Population Dynamics of Feral Pigs (Sus Scrofa) in a Tropical Riverine Habitat Complex.

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Caley
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Exponential Rate ◽  
Antecedent Rainfall ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Riverine Habitat ◽  
Density Indices

Employed mark-recapture techniques to monitor trends in the population density of feral pigs in a tropical woodland habitat containing cereal crops, and compared density indices in this habitat with other similar habitat not containing cereal crops. Over the duration of this study there was no significant trend for increase or decrease but population density fluctuated seasonally between 2.2 and 3.5 pigs kg-2 in the woodland site containing cereal crops. A numerical response model was developed relating observed exponential rate of increase of feral pigs to antecedent rainfall. The model estimated the maximum exponential rate of increase (rmax) of feral pigs to be 0.065 plus or minus 0.17 (s.e.) month-1 or 0.78 plus or minus 0.21 (s.e.) year-1. Comparison of indices of population density of feral pigs in woodland habitat with cereal crops and similar woodland habitat without cereal crops demonstrated that the presence of intensive cereal cropping increased population density of feral pigs almost 4-fold. Population density in the woodland habitat without cereal crops was estimated to be 0.8 pigs kg-2. The response to rainfall and the variation in density in response to an increase in the amount of available food is interpreted as evidence that feral pig populations are limited primarily by food availability.

Effectiveness of a Warfarin-Poisoning Campaign Against Feral Pigs, Sus Scrofa, in Namadgi National Park, A.c.t.

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Mcilroy ◽  
M Braysher ◽  
GA Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Radio Transmitters

The aim of this study was to develop better techniques for controlling feral pigs, Sus scrofa, in the event of an outbreak of an exotic disease than the use of 1080. Trail-baiting with warfarin-treated wheat killed 30 of 32 feral pigs carrying radio transmitters in Namadgi National Park, A.C.T., in May 1986. The casualties took 9.7 � 0.4 (mean � s.e.) days to die (range 6-14) and all died within 2.06 km of the bait trail. The two survivors (both males) were radio-located within 339 m of the poison trails several times, but then moved 5.1 and 1.5 km, respectively, out of the trial area. Home ranges averaged 4.7 � 0.6 km2 (range 0.7-22.6) and the population density was approximately 2 km-2. The pigs' mobility did not alter as death approached. They moved equal distances during the day and the night. Differences in mobility between the sexes were generally minor.

The Effectiveness of Hunting Dogs for Removing Feral Pigs (Sus Scrofa).

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Caley ◽  
B Ottley
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Hunting Dogs ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rate Of Success ◽  
Small Team

The effectiveness of a small team of hunting dogs for removing feral pigs was examined in relation to group size of feral pigs encountered and the population density of pigs being hunted. Hunting dogs were successful on 88% of occasions of catching or cornering solitary pigs when encountered. This rate of success rapidly declined as the group size of encountered pigs increased, with the mean maximum number of pigs that could be caught or cornered in any one encounter estimated to be about one pig per dog. The sex ratio of mature pigs obtained from a hunted sample showed a significant bias ( X*2 = 4.3,d.f. = 1, P< 0.05) towards catching more males (M: F = 1.6: 1.0). One team of hunting dogs removed 22 of an estimated 79 pigs inhabiting a 94-km*2 area at a rate of 0.6 pigs h-*1 in 35 h of hunting. It is concluded that hunting with dogs is an effective way for removing residual pigs after densities have been reduced by other forms of control.

Movements of Feral Pigs (Sus Scrofa) at Sunny Corner, New South Wales.

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Saunders ◽  
B Kay
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
South Wales

This study describes the movements of feral pigs at Sunny Corner in eastern New South Wales. Population density at this site was 2 pigs km-2. Twenty-two pigs (12 males and 10 females) were captured and fitted with telemetry transmitters. Aggregate home range for males (10.7 � 6.9 km2) was significantly greater than for females (4.9 � 1.4 km2) as was 24 h home range (1.4� 1.1 km2, males and 0.8 � 0.4 km2, females). Seasonal home ranges were greatest in the winter and smallest in the autumn. These differences were attributed to variations in food availability. During all seasons there was a preference for creeklines that had vegetative cover. This was the result of thermoregulatory needs, refuge availability and food supply. Peak activity throughout the study occurred between 1900 and 2400 hours with little movement during the middle of the day. The implications of these results to management programs are discussed.

scholarly journals Population growth and status of the Nushagak Peninsula caribou herd in southwest Alaska following reintroduction, 1988 - 1993

Rangifer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Hinkes ◽  
Lawrence J. Van Daele
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Exponential Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Current Growth ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Dramatic Growth

Caribou were reintroduced to the Nushagak Peninsula, Alaska in February 1988, after an absence of over 100 years. The purpose was to reestablish caribou in the area and once again provide hunting to local residents. The Nushagak Peninsula caribou herd (NPCH) has grown rapidly from 146 reintroduced caribou to over 1000 in 6 years at an exponential rate of increase of r = 0.317 or about 38%. The dramatic growth of the herd was attributed to the initial high percentage of females in the herd, high calf production and survival, pristine range, few predators and no hunting. Abundant high quality forage on the Nushagak Peninsula is the probable reason for the enhanced body condition and high natality even among 2-year-olds, and it has most likely contributed to the high calf survival and recruitment. Lack of predators and hunting has allowed calf and adult mortality to remain low. Although the size of the NPCH has grown steadily over the past 6 years, no significant dispersal from the peninsula has occurred. The population density of the NPCH was estimated to be 1.0/km2 in 1993. We believe the herd will continue to grow, and could reach a density of 2.3/km2 by 1998, even with a 10% harvest beginning in 1995. While the current growth of the NPCH makes the r&eacute;introduction a success, the increasing density, lack of dispersal and potential for over-grazing, presents managers with hard decisions.

Are oestrous feral pigs, Sus scrofa, useful as trapping lures?

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. McIlroy ◽  
E. J. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
General Technique ◽  
Feral Pigs

Eight feral pigs (two boars, four sows and two piglets) were caught in traps using oestrous sows as lures during a control program on a remnant pig population in part of Namadgi National Park during spring, 1990. The program was mostly based on aerial baiting with warfarin. No pigs were caught in traps containing anoestrous sows or in traps containing bait only. Seven unmarked pigs (caught seven days after the cessation of baiting) did not appear to have eaten any warfarin bait. In an earlier pilot trial, two boars were caught at a trap containing an oestrous sow, one of these again in a trap baited only with fermented grain, but no pigs were caught at a trap containing an anoestrous sow. Although not cost-effective as a general technique, this method could be useful in specific circumstances, such as eradication campaigns on islands, if the last few pigs are, or have become bait shy, or are impossible to cull by other methods.

scholarly journals Relationships between soil macroinvertebrates and nonnative feral pigs (Sus scrofa) in Hawaiian tropical montane wet forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel H. Wehr ◽  
Creighton M. Litton ◽  
Noa K. Lincoln ◽  
Steven C. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Soil Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Wet Forests

scholarly journals 1605. Temperature Modulates the Rate of Increase of Antibiotic Resistance Across Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S585-S586
Author(s):  
Sarah McGough ◽  
Derek MacFadden ◽  
Mohammad Hattab ◽  
Kare Molbak ◽  
Mauricio Santillana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Public Health Threat

Abstract Background Widely recognized as a major public health threat globally, the rapid increase of antibiotic resistance in bacteria could soon render our most effective method to combat infections obsolete. Factors influencing the burden of resistance in human populations remain poorly described, though temperature is known to play an important role in mechanisms of bacterial growth and transmission. Methods Here, we present the first evidence that ambient temperatures may modulate the rate of increase of antibiotic resistance across Europe. Using a comprehensive dataset containing information across 28 countries, for 17 years (2000–2016), 3 common bacterial pathogens, and 4 antibiotic classes collectively representing over 4 million tested isolates, we show that antibiotic resistance has increased more rapidly in warmer regions over a period of nearly 2 decades. Results Specifically, we show that European countries with 10°C warmer ambient temperatures have experienced more rapid increases in antibiotic resistance to E. coli and K. pneumoniae over the 17-year period, ranging between 0.33%/year (95% CI 0.2, 0.5) and 1.2%/year (0.4, 1.9), even after accounting for recognized drivers of resistance including antibiotic consumption and population density. We found a decreasing relationship for S. aureus and methicillin of -0.4%/year (95% CI −0.7, 0.0), reflecting widespread declines in MRSA across Europe over the study period. Conclusion Our findings suggest that rising temperatures globally may hasten the spread of resistance and complicate efforts to mitigate it. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Epigeic invertebrates of pig‐damaged, exposed wetland sediments are rooted: An ecological response to feral pigs ( Sus scrofa )

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2207-2220
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Marshall ◽  
Joanna J. Blessing ◽  
Sara E. Clifford ◽  
Peter M. Negus ◽  
Alisha L. Steward
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Ecological Response

scholarly journals Land Surface Heterogeneity Signature in Tornado Climatology? An Illustrative Analysis over Indiana, 1950–2012*

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Kellner ◽  
Dev Niyogi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Antecedent Rainfall ◽  
Land Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Tornado Climatology

Abstract Land surface heterogeneity affects mesoscale interactions, including the evolution of severe convection. However, its contribution to tornadogenesis is not well known. Indiana is selected as an example to present an assessment of documented tornadoes and land surface heterogeneity to better understand the spatial distribution of tornadoes. This assessment is developed using a GIS framework taking data from 1950 to 2012 and investigates the following topics: temporal analysis, effect of ENSO, antecedent rainfall linkages, population density, land use/land cover, and topography, placing them in the context of land surface heterogeneity. Spatial analysis of tornado touchdown locations reveals several spatial relationships with regard to cities, population density, land-use classification, and topography. A total of 61% of F0–F5 tornadoes and 43% of F0–F5 tornadoes in Indiana have touched down within 1 km of urban land use and land area classified as forest, respectively, suggesting the possible role of land-use surface roughness on tornado occurrences. The correlation of tornado touchdown points to population density suggests a moderate to strong relationship. A temporal analysis of tornado days shows favored time of day, months, seasons, and active tornado years. Tornado days for 1950–2012 are compared to antecedent rainfall and ENSO phases, which both show no discernible relationship with the average number of annual tornado days. Analysis of tornado touchdowns and topography does not indicate any strong relationship between tornado touchdowns and elevation. Results suggest a possible signature of land surface heterogeneity—particularly that around urban and forested land cover—in tornado climatology.

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