Multiple paternity and communal maternal care in the feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa L. Parrott ◽  
Simon J. Ward ◽  
David A. Taggart
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Care ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Techniques ◽  
Behavioural Evidence

It has been predicted, on the basis of morphological and behavioural evidence, that female feathertail gliders (Acrobates pygmaeus) will mate with multiple males within a single oestrus and that multiple paternity may occur in their litters. To determine whether feathertail glider litters are sired by multiple males, DNA collected from 10 litters and their mothers was tested for hereditary polymorphisms. The techniques used to evaluate paternity included AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphisms), RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) and RAMP (randomly amplified microsatellite polymorphisms) analyses and microsatellite markers. Although most genetic techniques produced only monomorphic bands, analyses with AFLPs indicated that multiple paternity did occur in six of eight litters, confirming that multiple mating within a single oestrous period occurs in this species. Results further indicated that mothers care for young other than their own. On the basis of their high testes-to-bodyweight ratio, male-biased sexual size dimorphism and multiple paternity in litters, sperm competition is considered highly likely to occur in this species.

Morphology and diet of two sympatric colubrid snakes, Chironius flavolineatus and Chironius quadricarinatus (Serpentes: Colubridae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Augusto Vuolo Marques ◽  
Ronaldo Fernandes ◽  
Roberta Richard Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Dietary Ecology ◽  
Arboreal Habit

Abstract The morphometry and diet of two sympatric species of Chironius (C. flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus) from Brazilian Cerrado are described. The two snake species differ in external morphology, as Chironius flavolineatus was the largest species (body, tail and eyes) whereas C. quadricarinatus the heaviest. Each species also showed marked sexual size dimorphism. In terms of dietary ecology, both species feed exclusively on frogs with a heavy preference for hylids and may have tendency to eat small items, as noticed in other colubrine species. These two snake species showed a brownish colour pattern and exhibited no ontogenetic variation, suggesting that juveniles and adults use similar substrates. Chironius flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus present a semi-arboreal habit, with active foraging behaviour, feeding in the ground most of time. Chironius flavolineatus uses higher vegetation for resting and, based on morphological results, seems to be more arboreal than C. quadricarinatus.

Latitudinal clines in sexual selection, sexual size dimorphism, and sex‐specific genetic dispersal during a poleward range expansion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Y. Dudaniec ◽  
Alexander R. Carey ◽  
Erik I. Svensson ◽  
Bengt Hansson ◽  
Chuan Ji Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Latitudinal Clines

scholarly journals A uni- and multivariate analysis approach to reveal sexual size dimorphism in Iranian populations of Hypera postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sanaei ◽  
Marjan Seiedy ◽  
Farzaneh Momtazi
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Hypera Postica ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Divergence Pattern ◽  
Iranian Populations

Abstract Body size dimorphism between genders is a commonly observed phenomenon in insects, usually manifested in larger female body size. Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD) varies from species to species, the degree and direction influenced by certain evolutionary pressures. Intraspecific variation in SSD may also occur between populations. The Hypera postica (Gyllenhal, 1813) is a well-known alfalfa plant pest that shows a degree of morphological divergence in its populations. The female alfalfa weevils are very fecund and have a larger body size compared to males. To improve our knowledge on magnitude and direction of SSD in alfalfa weevil, we studied 200 specimens of H. postica from four Iranian populations (Karaj1, Karaj2, Tuyserkan and Jovein). 10 morphological variables from three external anatomic parts (pronotum, elytra and rostrum) and 45 ratio characters were statistically analyzed in order to determine the amount of SSD in Iranian populations. In addition we investigated for morphological divergence pattern in mentioned populations. The results of this study show that a low degree of morphological divergence occurs in Iranian populations. Measured variables indicate that the SSD pattern of H. postica is compatible with the Rensch’s rule, and is related to high fecundity of females and a lack of strong sexual selection. Also it is mentioned that the larger rostrum in females may correspond to its unique role in egg laying.

Genetic analysis of sexual size dimorphism in Markhoz goat

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Baneh ◽  
Mostafa Ghaderi-Zefrehei ◽  
Raana Pouryaei ◽  
Ajoy Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Size Dimorphism

A Demonstration of a 1:1 Correspondence Between Chiasma Frequency and Recombination Using a Lolium perenne/Festuca pratensis Substitution

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J King ◽  
L A Roberts ◽  
M J Kearsey ◽  
H M Thomas ◽  
R N Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Frequency Counts

Abstract A single chromosome of the grass species Festuca pratensis has been introgressed into Lolium perenne to produce a diploid monosomic substitution line (2n = 2x = 14). The chromatin of F. pratensis and L. perenne can be distinguished by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and it is therefore possible to visualize the substituted F. pratensis chromosome in the L. perenne background and to study chiasma formation in a single marked bivalent. Recombination occurs freely in the F. pratensis/L. perenne bivalent, and chiasma frequency counts give a predicted map length for this bivalent of 76 cM. The substituted F. pratensis chromosome was also mapped with 104 EcoRI/Tru91 and HindIII/Tru91 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), generating a marker map of 81 cM. This map length is almost identical to the map length of 76 cM predicted from the chiasma frequency data. The work demonstrates a 1:1 correspondence between chiasma frequency and recombination and, in addition, the absence of chromatid interference across the Festuca and Lolium centromeres.

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