The Ecology of House Mice (Mus Domesticus) in and Around Irrigated Summer Crops in Western New South Wales.

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
LE Twigg ◽  
BJ Kay
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Cotton Mouse ◽  
Roadside Verges

A 28-month live-trapping survey was undertaken to investigate the ecology of house mice in an irrigated summer cropping system in western New South Wales. Five broad habitat types were examined: refuge habitat (e.g. roadside verges), grazed dryland pasture, and the irrigated summer crops soyabeans, sorghum/maize and cotton. Mouse abundance in most habitats peaked around March-April in each year, and then declined to relatively low levels by the end of spring. Mice were always present in refugia but were often at very low numbers or absent from pasture and cotton. Very few mice were caught on paddocks used for summer crops during their fallow stage, but quickly appeared immediately following sowing. Of the summer crops, the maintenance of relatively high numbers of mice was greatest in soyabean crops. Breeding occurred in several habitats throughout much of the year but was generally greatest in October-March. Grazed pasture and cotton had the fewest breeding females and refuge habitat the most. These results are compared with other published studies, and their implications for management strategies are discussed.

Feeding ecology and population dynamics of the feral cat (Felis catus) in relation to the availability of prey in central-eastern New South Wales

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Molsher ◽  
Alan Newsome ◽  
Chris Dickman
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Central Eastern

The diet of feral cats (Felis catus) was studied at Lake Burrendong, central-eastern New South Wales, from July 1994 to June 1997. Mammals were the major prey in 499 scats that were analysed. Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were the staple prey, while carrion was an important secondary food. Invertebrates, other mammalian prey, vegetation, birds and reptiles were generally minor components of the diet. Few significant seasonal differences in diet were found; however, invertebrates contributed less and possums more to the diet in winter and summer respectively. A significant dietary response was found to changes in rabbit abundance, but not for the other prey types. Cats continued to prey heavily on rabbits even after a 90% decline in rabbit abundance occurred, which coincided with the advent of Rabbit Calicivirus Disease (RCD). House mice (Mus domesticus) increased in importance in the diet ten months post-RCD. Although the abundance of cats was correlated with the abundance of some prey species, other factors may have influenced the observed patterns; these are discussed.

scholarly journals Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxin Monitoring in Commercial Wild Harvest Bivalve Shellfish in New South Wales, Australia

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel Farrell ◽  
Penelope Ajani ◽  
Shauna Murray ◽  
Phil Baker ◽  
Grant Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Wild Harvest ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Shellfish Toxin ◽  
Anadara Granosa

An end-product market survey on biotoxins in commercial wild harvest shellfish (Plebidonax deltoides, Katelysia spp., Anadara granosa, Notocallista kingii) during three harvest seasons (2015–2017) from the coast of New South Wales, Australia found 99.38% of samples were within regulatory limits. Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) were present in 34.27% of 321 samples but only in pipis (P. deltoides), with two samples above the regulatory limit. Comparison of these market survey data to samples (phytoplankton in water and biotoxins in shellfish tissue) collected during the same period at wild harvest beaches demonstrated that, while elevated concentrations of Dinophysis were detected, a lag in detecting bloom events on two occasions meant that wild harvest shellfish with DSTs above the regulatory limit entered the marketplace. Concurrently, data (phytoplankton and biotoxin) from Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) harvest areas in estuaries adjacent to wild harvest beaches impacted by DSTs frequently showed elevated Dinophysis concentrations, but DSTs were not detected in oyster samples. These results highlighted a need for distinct management strategies for different shellfish species, particularly during Dinophysis bloom events. DSTs above the regulatory limit in pipis sampled from the marketplace suggested there is merit in looking at options to strengthen the current wild harvest biotoxin management strategies.

Pastures in temperate rice rotations of south-eastern Australia

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 959 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAE Lattimore
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Legume-based pastures have long been an integral part of rice growing in the southern New South Wales irrigation areas and still offer potential to improve the productivity, profitability, and sustainability of the temperate rice-cropping system.This paper reviews both historical and current aspects of pastures in temperate rice rotations in southern New South Wales and highlights the importance of pastures in sustaining this cropping system as environmental pressures increase. Topics discussed include pasture species and rotations, their role in improving soil fertility and sustainability, the value of pastures in weed control, and their management for maximum profitability.

Evaluation of Bromadiolone Against House Mouse (Mus Domesticus) Populations in Irrigated Soybean Crops. Ii. Economics.

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Singleton ◽  
LE Twigg ◽  
KE Weaver ◽  
BJ Kay
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Mus Domesticus ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Bait Stations

The economics of controlling house mice [M. musculus] using 0.005% bromadiolone-treated wheat placed in bait stations within soyabean crops was evaluated in New South Wales during 1989 when mouse densities were approx. 200-300/ha. Damage by mice to soyabean crops was assessed up to 200 m into 2 crops (1 with bait and 1 without) on each of 2 farms just before baiting, and 22 and 42 d after baiting. Mouse damage in each crop was always <10%, and was greatest in patches of high crop density. Damage was similar at the crop perimeters and up to 100 m into the crops, but 200 m from crop perimeters, damage was less prevalent. By 42 d after baiting, the differences in crop losses relative to pre-baiting damage levels were minimal. Estimates of losses caused by mice in 3 of the principal soyabean growing regions of New South Wales were obtained from all farmers who grew soyabeans in 1988-89. The combined losses caused by mice to growers in these regions in 1989 was about $A2 million.

Evaluation of natural annual pastures at Trangie in central western New South Wales. 1. Sheep production

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (62) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
RJ Campbell ◽  
DG Saville ◽  
GE Robards
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Sheep Wool

Natural annual pasture at Trangie, New South Wales, was set stocked from August, 1967 to December 1970 at rates of 2.5, 3.7, and 4.9 merino wethers per ha to determine an optimum stocking rate for the pasture type. All stocking rates were supported without the necessity to hand feed any sheep. Wool production per head was reduced significantly by increased stocking rate in 1968, but not in 1969 and 1970. The suppression of barley grass at the higher stocking rates appeared to benefit animal production in 1969. Substitution of portion of the natural annual pasture with areas of lucerne or natural perennial pasture was also investigated and found to be ineffective in increasing wool production per head above that of wethers at similar rates of stocking on natural annual pasture alone. Possible reasons for the apparent failure of the grazing supplements, particularly lucerne, are discussed in terms of grazing pressure and management strategies.

Integrated parasite management for sheep reduces the effects of gastrointestinal nematodes on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kelly ◽  
L. P. Kahn ◽  
S. W. Walkden-Brown
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
South Wales

An experiment was conducted over 2 years on six commercial farms to quantify the costs of gastrointestinal nematode parasitism on grazing Merino ewes on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. To determine the effect of worm management practices, three farms implemented integrated parasite management (IPM) strategies and three farms continued to implement regionally typical industry practice (TYP). On each farm, 120 ewes born in 2006 and 120 mature age ewes were selected at shearing in 2007. Of these, 60 in each flock were serially treated with anthelmintics (CAP treatment) to suppress worm populations and the other 60 ewes were managed according to their respective farm management strategies (NOCAP treatment). Among NOCAP ewes, worm egg counts were significantly reduced over both years by IPM compared with TYP despite IPM farms requiring fewer anthelmintic treatments (3.5 vs 4.5 per year). In Year 1, mortality of sheep because of worms (CAP vs NOCAP) was significant on TYP farms (10.5%, P < 0.01) but was not apparent on IPM farms. Throughout the study, NOCAP ewes had significantly lower growth rates (–2.8 ± 0.1 kg/year, P < 0.01), produced less greasy wool (–170 ± 20 g, P < 0.01) and had reduced fibre diameter (–0.28 ± 0.05 μm, P < 0.01) when compared with CAP ewes. These effects were apparent for both TYP and IPM management. The results confirm the significant production loss caused by worms in a northern, summer rainfall region and show that IPM reduces the effect of worms and frequency of anthelmintic treatment compared with typical methods currently used by the industry.

Population characteristics and management of the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) in high-quality habitat in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda A. Norton ◽  
Alison Prentice ◽  
Juliet Dingle ◽  
Kris French ◽  
Andrew W. Claridge
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Fox Control ◽  
Potorous Tridactylus

Since European settlement in Australia the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) has suffered greatly from fox predation and habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation. To better understand the threats it faces we examined the population dynamics of the potoroo at two study sites in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales over five years, using live-trapping. As neither site had experienced inappropriate habitat change for over 25 years, fox predation was considered the major threat to this population. An assessment of fox activity and diet was undertaken at both sites for comparison with potoroo abundance. Potoroos increased at both sites over time, although at one site this increase was only in density and not range. The density increase would not have been detected using camera surveys, a monitoring technique recommended for this species. The relative abundance of foxes fluctuated over the study despite fox control in one of the two sites. Analysis of fox scats at the same sites indicated high levels of predation on potoroos. Future management should aim to provide effective fox control (particularly following any fire due to the associated loss of ground cover) and improved fox monitoring to ensure an accurate understanding of what is happening to the fox population.

The biology and management of Axonopus affinis (Chase) in Australian pastures

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. F. Henskens
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
South Wales

Carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis Chase) was described in terms of its botany, origin, distribution, seasonal growth, habitat, and dispersal. Factors that determine its agronomic importance were examined. Emphasis was given to management and ecological factors which influence competition between carpetgrass and sown pasture species. It is concluded that the management strategies that have been developed and successfully adopted in Queensland and New South Wales need to be tested for use in irrigated pastures in northern Victoria

Managing the Grey-Headed Flying-Fox as a Threatened Species in NSW. P. Eby and D. Lunney (Eds) A Review by Eleanor Wills.

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
E Wills
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pteropus Poliocephalus ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Flying Fox

THE grey-headed flying fox Pteropus poliocephalus is managed simultaneously under two contrasting paradigms in New South Wales (NSW), as a threatened species and as a pest in orchards and at camps in some urban centres. Many authors have called attention to the lack of understanding of the species and the obstacle this may pose for conservation efforts. Managing the grey-headed flying-fox as a threatened species in NSW was produced as a result of a forum held on the 28th of July 2001 by the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales. It provides a comprehensive and up-todate review of management strategies for the species, in the context of recent legislative changes.

Present and past distribution of Australian Brush-turkeys Alectura lathami in New South Wales ? implications for management

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Göth ◽  
Kirsty P. Nicol ◽  
Geoffrey Ross ◽  
Jim J. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
New South ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Population Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Alectura Lathami

Australian Brush-turkeys Alectura latham increasingly cause a considerable human-wildlife problem in New South Wales, especially in areas where they destroy gardens through their scratching activity. Wildlife managers Jack detailed information about the overall distribution of the species, which is essential for assessing its population status and the development of sustainable management strategies. To address this, we collated 1 564 reports on Australian Brushturkey distribution, from 1788 to April 2004. We show that the birds have disappeared from areas in the south, such as near Jindabyne, and from areas in the west, such as the Pilliga. The most obvious reasons for such a contraction are habitat destruction, hunting and predation by foxes and cats. At the same time, Brush-turkeys have recently been reported in the east, in coastal areas and the periphery of cities where the birds were previously absent or extirpated. However, we argue that such an apparent expansion should be viewed with caution, as this could partly also be explained by an increase in reporting activity, reduction in hunting pressure, and feeding by members of the public. Our analysis suggests that although the species has increased in numbers in coastal areas, it has withdrawn from regions in the southern and western part of its distribution.

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