Population demography of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) at Hamilton, Victoria

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Dufty
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Emigration Rate ◽  
Local Extinctions ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

Totals of 32 female and 53 male Perameles gunnii were caught 241 and 330 times, respectively, during 4340 trap-nights at Hamilton, Victoria. Residents comprised 75.3% (n = 64) of the sample. Morphometric comparison indicates that P. gunnii is sexually dimorphic. Sex ratios (expressed in percentage of females) of 55% (dependent juvenile), 45% (independent juvenile) and 37.9% (adult) were determined. The age structure of the live-trapped population changed substantially between July 1989 (42.9% juvenile, 9.5% subadult and 47.6% adult) and August 1990 (46.2% juvenile, 15.4% subadult and 34.6% adult). The mean age of captured female bandicoots increased during the study, from 9.8 months in July 1989 to 15.8 months in August 1990. In all, 24 of 32 females produced 145 pouch young in 66 litters, with a mean W e . ) litter size of 2.2+/-0.1 (n = 66). The number of females that were lactating each month was high throughout the study (85%) and peaked during spring and autumn when all captured females were lactating. Sexual maturity for males and females occurred at about 5 and 3.5 months of age, respectively. The causes of mortality of P. gunnii between 1980 and 1990 included road death (63%, n = 85), cat predation (17.8%, n = 24), disease (8.1%, n = 11), trap death (5.2%, n = 7), machinery (3.7%, n = 5) and dog predation (2.2%, n = 3). A total of 25 P. gunnii died from unknown causes. Cat predation of P. gunnii may be high amongst juveniles and subadults but low for adults. A net emigration rate of 18% of individuals known to be alive indicates that the Hamilton Municipal Tip is a source for dispersal to other subpopulations. The 1990 distribution of the population was about 169 ha, within the City of Hamilton and adjacent Shire of Dundas, Victoria. There has been a decline in distribution and some local extinctions of P. gunnii in several areas between 1988 and 1990.

Body size and age structure of the endangered Clark’s lizard (Darevskia clarkorum) populations from two different altitudes in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Bülbül ◽  
Muammer Kurnaz ◽  
Ali İhsan Eroğlu ◽  
Halime Koç ◽  
Bilal Kutrup
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Size And Age Structure ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Altitudes

We investigated age structure, body size and longevity in two breeding populations ofDarevskia clarkoruminhabiting altitudes ranging from 450 m a.s.l. (Kamilet) to 2250 m a.s.l. (Başyayla) in Turkey by skeletochronology performed on the phalanges. The mean age was found to be 6 years in the Kamilet population and 7 years in the Başyayla population. The maximum life span was 10 years in the lowland population while it was 12 years in the highland population. Age at sexual maturity of both males and females was 1-2 years in the lowland population while it was 2-3 for both sexes in the highland population. Both age and SVL of specimens from the Kamilet population were significantly different between the sexes while age and SVL did not differ significantly between the sexes in Başyayla population. As a conclusion, we observed that the mean age, longevity and age at maturity were increased by altitude while there was a decrease based on the mean SVL in the highland population ofD. clarkorum. Our data on body size, longevity and age at sexual maturity may contribute to conservation efforts for this endangered species.

Variation within and between Rivers in Adult Size and Sea Age at Maturity of Anadromous Brown Trout, Salmo trutta

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Henning L'Abée-Lund
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Spawning Area ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

I compared adult size and sea age at sexual maturity among nine populations of anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta, in two Norwegian rivers to determine the extent of inter- and intrariverine variations. Variation in the mean length of spawners and in the mean sea age at sexual maturity were mainly dependent on the variations found within rather than between rivers. Mean lengths and mean age at maturity of males increased significantly with increasing altitude of the spawning area and with migration distance in freshwater. In females, positive significant correlations were found with mean lengths and altitude of the spawning area and with mean sea age at maturity and both spawning site altitude and migration distance. Mean lengths and ages of males and females were not significantly correlated with the rate of water discharge in the streams during spawning. The size of gravel substrate for spawning was of minor importance in explaining interpopulation variation in mean female size. The increase noted in mean length and in mean sea age at maturity of both males and females is probably an adaptation to greater energy expenditure to reach the uppermost natal spawning areas.

scholarly journals Components of litter size in mice after 110 generations of selection

Reproduction ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Holt ◽  
O Vangen ◽  
W Farstad
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
High Line ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations

The aim of the present study was to evaluate how ovulation rate and survival rate through pregnancy had been affected by more than 110 generations of upwards selection on litter size in mice. The mean number of pups born alive was 22 in the high line (selected line) and 11 in the control line (an increase in 2.6 standard deviations). Selection on litter size increased ovulation rate by 4.6 standard deviations, and it is suggested that selection also increased embryonic mortality in late pregnancy. Embryo survival from ovulation until birth was 66% in the selected line and 69% in the control line, and the observed loss in litter size from day 16 of pregnancy until birth was possibly higher in the high line compared with the control line. Selection for higher litter size has significantly increased body weight in both males and females, as the mean weight at mating for the females was 46 g in the high line and 33 g in the control line respectively.

Productivity of coyotes (Canis latrans) from southern Québec

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2240-2243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Jean ◽  
Jean-Marie Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
North American ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Canis Latrans ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Large Litter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eastern Townships

A sample of coyotes harvested in the Eastern Townships of southern Québec indicate that 84% of the sample comprised females under 3 years old. The examination of mature follicles, corpora lutea and corpora albicantia, indicated that the ovulation rates ranged from 6.6 to 8.0, and the mean ovulation frequency was of 57%. The mean litter size was estimated at 7.1 with 46% of the females producing pups. The mean population productivity was of 316 pups per 100 females annually, concurring with rates found in other North American populations. Results suggest that a strong harvesting pressure could be at the origin of the large litter size, of the age structure that favors young animals, as well as the high turnover rate in the population.

Biology of The Southern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon Obesulus) In South-Eastern Tasmania. II. Demography.

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
S.A. Mallick ◽  
M.M. Driessen ◽  
G.J. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Populations

We used live-trapping to study the demography of two populations of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus, in south-eastern Tasmania from March 1992 to March 1995. The bulk of I. obesulus captures were in woodland/forest or within 3 m of its verge, with <10% of captures in 'open' pasture. Densities ranged from 0-0.35 animals/hectare. Both populations underwent a significant decline over the study period. This decline is thought to be the result of the exceptionally dry conditions over the three years of the study. Adult sex ratios (male/female) ranged from 0.6- 1.17. The sex ratio of pouch young was female-biased on both grids (range of 0.53-0.73). Isoodon obesulus were sexually dimorphic, with males being both heavier and larger than females. Only two juveniles were recruited to the populations over the entire three years of the study. Breeding among female I. obesulus was greatest in the December, low in the March, moderate in the September, and absent in the June trapping sessions. Mean litter size was 3.05 ± 0.26, with a range of 1-5 pouch young. For males and females, mean longevity for resident animals was 10.0 ± 3.7 and 13.5 ± 3.3 months, respectively. The mean home range area for the two resident males and the five resident females with ≥8 captures was 6.95 ± 1.95 and 3.28 ± 1.02 hectares, respectively. There was minimal overlap between the home ranges of individual I. obesulus.

A skeletochronological study of age, growth and longevity of Rana macrocnemis populations from four locations at different altitudes in Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Çakır ◽  
Ufuk Bülbül ◽  
Nurhayat Özdemir ◽  
Bilal Kutrup
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Maximum Lifespan ◽  
Population Age Structure ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Different Altitudes ◽  
Rana Macrocnemis

AbstractWe examined life-history traits such as population age structure, growth and longevity of Iranian Long-Legged frogs (Rana macrocnemis) from 4 different locations at different altitudes in Turkey by skeletochronology performed on the phalanges. The maximum lifespan was 5 years in Maçka (350 m a.s.l.), 6 years in Hıdırnebi (1430 m a.s.l.), 8 years in Sarıkamış (2276 m a.s.l.) and 10 years in Ovit (2850 m a.s.l.). Age at sexual maturity of both males and females was 2-3 years in the Maçka, Hıdırnebi and Sarıkamış populations, while 3-4 years for males and 3-5 years for females in the Ovit population. In all populations, males and females did not exhibit any differences in terms of mean age and SVL except for Sarıkamı¸s where the males were significantly larger than the females. A positive correlation was observed between age and SVL for both sexes in all populations except for the males of the Maçka population.

scholarly journals Relations between Proactive Coping with Psychological Stress and some Variables among a Sample of Employees in Aleppo, Syria

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Fayez K. Alhussein
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

This study aimed to identify differences between the mean scores of the sample due to sex, work sector (public vs. private), and age. The study also aimed to gauge the morale of the sample regarding their jobs. The researcher used a scale to measure proactive coping with stress (Greenglass). The scale was administered to a sample of 280 workers and employees in the city of Aleppo in Syria. No statistically significant differences were found between the mean scores for males and females; young or old, public and private. However, morale was significantly related to proactive coping to stress. Employees with higher morale coped better with psychological stress than those with lower morale. 

scholarly journals Age structure and body size of the endangered species Darevskia bendimahiensis (Schmidtler, Eiselt & Darevsky, 1994) from eastern Turkey (Squamata, Sauria, Lacertidae)

Herpetozoa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Elif Yıldırım ◽  
Yusuf Kumlutaş ◽  
Kamil Candan ◽  
Çetin Ilgaz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Eastern Turkey ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

The life-history traits of the parthenogenetic lizard Darevskiabendimahiensis were studied by skeletochronology in a population inhabiting highlands in Çaldıran, Van, Turkey. Endosteal resorption was observed in 18 specimens (55%). The mean age was 4.91 ± 0.19 SD years. The mean snout-vent length (SVL) was 51.11 ± 1.15 SD mm. The age at sexual maturity was estimated as 3 years. Longevity was 7 years. Snout-vent length and age were positively correlated (Spearman’s correlation; r = 0.797, P = 0.000). The aim of this study is to contribute to the future conservation activities for this endangered species.

scholarly journals Sixth-grade basic students ’acquisition of some of the values of citizenship and its relationship to their coping competence: مستوى اكتساب تلاميذ الصّفّ السّادس الأساسي لبعض قيَم المواطنة وعلاقتها بكفاءة المواجهة لديهم

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
pp. 88-65
Author(s):  
Bassam Mahmoud Mohammed, Reem Mihoub Slemon, Haifa Hassan Ib Bassam Mahmoud Mohammed, Reem Mihoub Slemon, Haifa Hassan Ib
Keyword(s):  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sixth Grade Students ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coping Competence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The study aimed to identify the level of basic sixth-graders' acquisition of some of the values of citizenship and their level of competence in confrontation, and to reveal the relationship between the level of their acquisition of some values of citizenship and the level of competence of confrontation they have, and to reveal the differences between them in the acquisition of specific citizenship values (patriotism, commitment, responsibility The study sample consisted of (420) male and female students of the sixth grade, of whom (219) were pupils, and (201) pupils in the schools of Tartous city, and the study adopted the descriptive approach, and the Specific Citizenship Values Scale, and the Confrontation Efficiency Scale were used, which were prepared by the researcher using the previous studies. The city of Tartous, and their average level of confrontation competence, and the presence of a positive correlation between the scores of the study sample "of sixth grade students" in the scale of citizenship values and their scores in the scale of confrontation competence, a J The higher the level of students ’acquisition of citizenship values, the higher their level of coping competence, and there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the study sample of sixth-grade students on the scale of citizenship values according to the gender variable in favor of female students in the overall score and sub-dimensions. Except for the second dimension (commitment value), it was not statistically significant and there were no differences between males and females, and there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the study sample of sixth grade students on the scale of coping efficiency according to the gender variable.

scholarly journals A CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1203-1207
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afzal Khan ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Chaudhry ◽  
Faris Mohammed Nour Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cephalometric Study ◽  
The City

Background: Morphological characteristics of various races and populationgroups usually appear in geographical knots and clusters. Standardized cephalometricrecordsare immensely valuable for clinical and forensic purposes.In spite of its clinical significance nodata is available about the cephalic indices and prevalence of cephalic phenotypes in SouthernPunjab. Objectives: This study was undertaken to record baseline cephalometric data, cephalicindices and craniotypes. Study design: A cross-sectional population study. Place and durationof study: The study was carried out at the Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan and tookabout fourteen months to complete. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 672adult individuals (430 males and 242 females) from in and around the city of Multan in SouthernPunjab. Linear measurements of the head including maximum cranial length (glabella-inionlength), maximum cranial breadth (maximum bi-parietal diameter) and maximum auricularhead height were recorded using a digital spreading caliper. Results of measurements wereexpressed as mean ± SD. Comparison of the mean values and various proportions betweensexes was performed. The horizontal, vertical and transverse cranial indices were calculatedusing these measurements. Craniotyping was based on the ranges in various cephalic indices.Results: Differences regarding the mean of cranial length, cranial breadth and height weresignificantly larger in males as compared to females (P<0.001). The mean vertical, horizontaland transverse cephalic indices in the males and females were 79.13 ± 5.56, 78.31 ± 5.19,103 ± 7.78 and 78.32 ± 6.40, 78.32 ± 4.67, 100 ± 8.67 respectively.Most of the samplesdepicted craniotypes as mesocephalic and dolichocephalic both in the males and the females.Conclusion: The study provides baseline cephalometric data from a population of SouthernPunjab that may have its potential in clinical application and future research.

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