Effects of diet change on carbon and nitrogen stable-isotope ratios in blood cells and plasma of the long-nosed bandicoot (Perameles nasuta)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Klaassen ◽  
Michele Thums ◽  
Ian D. Hume
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Diet Change ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Tissue Discrimination ◽  
C And N ◽  
Diet Shifts ◽  
Assimilated Diet

Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes offer a powerful tool for assessing the extent of tissue assimilation of dietary components. However, the method relies on knowledge of diet–tissue isotopic discrimination and how quickly diet shifts become apparent in various tissues. In the present study, blood plasma and blood cells, tissues that are easily obtained under field conditions, were used to validate the stable isotope method over a period of 4–5 weeks using captive long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta). Diet–tissue discrimination effects appeared to be small. For C, derived diet–tissue isotopic discriminations were 1.4‰ for blood plasma and –0.2‰ for blood cells. For N the values were 2.8‰ and 2.1‰, respectively, and were independent of the nitrogen content of the food. C and N turnover measurements in the blood plasma and cells of the bandicoots indicated that blood plasma provides dietary information integrated over a period of ~3 weeks, whereas blood cells give an impression of the assimilated diet over a period of as much as half a year. These turnover rates were low compared with the little information available for birds and eutherian mammals, and probably relate to the typically low metabolic rate of marsupials.

Long-term variation in isotopic baselines and implications for estimating consumer trophic niches

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2191-2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Solomon ◽  
Stephen R. Carpenter ◽  
James A. Rusak ◽  
M. Jake Vander Zanden
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
C And N ◽  
Trophic Niches

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios are increasingly used to study long-term food web change. Temporal variation at the base of the food web may impact the accuracy of trophic niche estimates, but data describing interannual baseline variation are limited. We quantified baseline variation over a 23-year period in a north-temperate lake and used a simulation model to examine how this variation might affect consumer trophic niche estimates. Interannual variation in C and N stable isotope ratios was significant for both benthic and pelagic primary consumer baselines. Long-term linear trends and shorter-term autoregressive patterns were apparent in the data. There were no correlations among benthic and pelagic C and N baselines. Simulations demonstrated that error in estimated fish trophic niches, but not bias, increased substantially when sampling of baselines was incomplete. Accurate trophic niche estimates depended more on accurate estimation of baseline time series than on accurate estimation of growth and turnover rates. These results highlight the importance of previous and continued efforts to constrain bias and error in long-term stable isotope food web studies.

Carbon- and nitrogen-isotope tissue–diet discrimination and turnover rates in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Miller ◽  
J. S. Millar ◽  
F. J. Longstaffe
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Commercial Laboratory ◽  
C And N

The dietary habits of most small mammals are not well documented, and stable isotope measurements can provide information on when and how diets change. Here we document the discrimination and turnover times for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in blood, liver, muscle, hair, and milk from deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner, 1845)) fed a controlled diet. Nonbreeding adults and pregnant females were livetrapped, maintained on a commercial laboratory chow, and had tissues sampled on a regular schedule. After adjusting to the laboratory diet, most tissues of nonbreeding adults were slightly depleted of 13C and enriched in 15N relative to diet (Δ13Ctissue–diet range = 0.3‰ to –1.1 ‰; Δ15Ntissue–diet range = 1.9‰ to 3.4‰). Liver (half-lives of 2.8 and 3.6 days for C and N, respectively) turned over more rapidly than blood (22.4 and 19.8 days for C and N, respectively) and muscle (18.7 and 24.8 days for C and N, respectively). The isotopic compositions of nonbreeding and breeding adults indicated tissue turnover at approximately the same rate, but juvenile tissues reflected the laboratory diet much more quickly than adult tissues.

scholarly journals Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionation between diet and swine tissues

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bielefeld Nardoto ◽  
Patricia Barboza de Godoy ◽  
Epaminondas Sansigolo de Barros Ferraz ◽  
Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto ◽  
Luiz Antonio Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotopic Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Reconstruction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
C And N ◽  
The One

Naturally occurring stable isotope ratios can be a powerful tool in studies of animal nutrition, provided that the assumptions required for dietary reconstruction are validated by studies such as the one presented here. The objective of this study was to document the magnitude of isotopic fractionation between swine diet and their different tissues. For this, the isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen of the diet and selected tissues (hair, nail, liver, muscle, fat and cartilage) were determined. The delta13C and delta15N of the diet were -15.9‰ and 1.3‰, respectively, and all delta15N of swine tissues were 2.2 to 3.0‰ enriched in 15N in relation to the diet. Little variation in delta15N occurred among tissues, with exception to liver that was less enriched in 15N than the nail. Nail and hair presented no 13C enrichment relative to diet. Cartilage was ~1.0‰ enriched in 13C as compared to diet. Liver and muscle were on average 2.1‰ more depleted in 13C in relation to diet as well as fat tissues. Some of the C and N isotope ratios of swine tissues differed in organs, but the isotopic fractionation trends among tissues appears to be similar to other mammals. Therefore our data provide a good baseline to interpret stable isotope patterns in domestic mammals (such as swine) in controlled or semi-controlled experiments.

Metabolic protein replacement drives tissue turnover in adult mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 992-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne S. Arneson ◽  
Stephen MacAvoy ◽  
Ethan Basset
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sulfur Isotopes ◽  
Diet Change ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Adult Mice

Stable isotopes are increasingly being used to examine ecological and physiological questions, such as dietary choices, migration routes and timing, and physiological condition. To address these questions in the field, laboratory experiments must be done to determine diet–tissue discrimination values and turnover rates for stable isotopes in tissues. In this study, we examined the carbon and nitrogen turnover rates of whole blood, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, heart, and brain, as well as the sulfur turnover rate of whole blood, skeletal muscle, and liver in Mus musculus L., 1758 following a diet change. By examining tissue isotope change in two groups of mice fed different diets, we found that tissues turnover at different rates (in order of fastest to slowest — liver, kidney, heart, brain, whole blood, skeletal muscle), but that carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotopes turned over with similar half-lives within a single tissue. By using a diet with different nutrient isotopic values, we also calculated that up to approximately 90%–95% of carbon in newly synthesized tissue was contributed by dietary protein. These results will provide field researchers with additional tissue isotopic half-lives to elucidate dietary history with a greater degree of certainty. The tissue sulfur half-lives provide an extra stable isotope that may be used in situations where carbon and nitrogen values do not differ between old and new nutrient sources.

scholarly journals Tissue–diet discrimination factors and turnover of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 961-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. DeMots ◽  
James M. Novak ◽  
Karen F. Gaines ◽  
Aaron J. Gregor ◽  
Christopher S. Romanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Ecology ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Stable isotope analysis has become an increasingly valuable tool in investigating animal ecology. Here we document the turnover rates for carbon in the liver, muscle, and whole blood tissue, as well as the tissue–diet discrimination values for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the liver, whole blood, muscle, and hair, of the white-footed mouse ( Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque, 1818)). A 168-day diet-switching experiment was conducted with a laboratory population of white-footed mice. The δ13C values for all tissues deviated less than 1‰ from those of the diet except for whole blood, which had a slightly higher tissue–diet discrimination factor of 1.8‰. All tissues were enriched in 15N by approximately 3‰ relative to the diet except for liver tissue, which was 4.5‰ higher than the dietary δ15N value. Turnover rates for tissues of white-footed mice were ranked liver > whole blood > muscle. The half-lives calculated for liver tissue differed significantly between the two diet switches performed in this experiment. We demonstrate that there is potential for variation in tissue–diet discrimination values and tissue turnover rates between even closely related species. These findings highlight the importance of determining species-specific estimates of these parameters prior to the use of stable isotope analysis in field investigations of animal ecology.

scholarly journals Stable isotope turnover rates and fractionation in captive California yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis): insights for application to field studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Owyn E. Snodgrass ◽  
John R. Hyde ◽  
Heidi Dewar
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Tissue Discrimination ◽  
Aquaculture Feed ◽  
Discrimination Factors ◽  
Seriola Dorsalis

AbstractStable isotope analysis (SIA) measurements from long-term captivity studies provide required parameters for interpretation of consumer SIA data. We raised young-of-the-year (14–19 cm) California yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis) on a low δ15N and δ13C diet (pellet aquaculture feed) for 525 days, then switched to a high δ15N and δ13C diet (mackerel and squid) for 753 days. Yellowtail muscle was sequentially sampled from each individual after the diet switch (0 to 753 days) and analyzed for δ15N and δ13C, allowing for calculation of diet-tissue discrimination factors (DTDFs) from two isotopically different diets (low δ15N and δ13C: pellets; high δ15N and δ13C: fish/squid) and turnover rates of 15N and 13C. DTDFs were diet dependent: Δ15N = 5.1‰, Δ13C = 3.6‰ for pellets and Δ15N = 2.6‰, Δ13C = 1.3‰ for fish/squid. Half-life estimates from 15N and 13C turnover rates for pooled yellowtail were 181 days and 341 days, respectively, but varied considerably by individual (15N: 99–239 d; 13C: 158–899 d). Quantifying DTDFs supports isotopic approaches to field data that assume isotopic steady-state conditions (e.g., mixing models for diet reconstruction). Characterizing and quantifying turnover rates allow for estimates of diet/habitat shifts and “isotopic clock” approaches, and observed inter-individual variability suggests the need for large datasets in field studies. We provide diet-dependent DTDFs and growth effects on turnover rates, and associated error around these parameters, for application to field-collected SIA data from other large teleosts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document