Functional Morphology, Micro-anatomy, and histology of the 'Sydney Cockle' Anadara trapezia (Deshayes )(Lamellibranchia: arcidae).

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Kidney Tubules ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Strong Positive Reaction ◽  
Micro Anatomy

The anatomy and histology of the Australian lamellibranch, Anadara trapezia (Deshayes, 1839), are described. The pattern of the ciliary currents on the ctenidia, mantle, foot, and labial palps is similar to those in the related species Arca tetragona and Glycymeris glycymeris. However, A. trapezia differs from these forms in having a more extensive development of the ridges on the labial palps, as well as in the ciliation of the ctenidial filaments. The possible correlation between the arrangement of cilia on the ctenidial filaments and the extent of the ridged areas of the palps is discussed. The structure of the stomach is closely similar to that of Glycymeris. The digestive diverticula, with their ciliated ducts, are typical of the Anisomyaria and Eulamellibranchia. The gastric shield appears to be secreted by the epithelial cells of the stomach. Secretion is intermittent, resulting in stratification of the shield, and is indicated by strongly periodic acid-Schiff(P.A.S.)-positive material which forms in the neighbourhood of the epithelial cell nuclei and then migrates to the apical ends of the cells to be added to the shield. Many gland cells, both intra-epithelial and subepithelial, are present in the foot, mantle, and palps. There are several types, differing in their staining reactions and in the appearance of their cytoplasm in fixed and sectioned material. It is suggested that those glands whose cytoplasm gives a very strong positive reaction with P.A.S. may produce a lubricating secretion, while those which give reactions for mucin but are not so strongly P.A.S.-positive may form a tacky mucus suitable for holding particulate matter to facilitate transport by ciliary currents. In the connective tissue there are stellate cells embedded in the gelatinous ground substance. Another type of cell, laden with coarse brownish granules is present in some regions, especially around the kidney tubules. "Leydig's cells", which have been observed in the connective tissue of a number of molluscs, and which store glycogen in these forms, do not appear to be present in A. trapezia. Glycogen is present, but is scattered through the ground substance in the form of granules. It is suggested that the glycogen may be deposited in the fine processes of the stellate cells.

The Haemocytes and Connective Tissue Formation in an Insect, Rhodnius Prolixus (Hemiptera)

1956 ◽  
Vol s3-97 (37) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
V. B. WIGGLESWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Positive Material

The amoebocytes, which form the most abundant type of blood-cell in Rhodnius, contain rounded, oval, or rod-shaped inclusions which stain by the periodic acid/Schiff method. These are believed to be neutral mucopolysaccharides. The amoebocytes apply themselves to the basal membranes, which likewise are PAS-positive, and appear to contribute to these membranes by discharging their contents. They insinuate themselves into the developing muscles and give rise to the sheaths of connective tissue by which the muscle fibres are surrounded. And they collect around deposits of injected Indian ink, producing similar sheets of PAS-positive material, presumably mucopolysaccharide. The chitinous endocuticle is PAS-negative (except in a few special regions such as the neck and the conjunctival membranes of the limbs). It becomes positive during digestion by the moulting fluid. The tracheae react similarly. Other PAS-positive structures which are not produced by the amoebocytes are the striated border of the mid-gut, the basement membrane of the gut, the perilemma around the ganglia and nerves, and the ground substance within the ganglia.

HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF 3-TRIFLUORMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (TFM) ON LARVAL LAMPREY AND TROUT

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Christie ◽  
Helen I. Battle
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Sinusoidal Dilatation ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Red Coloration

Larvae of the lamprey, Entosphenus lamottei (Le Sueur), and rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, were exposed to the sodium salt of 3-trifluormethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in concentrations of 0.75 p.p.m., 3.00 p.p.m., and 6.00 p.p.m. Microscopic examination of changes induced in the gills, liver, cloacal region, and musculature were made on 7-micron sections stained with Harris' haematoxylin and Bowie's eosin, and in the gill region with periodic acid Schiff reagent. A comparison of the degree of the effects in the two species was made by planimetry of the vascular, cellular, and edematous areas from enlarged drawings of sections.Upon exposure to lethal concentrations of TFM, the body of the larval lamprey becomes distended at the pharyngeal level and heavy cords of mucus emerge from the external gill clefts. A deep red coloration is evident in the pharyngeal region consequent upon vasodilatation of the arterioles and capillaries of the gill filaments. Trout exhibit a similar vasodilatation of the gills together with increased mucous secretion. Edema in the connective tissue between the respiratory epithelium and the vascular endothelium is induced in both species. After prolonged exposure to TFM, the mucous cells in the lining of the branchial chamber and covering the tips of the gill filaments are actively discharging their secretions or completely spent.Certain effects induced by TFM in the larval lamprey are not evident in the trout. The cloacal region takes on a deep red coloration due to dilatation of the venous sinuses and the liver becomes reddish because of sinusoidal dilatation. Extensive edema of the fibrous connective tissue of the skeletal musculature is characteristically present. A slightly increased secretory activity of mucous-secreting cells may occur in the epidermis.With the techniques employed in this study, there was no evidence in either species of cytological or histological changes in the nervous tissue, cardiac musculature, notochord, alimentary canal (including the haemopoietic typhlosole of the lamprey), or mesonephros.

scholarly journals IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES OF HEART TISSUE

1961 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin H. Kaplan ◽  
Frederick D. Dallenbach
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Schiff Reagent ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Using fluorescent antibody methods, deposits of bound gamma globulin, as determined in unfixed washed sections of auricular appendages from rheumatic hearts, were noted in a significant number (18 per cent) of 100 specimens studied. Such deposits were observed in myofibers, sarcolemma, interstitial connective tissue, and vessel walls. Albumin and fibrin were generally found absent from these sites. Control hearts from normal and pathologic material, including postmortem and biopsied specimens, in general, did not reveal such deposits. These various tissue sites which contained bound gamma globulin frequently exhibited evidence of alteration as indicated both by enhanced affinity for eosin and by strongly positive reaction with the periodic acid-Schiff reagent, and appeared comparable in some cases to "fibrinoid." Bound gamma globulin was not observed in cellular or stromal components of Aschoff lesions, nor was the occurrence of Aschoff lesions correlated with presence of bound gamma globulin. It is suggested that deposition of gamma globulin and the eosinophilic alteration associated with such deposition are related to certain of the pathologic changes of rheumatic heart disease. The nature of such deposits of gamma globulin was considered from immune and non-immune points of view.

scholarly journals The Potential of Light Microscopic Features of the Oral Mucosa in Predicting Post-mortem Interval

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. e34-41
Author(s):  
Jagganath Patro ◽  
Swagatika Panda ◽  
Neeta Mohanty ◽  
Uma S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Microscopic Features

Objectives: The post-mortem interval (PMI) refers to the amount of time elapsed between death and discovery of the body. This study aimed to evaluate light microscopic cellular changes in the oral mucosa and identify the potential of this method for predicting PMI. Methods: This prospective study was conducted between July 2016 and January 2018 at the Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India. A total of 150 post-mortem (including 75 gingival and 75 buccal mucosa samples) and 40 ante-mortem (including 20 gingival and 20 buccal mucosa samples) tissue samples were compared using haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and van Gieson stains. Microscopic changes in the epithelium and connective tissue were categorised according to PMI stage as early (<12.5 hours since death), intermediate (12.5–20.5 hours since death) or late (>20.5 hours since death). Results: Most epithelial cellular changes occurred early, except for arc-shaped nuclei and epithelial shredding which were intermediate and late changes, respectively. However, microscopic changes in the connective tissue were only observable at ≥12.5 hours. There was a progressive decrease in intensity in van Gieson stains and an increase in intensity in PAS stains as PMI increased. Several microscopic features were found to be significant predictors of PMI including epithelial homogenisation, cytoplasmic vacuolation, nuclear degeneration, arc-shaped nuclei, chromatin clumping, red blood cell clumping and lysis, melanin incontinency, myofibril degeneration, salivary gland acini degeneration and epithelial connective tissue separation (P <0.050 each). Conclusion: These findings indicate that microscopic evaluation of the oral mucosa may be helpful for PMI prediction.   KEYWORDS Post-mortem Changes; Light Microscopy; Oral Mucosa; Epithelial Cells; Lamina Propria; Salivary Glands; Histocytochemistry; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; India.

scholarly journals Granulomatous Epididymitis Related to Rhodotorula glutinis Infection in a Dog

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kadota ◽  
K. Uchida ◽  
T. Nagatomo ◽  
Y. Goto ◽  
T. Shinjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Cell Debris ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Cut Surface

A 4-year-old, male Great Dane dog developed severe swelling of the scrotum on 9 December 1991, and the testes and epididymides were removed surgically on 12 December 1992. The cut surface of the epididymides consisted of hard connective tissue and several small abcesses with slight hemorrhage. Histopathologically, the seminiferous tubules in the testes had only a few spermatogenic cells, but Sertoli cells were well preserved. Both epididymides consisted entirely of a proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, and only a few ducts deferens containing cell debris, neutrophils, and macrophages in the lumina were present. In all lesions of the epididymides, the macrophages contained periodic acid–Schiff– and Grocott's silver–positive round granules, 5-8 μm in diameter. Microbiologically, smooth salmon-pink colonies consisting of ovoidal yeast, about 10 μm in diameter, were isolated from the samples of epididymides but not from those of the testes. The isolated yeast had microbiological characteristics of Rhodotorula glutinis. From these observations, we diagnosed the present case as granulomatous epididymitis due to Rhodotorula infection.

The fate of autogenous grafts to the spinal dura

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Keller ◽  
Stewart B. Dunsker ◽  
Joe M. McWhorter ◽  
Carlos M. Ongkiko ◽  
Mary C. Saunders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tissue Attachment ◽  
Fine Print

✓ An experimental study was designed to compare the efficacy of autogenous fat and Gelfoam in minimizing scar tissue attachment to the dura and nerve roots. A multiple level lumbar laminectomy was performed in 20 dogs, and Gelfoam and autogenous fat were placed in the epidural space at two laminectomy sites, over the dura, interposed between the overlying paraspinal muscles and the dura. A third lumbar laminectomy site in each dog served as a control. The animals were sacrificed after different time periods (3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks), and the specimens were examined histologically and histochemically. The colloidal iron-periodic acid Schiff-Bismarck brown-picric acid (CI-PAS-BB-PA) and high iron diamine-Alcian blue 8Gx (HID-AB) techniques were used to demonstrate connective tissues and glycosaminoglycans. The scar at the laminectomy sites where Gelfoam was placed and at the control sites was composed of dense irregular connective tissue. Examination of the laminectomy sites where autogenous fat was used revealed less scar tissue. In addition, there was a layer of fat with a slight increase in intercellular connective tissue fibers interposed between the overlying erector spinae musculature and the dura. Our results indicate that autogenous fat interposed between the dura and the overlying paraspinal musculature serves as a barrier limiting the growth of connective tissue into the spinal canal. We could find no evidence that Gelfoam prevented the ingrowth of scar tissue into the operated area.

scholarly journals THE USE OF BASIC POLYSACCHARIDES IN HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY; II. THE DEMONSTRATION OF ACIDIC POLYSACCHARIDES IN TISSUE SECTIONS USING FLUORESCEIN-LABELLED DEACETYLATED CHITIN

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIDNEY P. KENT ◽  
E. EDWARD EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Fluorescent Staining ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Acidic Polysaccharides ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Formalin Fixed

A method for demonstrating acidic polysaccharides in formalin fixed parafin embedded tissue sections using fluorescein labelled deacetylated chitin is described. Epithelial and connective tissue acidic polysaccharides have been studied in a number of organs. The distribution of acidic polysaccharides as seen with fluorescein-labelled deacetylated chitin is similar to results obtained with alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff and fluorescein-labelled Aspergillus polysaccharide. Previously reported fluorescent staining methods for acidic polysaccharides such as iron-hematoxylin-acridine orange and atabrine as well as fluorescein-labelled deacetylated chitin may prove to be useful adjuncts to the light microscopic methods of demonstrating mucins. Other possible uses of deacetylated chitin, a colorless macro-cation, in histochemistry and cytochemistry are noted.

CHANGES IN THE BONE AND CARTILAGE OF THE SYMPHYSIS PUBIS OF THE MOUSE DURING PREGNANCY AND AFTER PARTURITION, AS REVEALED BY METACHROMATIC STAINING AND THE PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF TECHNIQUE

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN HALL
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Symphysis Pubis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Haemopoietic Cells ◽  
Chondroid Matrix

SUMMARY A re-investigation has been made of the histological changes in the tissues of the symphysis pubis of the mouse during the first pregnancy and after parturition, using the techniques of metachromatic staining with toluidine blue, the McManus-Hotchkiss periodic acid-Schiff (p.a.s.) reaction, and basophilic staining with haematoxylin. During the last week of pregnancy two maj or changes take place: (1) resorption of the anteromedial bony walls of the innominates leading to shortening of the symphysis, and (2) transformation of the symphysial cartilage, manifested by loss of metachromasia and basophilia and ability to react with p.a.s., leading to ultimate disappearance of stainable chondroid matrix and its replacement first by argyrophil and then by collagenous connective tissue. Further resorption of bone from the symphysial walls of the innominates and, probably, retention of fluid in the newly formed connective tissue helps to widen the interpubic gap. After parturition, the collagenous connective tissue which had replaced the cartilage and resorbed bone reverts to a mesenchyme-like tissue, the cells of which differentiate into osteoblasts or chondroblasts or haemopoietic cells. Cartilage differentiates by deposition of metachromatic chondroid matrix around chondroblasts, the matrix becoming more and more metachromatic, p.a.s.-positive and basophilic. Bone differentiates, first in connective tissue, later by endochondral ossification. Marrow begins to differentiate even before the bone which will confine it is laid down. The effect of hyaluronidase on metachromasia, basophilia and reaction to p.a.s. of the symphysial tissues is described, and its significance discussed in relation to the pregnancy and post-partum changes.

scholarly journals THE OCCURRENCE OF THE PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF REACTION IN VARIOUS NORMAL CELLS OF BLOOD AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Blood ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE B. WISLOCKI ◽  
JACK J. RHEINGOLD ◽  
EDWARD W. DEMPSEY
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Schiff Reaction

Abstract An account is given of the periodic acid-Schiff reaction in the cytoplasm of various normal cells of blood and connective tissue of man, rhesus monkey and rabbit. Saliva treated control sections were used to distinguish glycogen from other reactive substances. The effects of malt diastase were compared briefly with those of saliva. The results of the present study may be summarized as follows (table 1): See PDF for Table

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTIC OF SKIN MORPHOLOGY OF SUNDA PORCUPINE (Hystrix javanica) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andhika Yudha Prawira ◽  
Desrayni Hanadhita ◽  
Anisa Rahma ◽  
Supratikno Supratikno ◽  
Savitri Novelina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Characteristic Type ◽  
Elastin Fiber ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Skin Morphology ◽  
Dominant Structure

This study was conducted to investigate the histological characteristic, type, and distribution of connective tissue in Sunda porcupine skin. The investigation was carried out in three adult of sunda porcupines at microscopic level using hematoxylin eosin, Masson thrichrome, Verhoeffs van Gieson, alcian blue pH 2.5 and periodic acid Schiff staining methods. Skin consists of epidermis, dermis hypodermis, and subcutaneous muscle. Quill follicles were the main and dominant structure as well as the specific characteristic on Sunda porcupine skin. The connective tissue was distributed well in basal membrane, dermis, quill follicle, and hypodermis with various intensity and density. The collagen was the main fiber found in the skin while the elastin fiber was not observed. The acid carbohydrate was found distributed well in the skin while the neutral carbohydrate was not detected in this study. In addition the fibers of connective tissue associated with the adipose tissue which found plentifully in quill follicles and hypodermis. The present results showed that the wide distribution of connective tissue might have an important role on the wound healing physiology of Sunda porcupine skin.

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