The effect of familiarity and mound condition in translocations of the western pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys chapmani, in the Pilbara region of Western Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Anstee ◽  
Kyle Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Burrow System ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Conservation Of Endangered Species

Translocations play an important role in the conservation of endangered species, and successful translocations are dependent on research into their response to such manipulations. The development of Hamersley Iron’s Yandi Iron Ore Project in the Pilbara region of Western Australia provided a unique opportunity to study the response of the western pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys chapmani, to translocation. The translocation tested the effect of levels of individual familiarity within translocation groups on translocation success. A key part of the translocation involved the use of competent burrow systems in empty mounds. Success was measured by comparing the long-term survival, reproductive activity and site fidelity between treatments. Of 101 mice translocated, 65% were recaptured at least once post-release. Both the translocated and resident non-translocated groups had experienced a significant loss of individuals after 35 days; however, estimates of rates of survival after 176 days had increased to levels equivalent to those immediately following release. Eight mice were recaptured at, or close to, their points of release 6 months post-release. Reproductive activity was recorded in 13 of the 29 (44%) translocated females recaptured post-release, which was equivalent to that observed in non-translocated mice. Familiarity within translocation groups did not appear to affect translocation success as all treatments had similar rates of survival. This study demonstrated that successful translocations of P. chapmani are possible given a competent burrow system.

Tagging experiments with western king prawn Penaeus latisculatus Kishinouye. I. Survival, growth, and reproduction of tagged prawns

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Penn
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Normal Ovary ◽  
Variable Amount ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Average Control ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Two tags for adult western king prawns, Penaeus latisulcatus, have been field tested in an unexploited king prawn population in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. Both toggle and Atkin tags have been found to cause little physical damage to the prawns apart from limited scarring at the points of entry and through the musculature adjacent to the tag. Long-term survival of both toggle- and Atkin-tagged prawns did not differ significantly from that of the untagged population, but a variable amount of initial tagging mortality occurred during the first 72 h after release due to both handling and tagging. Mortality related to size or sex was not evident for the toggle tags, but for Atkin tags there was a tendency towards smaller prawns having a better survival. Growth of all tagged prawns was found to be retarded during the first month from release, but in subsequent months appeared to be faster than the average control animals. Although the growth of tagged prawns recaptured during the spawning season was retarded, normal ovary development occurred and some females spawned while tagged. Some of the problems in the use of tag recapture data from penaeid prawn stocks have been discussed.

scholarly journals Desiccation as a Long-Term Survival Mechanism for the Archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1473-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Anderson ◽  
Ethel E. Apolinario ◽  
Kevin R. Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Methanosarcina Barkeri ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protection Mechanisms

ABSTRACTViable methanogens have been detected in dry, aerobic environments such as dry reservoir sediment, dry rice paddies and aerobic desert soils, which suggests that methanogens have mechanisms for long-term survival in a desiccated state. In this study, we quantified the survival rates of the methanogenic archaeonMethanosarcina barkeriafter desiccation under conditions equivalent to the driest environments on Earth and subsequent exposure to different stress factors. There was no significant loss of viability after desiccation for 28 days for cells grown with either hydrogen or the methylotrophic substrates, but recovery was affected by growth phase, with cells desiccated during the stationary phase of growth having a higher rate of recovery after desiccation. Synthesis of methanosarcinal extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) significantly increased the viability of desiccated cells under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions compared with that of non-EPS-synthesizing cells. DesiccatedM. barkeriexposed to air at room temperature did not lose significant viability after 28 days, and exposure ofM. barkerito air after desiccation appeared to improve the recovery of viable cells compared with that of desiccated cells that were never exposed to air. DesiccatedM. barkeriwas more resistant to higher temperatures, and although resistance to oxidative conditions such as ozone and ionizing radiation was not as robust as in other desiccation-resistant microorganisms, the protection mechanisms are likely adequate to maintain cell viability during periodic exposure events. The results of this study demonstrate that after desiccationM. barkerihas the innate capability to survive extended periods of exposure to air and lethal temperatures.

scholarly journals Trade in Asian elephant ivory in Sri Lanka

Oryx ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Santiapillai ◽  
Ajith Silva ◽  
Champika Karyawasam ◽  
Shameema Esufali ◽  
Salila Jayaniththi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Elephant Ivory

AbstractElephants Elephas maximus have declined in range and number in the wild in Sri Lanka, from c. 12,000 at the turn of the nineteenth century to c. 4000 today. While in the distant past the decline in elephant numbers was due largely to indiscriminate killing by sportsmen and trophy hunters, today elephants are being killed primarily because they interfere with agriculture. Human-elephant conflicts have increased substantially in the recent past and ivory poaching has become a byproduct of such conflicts. Elephant tusks have been used traditionally in the ivory-carving industry in Sri Lanka since the time of the ancient kings. Until the turn of the century, very little ivory was imported from Africa because there was a plentiful supply of tuskers locally available. Sri Lankan ivory carvers started to use African ivory in 1910. Today ivory and fake-ivory products are sold openly to tourists in some 86 shops in the island. Before the listing of the African elephant in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), the value of raw ivory in Sri Lanka used to be $US228–285 per kg. After the listing, the price fell to $US72 per kg, reflecting a drastic drop in the demand for ivory from tourists. Many ivory carvers have switched to other jobs or are using substitutes (such as bone and horn) to produce fake-ivory carvings. Only about 7.5 per cent of bulls in Sri Lanka are tuskers and they are under poaching pressure outside protected areas. Given the rarity of tuskers in Sri Lanka, promotion of trade in ivory products, even locally, may pose a serious threat to their long-term survival in the wild.

scholarly journals Long-term survival for infants born with orofacial clefts in Western Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane C. Bell ◽  
Natasha Nassar ◽  
Carol Bower ◽  
Robin M. Turner ◽  
Camille Raynes-Greenow
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

Long-term survival outcomes following breast cancer surgery in Western Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Spilsbury ◽  
James B. Semmens ◽  
Christobel M. Saunders ◽  
C. D. J. Holman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

scholarly journals Four new induced pluripotent stem cell lines produced from northern white rhinoceros with non-integrating reprogramming factors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa L. Korody ◽  
Cullen Pivaroff ◽  
Thomas D. Nguyen ◽  
Suzanne E. Peterson ◽  
Oliver A. Ryder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
White Rhinoceros ◽  
Reprogramming Factors ◽  
Stem Cell Lines ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Conservation Of Endangered Species

AbstractSince we first published methods for generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from endangered species1, we have developed improved non-integrating methods for reprogramming the functionally extinct northern white rhinoceros, and generated iPSCs from four more individuals. Our work is part of a long-term plan for assisted reproduction for conservation of endangered species.

scholarly journals Ranging Patterns and Site Fidelity of Snubfin Dolphins in Yawuru Nagulagun/Roebuck Bay, Western Australia

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra D’Cruz ◽  
Chandra Salgado Kent ◽  
Kelly Waples ◽  
Alexander M. Brown ◽  
Sarah A. Marley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Ranging Patterns ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Density Contour

For long-lived species such as marine mammals, having sufficient data on ranging patterns and space use in a timescale suitable for population management and conservation can be difficult. Yawuru Nagulagun/Roebuck Bay in the northwest of Western Australia supports one of the largest known populations of Australian snubfin dolphins (Orcaella heinsohni)—a species with a limited distribution, vulnerable conservation status, and high cultural value. Understanding the species’ use of this area will inform management for the long-term conservation of this species. We combined 11 years of data collected from a variety of sources between 2007 and 2020 to assess the ranging patterns and site fidelity of this population. Ranging patterns were estimated using minimum convex polygons (MCPs) and fixed kernel densities (weighted to account for survey effort) to estimate core and representative areas of use for both the population and for individuals. We estimated the population to range over a small area within the bay (103.05 km2). The Mean individual representative area of use (95% Kernel density contour) was estimated as 39.88 km2 (± 32.65 SD) and the Mean individual core area of use (50% Kernel density contour) was estimated as 21.66 km2 (±18.85 SD) with the majority of sightings located in the northern part of the bay less than 10 km from the coastline. Most individuals (56%) showed moderate to high levels of site fidelity (i.e., part-time or long-term residency) when individual re-sight rates were classified using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). These results emphasize the importance of the area to this vulnerable species, particularly the area within the Port of Broome that has been identified within the population’s core range. The pressures associated with coastal development and exposure to vessel traffic, noise, and humans will need to be considered in ongoing management efforts. Analyzing datasets from multiple studies and across time could be beneficial for threatened species where little is known on their ranging patterns and site fidelity. Combined datasets can provide larger sample sizes over an extended period of time, fill knowledge gaps, highlight data limitations, and identify future research needs to be considered with dedicated studies.

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