Studies in functional and analytical graniology. 2. The functional classification of Mammalian Skulls

1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Mammalian Skull ◽  
Flat Arch

The stresses exerted in the alveolar process are transmitted onto other parts of the skull by means of arches or resisted lacally. The arches are: (a) long, (b) short, and (c) flat. Accordingly, the functional taxonomy of the mammalian skull is based on the conception of the breviarcuate skull (short arch), the longoarcuate skull (long arch), and the planoarcuate skull (flat arch). The structural evolution of these types from the primitive skull is illustrated and described.

Objective and parametric methods used in functional classification disabled swimmers

Physiotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Uścinowicz ◽  
Wojciech Seidel ◽  
Paweł Zostawa ◽  
Sebastian Klich
Keyword(s):  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractThe recent Olympic Games in London incited much interest in the competition of disabled athletes. Various people connected with swimming, including coaches and athletes, have speculated about the fairness of competitions of disabled athletes. A constant problem are the subjective methods of classification in disabled sport. Originally, athletes with disabilities were classified according to medical diagnosis. Due to the injustice which still affects the competitors, functional classification was created shortly after. In the present review, the authors show the anomalies in the structure of the classification. The presented discovery led to the suggestion to introduce objective methods, thanks to which it would be no longer necessary to rely on the subjective assessment of the classifier. According to the authors, while using objective methods does not completely rule out the possibility of fraud by disabled athletes in the classification process, it would certainly reduce their incidence. Some of the objective methods useful for the classification of disabled athletes are: posturography, evaluation of the muscle parameters, electrogoniometric assessment, surface electromyography, and analysis of kinematic parameters. These methods have provide objective evaluation in the diagnostic sense but only if they are used in tandem. The authors demonstrate the undeniable benefits of using objective methods. Unfortunately, there are not only advantages of such solution, there also several drawbacks to be found. The conclusion of the article is the statement by the authors that it is right to use objective methods which allow to further the most important rule in sport: fair-play.

Functional Classification of Feed Items in Pampa Grassland, Based on Their Near-Infrared Spectrum

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-367
Author(s):  
Júlio Cezar Rebés Azambuja Filho ◽  
Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho ◽  
Olivier Jean François Bonnet ◽  
Denis Bastianelli ◽  
Magali Jouven
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
Near Infrared Spectrum

Structure-based functional classification of hypothetical protein MTH538 from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum 1 1Edited by P. Wright

2000 ◽  
Vol 302 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R Cort ◽  
Adelinda Yee ◽  
Aled M Edwards ◽  
Cheryl H Arrowsmith ◽  
Michael A Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Hypothetical Protein ◽  
Methanobacterium Thermoautotrophicum ◽  
Functional Classification

Limb distribution, motor impairment, and functional classification of cerebral palsy

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Willem Gorter ◽  
Peter L Rosenbaum ◽  
Steven E Hanna ◽  
Robert J Palisano ◽  
Doreen J Bartlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Functional Classification

scholarly journals Single‐cell analyses reveal functional classification of dendritic cells and their potential roles in inflammatory disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 3784-3794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Shi ◽  
Fei Zhuang ◽  
Ji-Ting Liu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Yuan-Xiu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Functional Classification

scholarly journals Influence of bone anatomical morphology of mandibular molars on dental implant based on CBCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-lin Kong ◽  
Ge-ge Wang ◽  
Xue-ying Liu ◽  
Zhang-yan Ye ◽  
Dong-qian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Basal Bone ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Anatomical Relationship ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Implant Restoration

Abstract Background To apply CBCT to investigate the anatomical relationship between the mandibular molar and alveolar bone, aimed to provide clinical guidelines for the design of implant restoration. Methods 201 CBCT data were reevaluated to measure height of the alveolar process (EF), width of the alveolar process (GH), width of the basal bone (IJ), the angle between the long axis of the first molar and the alveolar bone (∠a) and the angle between the long axis of the alveolar bone and basal bone (∠b). The angle and width were measured to determine the implant-prosthodontic classification of the morphology in the left lower first molar (36) and right lower first molar (46). All measurements were performed on the improved cross-sectional images. Results EF, GH and IJ were measured as (10.83 ± 1.31) mm, (13.93 ± 2.00) mm and (12.68 ± 1.96) mm for 36, respectively; and (10.87 ± 1.24) mm, (13.86 ± 1.93) mm and (12.60 ± 1.90) mm for 46, respectively. No statistical significance was observed in EF, GH, IJ, ∠a and ∠b between 36 and 46 (all P > 0.05). The morphology was divided into three categories including the straight (68.7–69.2%), oblique (19.9–20.4%) and concave types (11%). Each type was consisted of two subcategories. Conclusions The proposed classification could provide evidence for appropriate selection and direction design of the mandibular molar implant in clinical. The concave type was the most difficult to implant with the highest risk of lingual perforation. The implant length, width, direction required more attention.

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