The behavioural ecology of dingoes in north-western Australia. V. Population dynamics and variation in the soical system

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Thomson ◽  
K Rose ◽  
NE Kok
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Social System ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Dispersal Strategy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
North Western

Between 1975 and 1984, 105 radio-collared dingoes, Canis familiaris dingo, were tracked and observed from aircraft on the Fortescue River in Western Australia. The majority of dingoes were members of 18 territorial packs, including four pairs. Five packs were monitored for more than three years. Most bitches became pregnant, including those 9-10 months old, although not all litters were raised. Packs raised an average of 1.1 litters per year. Instances of packs raising the litters of two bitches in a year were recorded. The area (up to 400km*2) was covered initially (1975-78) by a mosaic of stable pack territories. Little emigration occurred and population density rose to a peak of 22.2 dingoes per 100km*2 in 1978 due to an increase in pack size. Perturbations to the social system, including disintegration of some packs, an increase in emigration, shifts of pack territories and contraction of territories into the most favoured areas, coincided with high population density and a reduced food supply. After aerial baiting in 1980 killed all the dingoes from the study site, immigrants from surrounding areas established a new population. The increase in density was moderated by the formation of new pairs or packs that occupied surrounding vacant areas. The dispersal strategy of pack members was a major factor affecting the population density of dingoes in the study area.

The behavioural ecology of dingoes in north-western Australia. III. Hunting and Feeding behaviour, and diet.

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Alternative Food ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Cooperative Effort ◽  
North Western

Observations from aerial radio-tracking were used together with analysis of scat and stomach samples to investigate the feeding ecology of dingoes, Canis familiaris dingo, on the lower Fortescue River in Western Australia. Between 1977 and 1984, 1948 records of hunting and feeding were obtained, and 352 scats and 119 stomachs were collected. Dingoes preyed predominantly on kangaroos, Macropus robustus and M. rufus, the most abundant and widely distributed of the larger native mammals in the area. In one site dingoes partially switched to alternative food (smaller prey and cattle carrion) when kangaroo abundance declined. However, they continued to hunt and kill kangaroos even when easyto- obtain cattle carrion was available. The increased utilisation of smaller prey by dingoes coincided with changes in sociality (disintegration of packs and an increased number of solitary dingoes). In a sheepgrazing area, sheep were 'easy' prey and dingoes killed sheep and kangaroos in excess of their needs for food, although kangaroo remained a major component of their diet. Dingoes cooperating in groups were more successful than solitary dingoes in hunting large prey (kangaroos, calves). Cooperative effort was not required for dingoes to catch or kill sheep.

scholarly journals The Importance of Transportation in Knitting Indonesia’s Diverse Communities Together

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Mantoro
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Social System ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
Valuable Role

Transportation is defined as the activity of moving passengers and goods from one place to another. Transportation plays an important role in the development of urban infrastructure and especially its human resources. Transportation is a major component in the system of life, the system of government, and the social system. The socio-demographic conditions of a region have an influence on transportation performance in the region. The level of population density will have a significant effect on the ability of transportation to serve community needs. A good and ideal interaction between transportation components (passengers, goods, facilities and infrastructure) forms a comprehensive transportation system, efficient and effective. The important role of transportation is of course balanced with the active participation of the parties involved in it. This study undertakes qualitative research to assess the valuable role played by transportation within the country. Keywords: Transportation, Role, Diversity

Isonymic studies on the Griqua of the northern Cape Province, South Africa

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Nurse
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Social System ◽  
Quantitative Estimate ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Mixed Ancestry ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
North Western

SummaryThe Griqua, a people of mixed ancestry living mainly in the northern part of the Cape Province, South Africa, bear surnames of British, non-British North Western European, Khoisan, Sotho/Tswana and other Negro origin, as well as a number indicating probable descent from slaves. Bearing in mind the historical circumstances of the formation of the Griqua nation and the relative importance of pater and genitor in the social system, it is possible so to analyse these surnames as to derive a quantitative estimate of the varieties of admixture in the people. The results accord closely with, and amplify, those of a sero-genetic study, which in turn furnishes explanations for some points not amenable to isonymic analysis. The combination of both types of investigation has both provided mutual corroboration and enabled more information to be extracted than would have been possible from either type of investigation on its own.

scholarly journals PHASE TRANSITION IN HIERARCHY MODEL OF BONABEAU

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIETRICH STAUFFER
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
High Population ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Sharp Transition ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Egalitarian Society ◽  
Hierarchy Model

The model of Bonabeau explains the emergence of social hierarchies from the memory of fights in an initially egalitarian society. Introducing a feedback from the social inequality into the probability to win a fight, we find a sharp transition between an egalitarian society at low population density and a hierarchical society at high population density.

The Influence of population density and habitat on grouping in the western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Coulson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Lower Range ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
North Western

Population density and habitat structure have been identified as influencing grouping patterns in kangaroos, but the separate contributions of each factor have rarely been distinguished. Grouping was examined in the western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus, at Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, north-western Victoria, where the population exhibits marked changes in density throughout habitats that provide a range of cover. Group size and population density in each habitat were surveyed at two times of day and at roughly 2-monthly intervals from March 1983 until December 1985. Of the four major habitats, mallee and woodland offered moderate cover, whereas grassland and lake bed gave sparse cover. Visibility of kangaroo groups was highest in the sparse habitats, and was positively related to the size of the group, at least in the lower range of group sizes. At densities up to 40km-2, groups that formed in the sparse habitats were larger than the groups in the two habitats that offered moderate cover. Three habitats (lake bed, grassland and woodland) had more smaller and more larger groups than expected if group formation was a random process. Large males were seen alone more often than expected by chance in lake bed, and less often in moderate cover; females with young-atfoot were over-represented as singletons in all four habitats. The size and composition of groups recorded in this study suggest that the basic components of the social organisation of kangaroos are best discerned in habitats that carry a low population density, but that also provide the most cover.

Social Dispersion and Lekking in Uganda Kob

Behaviour ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 120 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 177-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Balmford
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
High Population ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
The Social

AbstractLek-breeding in Uganda kob was associated with extremely high population density (c. 140 animals/km2). Kob were typically found in unstable aggregations of more than one hundred animals, including several adult males. Females occupied unusually large, overlapping home ranges, but reasons for such widespread movements were unclear. The social dispersion of Uganda kob was therefore similar to that of other lekking ungulates, and confirms predictions of several recent hypotheses of lek evolution. However, resolution of alternative models is nevertheless difficult, since in practice these make very few exclusive predictions.

scholarly journals Assessment of Social Vulnerability to Kiematubu Volcano in Tidore Island, North Maluku

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Widiyana Riasasi ◽  
Muh Aris Marfai ◽  
Bachtiar W Mutaqin ◽  
Danang Sri Hadmoko ◽  
Franck Lavigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Disaster Impacts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Volcanic Islands ◽  
Demographic Condition ◽  
Very High

Kiematubu volcano is often considered as non-volcanic, even though it consists of basalt material, since it has never erupted before. In fact, that small volcanic islands have a high risk due to their restriction on means and resources. The study aims to assess the social vulnerability of the community in Tidore Island that may be exposed to the eruption of the Kiematubu volcano. There has not been previous research in Tidore Island regarding volcanic vulnerability yet. The social vulnerability is an initial assessment of disaster management, which will affect in optimizing community’s capacity then minimizing the disaster impacts. Social parameter of demographic condition, health facilities, and education facilities was weighted to assess social vulnerability. The result shows that the social vulnerability class of Tidore Island is dominantly low, approximately 80%, the rest is middle and high, with a percentage of 13% and 7%, respectively. Mostly, the low vulnerable villages are due to less population density. However, the highly vulnerable villages, Gamtufkange and Indonesiana, consist of very high and high population density. The southeast part of Tidore Island, where both villages are situated, is the center of human activities, such as governmental, trades, and education.

scholarly journals Social imaginaries of subsea cables: recovering connections between Broome and Banyuwangi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2098596
Author(s):  
Thor Kerr ◽  
Irfan Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Social Imaginaries ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
North Western

As most data travel through subsea cables, this article investigates social imaginaries of the cable laid in 1889 from Banyuwangi in south-eastern Java to Broome in north-western Australia. Through collaborative fieldwork in Broome and Banyuwangi, radically different representations are identified at either end of the cable. In Broome, the cable telegraph station is memorialized for introducing colonial sophistication to a town where Java is celebrated for facilitating communication with Britain. In Banyuwangi, there is no mention of Broome and little mention of the undersea cable. Instead, there are mythical and haunted representations of a decrepit British Hostel occasionally associated with telegraph operations. Despite some similarities in Indigenous perspectives and entrepreneurial desire to realize tourism income from cable heritage, an ocean-size gulf was identified between the social imaginaries that enabled the cable to be dug up and normalized as a cultural attraction in Broome while remaining buried, almost forgotten, in Banyuwangi.

Dingoes in North-Western Australia.

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Thomson ◽  
K Rose ◽  
NE Kok
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Hunting Behaviour ◽  
North Western

This issue comprises 8 papers by P. C. Thomson (some in collaboration with K. Rose and N. E. Kok) on the dingo in North Western Australia. They cover the behavioural ecology including activity patterns, diet, hunting behaviour, social organization, population dynamics, dispersal, age determination and immobilization using darts fired from an aircraft.

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