The distribution of the eggs of Damalinia equi (Denny) and Haematopinus asini (L) on the Horse.

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Murray
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Lateral Distribution ◽  
Oviposition Behaviour ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
The Face ◽  
Do So

The eggs of Damalinia equi (Denny) and Haematopinus asini (L.) are attached to the hairs close to the skin with the end of attachment nearest to the skin. The oviposition behaviour of D. equi is similar to that of D. ovis (L.). The only observable differences are that the gonopods are not used at the time of egg laying and the fibre is grasped by the claspers. Temperatures between 32 and 38�C are required for the maximum number of lice in a population to oviposit. Skin temperature can determine the lateral distribution of the eggs in the natural environment. A fibre of suitable diameter is also necessary. D. equi cannot attach its eggs to the coarse hairs of the face, mane, tail, and legs whereas H. asini is able to do so. As the coarse hairs of the mane, tail, and legs are not shed with the fine hairs of the coat at the beginning of summer and winter the shedding of the coat effects a more severe reduction of the population of D. equi than of H. asini.

The distribution of the eggs of Mammalian Lice on their hosts. 3. The distriubtion of the eggs of Damalinia ovis (L) on the sheep.

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Murray
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lateral Distribution ◽  
Temperature Zone ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Main Factor

The eggs of Damalinia ovis (L.) are attached to the wool and hair fibres of the sheep and have a vertical and lateral distribution, i.e. they may be laid at different distances from the skin and their distribution over the body of the sheep may vary. The vertical distribution of the newly laid eggs of D. ovis is determined by the distance to which the temperature zone suitable for oviposition extends from the skin. This is regulated mainly by skin temperature, skin topography, the depth of the air blanket trapped within the fleece, and atmospheric temperature. Usually the eggs are laid within 1/4 in. of the skin. The factors which influence the lateral distribution are the presence of suitable fibres and temperatures for oviposition. Eggs are not laid on the bare areas of the body because fibres are absent. There are, however, few bare areas on the sheep. The bases of certain hairs on the face, legs, and axilla and inguinal regions are too large in diameter for oviposition but mingled with them are many fibres which are suitable. As there are no areas on the sheep which are entirely covered with hairs of unsuitable diameter for oviposition, fibre diameter has little influence on the lateral distribution of the eggs of D. ovis. When sheep are exposed to low atmospheric temperatures, the skin temperature of the extremities falls below that at which D. ovis can oviposit. Skin temperature is the main factor which determines the lateral distribution of the eggs of D. ovis on the sheep.

Challenging Gender Hierarchies in Narratives of the Nation: Representations of Women in Zintgraff and the Battle of Mankon and Hard Choice

Imbizo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Epongse Nkealah ◽  
Olutoba Gboyega Oluwasuji
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Hard Choice ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Gender Hierarchies ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Representations Of Women ◽  
Do So

Ideas of nationalisms as masculine projects dominate literary texts by African male writers. The texts mirror the ways in which gender differentiation sanctions nationalist discourses and in turn how nationalist discourses reinforce gender hierarchies. This article draws on theoretical insights from the work of Anne McClintock and Elleke Boehmer to analyse two plays: Zintgraff and the Battle of Mankon by Bole Butake and Gilbert Doho and Hard Choice by Sunnie Ododo. The article argues that women are represented in these two plays as having an ambiguous relationship to nationalism. On the one hand, women are seen actively changing the face of politics in their societies, but on the other hand, the means by which they do so reduces them to stereotypes of their gender.

Empire and the Johannine Epistles

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-557
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mission Field ◽  
The Church ◽  
Do So

In what ways are the Johannine Epistles a response to empire ideology and propaganda? These Epistles proclaim a more complete and correct cosmology, a greater Savior and soteriology, a better pedagogy, a truer doctrine, a sounder koinōnia, and a more nurturing paterfamilias; moreover, they do so while indicting schismatics, who, in the view of the elder, represent the face of the empire. Although the resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ drive the elder’s witness and ministry, he must still shape his message to counter the encroachment of empire in the church and on the mission field.

Associated change in plantar temperature and sweating after transthoracic endoscopic T2–3 sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jung Chen ◽  
Cheng-Loong Liang ◽  
Kang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Palmar Hyperhidrosis ◽  
Compensatory Sweating ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Transthoracic endoscopic T2–3 sympathectomy is currently the treatment of choice for palmar hyperhidrosis. Compensatory sweating of the face, trunk, thigh, and sole of the foot was found in more than 50% of patients who underwent this procedure. The authors conducted this study to investigate the associated intraoperative changes in plantar skin temperature and postoperative plantar sweating. Methods. One hundred patients with palmar hyperhidrosis underwent bilateral transthoracic endoscopic T2–3 sympathectomy. There were 60 female and 40 male patients who ranged in age from 13 to 40 years (mean age 21.6 years). Characteristics studied included changes in palmar and plantar skin temperature measured intraoperatively, as well as pre- and postoperative changes in plantar sweating and sympathetic skin responses (SSRs). In 59 patients (59%) elevation of plantar temperature was demonstrated at the end of the surgical procedure. In this group, plantar sweating was found to be exacerbated in three patients (5%); plantar sweating was improved in 52 patients (88.1%); and no change was demonstrated in four patients (6.8%). In the other group of patients in whom no temperature change occurred, increased plantar sweating was demonstrated in three patients (7.3%); plantar sweating was improved in 20 patients (48.8%); and no change was shown in 18 patients (43.9%). The difference between temperature and sweating change was significant (p = 0.001). Compared with the presympathectomy rate, the rate of absent SSR also significantly increased after sympathectomy: from 20 to 76% after electrical stimulation and 36 to 64% after deep inspiration stimulation, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions. In contrast to compensatory sweating in other parts of the body after T2–3 sympathetomy, improvement in plantar sweating was shown in 72% and worsened symptoms in 6% of patients. The intraoperative plantar skin temperature change and perioperative SSR demonstrated a correlation between these changes.

Effects of temperature and wind on facial temperature, heart rate, and sensation

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LeBlanc ◽  
B. Blais ◽  
B. Barabe ◽  
J. Cote
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Reflex Bradycardia ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Cold Wind

Skin temperature measurements of the face have shown that the cheek cools faster than the nose and the nose faster than the forehead. The cooling effect of wind is maximum at wind speeds between 4.5 and 6.7 m/s. Cold winds produce significant bradycardia, which is, however, much more pronounced during the expiratory phase of respiration. A significant correlation was noted between cooling of face and the reflex bradycardia observed. Similarly, a very significant correlation was noted between drop in skin temperature and subjective evaluation of cold discomfort. Consequently, the drop in skin temperature, reflex bradycardia, and subjective evaluation are parameters which are directly affected by cold wind and can be used as adequate indicators of the degree of discomfort. When comparing the present results with the windchill index, it was found that in the zone described as “dangerously cold” the index fits well with the physiological measurements. In the zone described as “bitterly cold,” the index by comparison with actual skin temperature measurements and subjective evaluation underestimates the cooling effects of combined temperature and wind by approximately 10 degrees C.

scholarly journals Leviathan, or the Rudder of Public Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Denis Horgan ◽  
Walter Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Big Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Member States ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Do So

In the world of modern health, despite the fact that we've been blessed with amazing advances of late - the advent of personalised medicine is just one example - “change” for most citizens seems slow. There are clear discrepancies in availability of the best care for all, the divisions in access from country to country, wealthy to poor, are large. There are even discrepancies between regions of the larger countries, where access often varies alarmingly. Too many Member States (with their competence for healthcare) appear to be clinging stubbornly to the concept of “one-size-fits-all” in healthcare and often stifle advances possible through personalised medicine. Meanwhile, the legislative arena encompassing health has grown big and unwieldy in many respects. And bigger is not always better. The health advances spoken of above, an increased knowledge on the part of patients, the emergence of Big Data and more, are quickly changing the face of healthcare in Europe. But healthcare thinking across the EU isn't changing fast enough. The new technologies will certainly speak for themselves, but only if allowed to do so. Acknowledging that, this article highlights a positive reform agenda, while explaining that new avenues need to be explored.

scholarly journals Diagnostics in ballast water management

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Bielski ◽  
Jacek Wachowicz ◽  
Ryszard Bielski ◽  
Arkadiusz Adamczyk ◽  
Hendra Jantanata
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Diagnostics in ballast water management is the main remedy to protect against the threat of spreading invasive species that can be carried in ships' ballast tanks. This phenomenon is getting better known and understood. New and more effective methods of preventing threats related to this are being developed. Procedures are created to ensure environmental safety in the face of ever-increasing transport by sea. The article characterizes both the background of the problem, basic diagnostic medics used in ballast water management, as well as procedures and basic techniques used to ensure the safety of the natural environment..

Webs of Community

2018 ◽  
pp. 129-161
Author(s):  
Susan Sleeper-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Kin Relations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Village Life ◽  
Indian Control ◽  
Do So

A network of Indian trading villages dominated the tributary rivers of the Ohio and fostered Indian control over the exchange process. The face-to-face exchange process that characterized these villages ushered in a golden age of Indigenous prosperity as Indian women sought new types of cloth, incorporated silks and calicoes into their wardrobes, and demanded silver ornaments to highlight and decorate their clothing. Kin-based networks controlled trade as well as social relations in the region. Traders who sought a share of this prosperity resided in these Indian trading villages and carefully observed Indigenous trade protocols. Those who failed to do so found themselves unwelcome in Indian villages. Change was ongoing: newcomers were incorporated, populations multiplied, and village life was defined by evolving kin relations. These changes occurred within the framework of an Indian world, one that was increasingly shaped by Miami hegemony over the Wabash region. Intermarriage blurred social borders and simultaneously created pathways to authority and power.

As regards written and signed contracts, the usual view is that the Divisional Court’s decision in L’Estrange v Graucob Ltd is conclusive. If so, the rule is that a person is bound by any contract to which they have appended their signature. The effect of signature (in the absence of fraud, duress, misrepresentation or a possible plea of non est factum) is seen as indicating assent to the terms proposed in the contract. In this case, the buyer of cigarette vending machine for use in a seaside café had signed a sales agreement (printed on brown paper!) in the presence of the representative of the seller. The machine did not work satisfactorily, and the buyer (Mrs L’Estrange) claimed damages for (inter alia) breach of an implied warranty that the machine was not fit for the purpose for which it was sold. The principal defence of the seller was that the sales agreement contained a clause expressly providing for the exclusion of all implied warranties. The buyer agreed that she had not read the agreement, and knew nothing of its content. Moreover, the clause excluding warranties could not easily be read, owing to the smallness of the print. The Divisional Court (Scrutton and Maugham LJJ) found in favour of the seller. In the words of Scrutton LJ (at p 404): ‘In this case, the plaintiff has signed a document headed “Sales Agreement”, which she admits had to do with an intended purchase and which contained a clause excluding all conditions and warranties. That being so, the plaintiff, having put her signature to the document and not having been induced to do so by any fraud or misrepresentation, cannot be heard to say that she is not bound by the terms of the document because she has not read them.’ The decision is often cited as an extreme instance of the courts’ refusal to countenance any solution which limits parties’ freedom to contract, however unjust the results. It has been argued that the decision flies in the face of a

1995 ◽  
pp. 127-127
Keyword(s):  
The Face ◽  
Do So

Causality and Filling the Ignorance Gap

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-194
Author(s):  
Sara E. Gorman ◽  
Jack M. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Rational Thinking ◽  
Know How ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Do So

This chapter evaluates uncertainty and why people feel the need to fill the ignorance gap. The tendency to want to know why things are as they are and figuring out what caused what often leads people to incorrect or even dangerous scientific conclusions. The chapter argues that it is highly adaptive to know how to attribute causality but that people are often too quick to do so. This is another instance in which adaptive, evolutionary qualities have done people a disservice in the face of complex debates and rational thinking. In particular, people have a difficult time sitting with uncertainty and an especially hard time accepting coincidence. The chapter then considers the evidence from decades of psychological research showing people’s misunderstanding of cause and effect and the elaborate coping mechanisms they have developed as a result. It also suggests some ways to help people better comprehend true causality, without diminishing their ability to attribute cause when it is in fact appropriate.

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