The relationship bewteen rainfall , lion predation and population trends in African herbivores.

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
MGL Mills ◽  
HC Biggs ◽  
IJ Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
The Other ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Central District ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
African Herbivores

The relationship between rainfall, lion predation and population trends in African herbivores, with special emphasis on buffalo, wildebeest and zebra, was studied in the central district of the Kruger National Park between 1968 and 1992. The study commenced at the end of a dry cycle, and moved into a 10-year wet cycle that was followed by another 10-year dry cycle. Populations of the herbivores reacted differently to these cycles: those of wildebeest and zebra fluctuated inversely with rainfall, whereas those of buffalo and the other herbivores fluctuated directly with rainfall to a greater or lesser degree. The proprtions in which some species were represented in lion kill samples followed a similar trend, with wildebeest and zebra being more vulnerable in the wet cycle and buffalo and waterbuck being more vulnerable in the dry cycle. Simulations of the buffalo, wildebeest and zebra populations suggest that buffalo are more heavily influenced by predation during population declines than are the other two species, followed by wildebeest, with zebra experiencing the smallest influence. The driving force in the ecosystem, however, appeared to be rainfall.

scholarly journals A new species of Tomopterna (Anura: Ranidae) from the Kruger National Park, with notes on related species

Koedoe ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Passmore ◽  
V. C. Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Calling Behaviour ◽  
Mating Call ◽  
Mating Calls ◽  
New Form ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Tomoptema, T. krugerensis, sp. n., has been recorded from the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa.Morphologically it is very similar to T. delalandei cryptotis (Boulenger) but the mating call is markedly different from that of the other members of the genus and this is coupled with small but consistent morphological differences.T. krugerensis sp. n. is known to occur only on a portion of the western fringe of the vast sandveld areas of Mozambique, but possibly has a much wider distribution. Mating call, calling behaviour, eggs, early development and defence mechanisms are described. The affinities of the new form are discussed and the mating calls of other members of the genus are reviewed. Mating call is again shown to be a sensitive non-morphological taxonomic tool.

scholarly journals Notes on wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo population trends during a drought in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.L. Mills
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Lycaon Pictus ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
High Predation ◽  
Wild Dog

Wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo populations in the Kruger National Park appeared to undergo an increase during a drought period in the early 1990s. Newly established packs, high adult survival and pup productivity contributed to an increase in the wild dog population and evidence for high predation success during the height of the drought is presented. An increase in the lion density between 1989 and 1993 on the northern basalt plains, as well as changes in the structure of the population, seem to be related to changes in prey populations, particularly to a decline in numbers and condition of buffalo Syncerus cafer.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the history and population ecology of the tsessebe damaliscus lunatus lunatus in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C.J. Joubert ◽  
P.J.L. Bronkhorst
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

The population trends and distribution of the tsessebe population of the Kruger National Park are evaluated in terms of the available data derived from records compiled in the developmental history of the Kruger National Park (KNP). The recent numerical status of the population is also given. A description of the habitats favoured by tsessebe in the KNP is presented as well as an analysis of the age structure and sex-ratio of the population. Aspects of the social organisation of tsessebe affecting the interpretation of the age structure and sex-ratio phenomena of the population, are also discussed.

scholarly journals The contemporary geomorphology of the Letaba River in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P. Moon ◽  
G.L. Heritage
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
North East ◽  
Olifants River

The Letaba River drains part of Northern Province in north-east South Africa. Its catchment has been modified significantly by human activity which has affected the flow regime; it experiences only ephemeral flows through the Kruger National Park to its confluence with the Olifants River. Although the Letaba is similar to the other rivers in the Kruger National Park in that it displays some bedrock influenced channel features, increased sediment delivery from the degraded catchment upstream has resulted in extensive alluviation within the channel. Sections of channel flowing over bedrock with no sediment covering are rare, and the river comprises a series of channel types: mixed anastomosing, alluvial braided, mixed pool-rapid and alluvial single thread. Each is characterised by a different combination of morphological units which relate to the degree of alluviation in the channel. These channel types are described in detail and inferences are made concerning their formation and maintenance from field observation and measurement.

scholarly journals THE AGRO-PASTORAL CONFLICTS AND FORAGE SPECIES PRIZED BY CATTLE: CASE OF THE NORTHERN PERIPHERY OF THE MBAM AND DJEREM NATIONAL PARK (ADAMAOUA-CAMEROON)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 965-985
Author(s):  
Marie Mvu Njoya ◽  
◽  
Ambahe Duplex Rufin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
National Park ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

In the outskirts of the northern periphery of Mbam and Djerem National Park, agro-pastoral conflicts have become very frequent in recent years. The resulting damage is so surprising that it leaves no one indifferent. Unfortunately, many writings analyze the causes of these agro-pastoral conflicts without, however, dwelling on the fodder resources which constitute not only the staple food of cattle but also one of the primary factors of these antagonisms. To overcome this knowledge gap, the authors adopted the survey method in order to identify, on the one hand, the attributes of agro-pastoral conflicts and the plant species consumed in all seasons by cattle on the northern periphery of the PNMD and, on the other hand, the relationship between these forage species with the frequency of agro-pastoral conflicts according to the protagonists and the seasons. Thus, from field observations and a questionnaire sent to 44 breeders and 103 farmers in four control villages, it results, after processing the data, that the high frequency of conflicts experienced by the farmers in the dry season (35.9 %) and especially by the breeders (70.5%) is due to the location of the forage species prized in this season at the bottom of the valleys where the herds are concentrated and compete. On the other hand, the low frequency of conflicts experienced during the rainy season especially by breeders, except in Mbitom, is more justified by the extension of fodder registers to woody leaves from the start of this season. Finally, the fodder fields of Brachiaria constitute a partial solution to the shortage of pastures even if it sometimes gives rise to new conflicts between herders.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the herbaceous layer in preferred grazing areas of six herbivore species in the south-eastern Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Wentzel ◽  
J. Du P. Bothma ◽  
N. Van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Herbaceous Layer ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Herbivore Species ◽  
Connochaetes Taurinus ◽  
Aepyceros Melampus

The phytomass and species composition of the herbaceous layer in preferred grazing areas of zebra Equus burchellii, buffalo Syncerus caffer, waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus, blue wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus, impala Aepyceros melampus and warthog Phacochoerusaethiopicus were investigated within the south-eastern portion of the Kruger National Park. The percentage frequency of herbaceous plants in Decreaser and Increaser categories, as determined by their reaction to different intensities of grazing, was established. The preferred grazing areas of the relevant herbivore species were compared in terms of phytomass, contribution of the Decreaser and Increaser categories, veld condition and degree of utilisation. The grazing areas of buffalo and zebra showed less utilisation than those of the other herbivore species. Warthog and impala were associated with over-utilised areas. It is clear that localised over-utilisation is an integral part of the natural grazing mosaic and should be managed as such in large African conservation areas.

scholarly journals Disruption of Rhino Demography by Poachers May Lead to Population Declines in Kruger National Park, South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0127783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam M. Ferreira ◽  
Cathy Greaver ◽  
Grant A. Knight ◽  
Mike H. Knight ◽  
Izak P. J. Smit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Population Declines

scholarly journals The Phalaborwa Syenite Intrusions along the West-Central Boundary of the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Frick
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
Fractional Crystallisation ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The West ◽  
West Central ◽  
Basaltic Magmas ◽  
Deformation Textures ◽  
The Relationship

The geology of the Phalaborwa Complex is described and emphasis placed on the distribution of the large number of syenite intrusions. The petrography of the different textural types of syenites is discussed and it is shown that porphyritic, granular, gneissic and hypidiomorphic syenites are present. The petrography shows that the deformation textures, which are present in some of the syenites, may have formed during the emplacement of syenitic magmas which contained a high concentration of crystals. The geochemistry of the syenites is discussed and it is shown that they were not derived from an alkali basaltic magma through fractional crystallisation, but that they may rather represent alkali basaltic magmas which were contaminated by granitic material. The mode of emplacement of the Phalaborwa Complex is discussed and the relationship between the pyroxenites is explained.

scholarly journals The conservation and protection of the black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in Zimbabwe

Koedoe ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Tatham ◽  
R.D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Black Rhinoceros ◽  
The Government ◽  
Wild Life

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 The demise of black rhinoceros populations in Africa is alarming and the overriding cause for the decline is illicit poaching for horn. In 1987 Zimbabwe hosted the largest contiguous population of 500 animals in the Zambezi Valley while the country's overall population is now estimated to be nearly 2 000 individuals. A strategy to conserve and protect the black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in Zimbabwe requires four dimensions, each dependent directly or indirectly on the other, if success is to be achieved. It includes a positive reaction by the Department of National Parks and Wild Life Management, a national reaction by the government totally committed to the protection of the species, an international reaction requiring support for the stand that Zimbabwe is taking and, finally, a system of intelligence gathering which assists the different authorities in the overall conservation strategy which is being implemented.

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