from soil samples collected from multiple locations in northern Australia. The two proposed species belong to the Bpc but are phylogenetically distinct from all other members of this complex. The addition of B. mayonis sp. nov. and B. savannae sp. nov. results in a total of eight species within this significant complex of bacteria that are available for future studies.

Esterases in relation to embryonic diapause in the field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. Jameson ◽  
J.R. MacFarlane ◽  
T.W. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Field Cricket ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Teleogryllus Commodus

Integrative taxonomic investigation of Petaurus breviceps (Marsupialia: Petauridae) reveals three distinct species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teigan Cremona ◽  
Andrew M Baker ◽  
Steven J B Cooper ◽  
Rebecca Montague-Drake ◽  
Alyson M Stobo-Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Sugar Glider ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Petaurus Breviceps

Abstract The Australian sugar glider, Petaurus breviceps s.l., is widely distributed across eastern and northern Australia. Examination of historical and contemporary collections of Petaurus specimens and phylogenetic analyses have revealed considerable taxonomic diversity within the genus. We aimed to utilize an integrative taxonomic approach, combining genetic and morphological evidence, to resolve the taxonomy of Australian gliders currently recognized as Petaurus breviceps. Herein, we confirm the existence of three distinct species: P. breviceps, P. notatus comb. nov. and P. ariel comb. nov.. Petaurus breviceps and P. notatus are each represented by major mtDNA lineages in P. breviceps, while P. ariel forms a sister-lineage to P. norfolcensis and P. gracilis. Subtle morphological differences distinguish P. breviceps from the closely related P. notatus, while the morphological distinctions between P. ariel and its genetically similar sister-taxa, P. norfolcensis and P. gracilis, are more obvious. Given the purported broad geographic distribution of the taxon, P. breviceps s.l. was not listed as threatened, but dividing this taxon into three species has important conservation implications for all taxa in the group, particularly given the lamentable record for mammal extinctions in Australia. Concerted and targeted conservation efforts are necessary to preserve these distinct, newly described species.

A scanning electron microscopic study of the eggs of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 884-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Nunamaker ◽  
C. E. Nunamaker ◽  
B. C. Wick
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Culicoides Variipennis ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Scanning Electron

Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett) is probably the most economically important species of biting midge in the U.S. due to its involvement in the transmission of bluetongue (BT) disease of sheep, cattle and ruminant wildlife, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) of deer. Proposals have been made to recognize the eastern and western populations of this insect vector as distinct species. Others recommend use of the term “variipennis complex” until such time that the necessary biosystematic studies have been made to determine the genetic nature and/or minute morphological differences within the population structure over the entire geographic range of the species. Increasingly, students of ootaxonomy are relying on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess chorionic features. This study was undertaken to provide comparative chorionic data for the C. variipennis complex.Culicoides variipennis eggs were collected from a laboratory colony maintained in Laramie, Wyoming.

Distribution, seasonal movements and habitat utilisation of an endangered shark, Glyphis glyphis, from northern Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 573 ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Lyon ◽  
RG Dwyer ◽  
RD Pillans ◽  
HA Campbell ◽  
CE Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Northern Australia ◽  
Seasonal Movements
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