The control of introduced Rattus rattus L. on Lord Howe Island. II. The status of warfarin resistance in rats and mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Billing
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
The Status ◽  
Warfarin Resistance ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Black Rats

Black rats (Rattus rattus) and house mice (Mus musculus) from Lord Howe Island were live-trapped, housed in the laboratory and tested for resistance to the anticoagulant poison warfarin. All rats fed warfarin (0.025% w/w) in their diet died within 4–12 days whereas no rats in the untreated group died. Mice fed warfarin at the same concentration over 21 days all survived. Black rats on Lord Howe Island remain susceptible to warfarin, but house mice appear resistant.

Evaluating the susceptibility of invasive black rats (Rattus rattus) and house mice (Mus musculus) to brodifacoum as a prelude to rodent eradication on Lord Howe Island

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wheeler ◽  
David Priddel ◽  
Terence O’Dwyer ◽  
Nicholas Carlile ◽  
Dean Portelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Rodent Eradication ◽  
Black Rats

Eradicating Feral Cats to protect Galapagos Land Iguanas: methods and strategies

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Phillips ◽  
B. D. Cooke ◽  
K. Campbell ◽  
V. Carrion ◽  
C. Marouez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
Rodent Populations ◽  
Black Rats

A three-year programme to eradicate Feral Cats Felis catus from the island of Baltra in the Galapagos archipelago achieved good results by initially poisoning with sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) then trapping or shooting the remaining cats. The poisoning campaign removed 90% of the cats, its success being attributable to pre-baiting with unpolsoned baits to accustom cats to eating baits and placing enough baits to ensure that all cats encountered several baits within their home range. This, together with the use of metaclopromide (Pileran) as an anti-emetic, overcame a problem associated with poor retention of 1080 in thawed fish baits that limited the dose available to 1 mg 1080/bait, a quality insufficient to kill large cats. Removal of the remaining cats was delayed by a weather-induced irruption of Black Rats Rattus rattus and House Mice Mus musculus that enabled recruitment of kittens in 2002, but made cats more susceptible to trapping and shooting in 2003 when rodent populations collapsed. Since July 2003 no sign of a cat has been detected on Baltra despite extensive searching and monitoring throughout 2004. As cat abundance has decreased there have been more locally-bred Juvenile iguanas (Conolophus subcristatus) seen during annual censuses. However, such recruitment may reflect the increasing maturity and higher fecundity of iguanas repatriated from 1991 onwards rather than being a direct result of reduced cat predation alone. More time is necessary to determine the benefits of reduced cat predation on the Iguana population.

scholarly journals A survey of zoonotic pathogens carried by house mouse and black rat populations in Yucatan, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 2287-2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. PANTI-MAY ◽  
R. R. C. DE ANDRADE ◽  
Y. GURUBEL-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
E. PALOMO-ARJONA ◽  
L. SODÁ-TAMAYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Black Rats

SUMMARYThe house mouse (Mus musculus) and the black rat (Rattus rattus) are reservoir hosts for zoonotic pathogens, several of which cause neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Studies of the prevalence of these NTD-causing zoonotic pathogens, in house mice and black rats from tropical residential areas are scarce. Three hundred and two house mice and 161 black rats were trapped in 2013 from two urban neighbourhoods and a rural village in Yucatan, Mexico, and subsequently tested forTrypanosoma cruzi,Hymenolepis diminutaandLeptospira interrogans. Using the polymerase chain reaction we detectedT. cruziDNA in the hearts of 4·9% (8/165) and 6·2% (7/113) of house mice and black rats, respectively. We applied the sedimentation technique to detect eggs ofH. diminutain 0·5% (1/182) and 14·2% (15/106) of house mice and black rats, respectively. Through the immunofluorescent imprint method,L. interroganswas identified in 0·9% (1/106) of rat kidney impressions. Our results suggest that the black rat could be an important reservoir forT. cruziandH. diminutain the studied sites. Further studies examining seasonal and geographical patterns could increase our knowledge on the epidemiology of these pathogens in Mexico and the risk to public health posed by rodents.

scholarly journals Synanthropic rodent reservoirs of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi in the valley of Caracas, Venezuela

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidi HERRERA ◽  
Servio URDANETA-MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Synanthropic Rodents

Direct blood examination and xenodiagnosis of 47 synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Mus musculus) captured in the valley of Caracas, Venezuela, revealed trypanosomal infections in 12 R. rattus, 10 with T. lewisi and 2 with T. cruzi. Of the latter the course of parasitemia, the pleomorphism of the bloodstream trypomastigotes, tissue tropism in naturally and experimentally infected rats and mice, host mortality, morphology of fecal parasites in Rhodnius prolixus used for xenodiagnosis, and infectivity of the bug feces for NMRI mice, were all characteristic of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi. One rat, with a patent parasitemia, had numerous nests of amastigotes in cardiac muscle and moderate parasitism of the smooth muscle of the duodenum and of skeletal muscle. Mice inoculated with fecal flagellates from the bugs had moderate tissue tropism in the same organs and also in the colon and pancreas. The possible role of R. rattus in the establishment of foci of Chagas’ disease in Caracas is discussed

scholarly journals Laboratory evaluation of WBA 8119 as a rodenticide for use against warfarin-resistant and non-resistant rats and mice

1976 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Redfern ◽  
J. E. Gill ◽  
M. R. Hadler
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Commensal Species ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Rats And Mice

SUMMARYFeeding tests were carried out in the laboratory to evaluate WBA 8119 as a potential new rodenticide against wild common rats (Rattus norvegicus), ship rats (R. rattus) and house mice (Mus musculus). The results obtained are compared with data previously obtained for difenacoum, another member of the same series of 4-hydroxycoumarin anticoagulants.With warfarin-resistant and non-resistant common rats, complete kills were obtained using a concentration of 0·0005% for 2 days, or 0·001 % for 1 day: a 1-day test at 0·0005% killed 6 out of 10 and 17 out of 20 of the two types respectively. At 0·005% complete kills of resistant ship rats were obtained after 2 days exposure and of resistant house mice after 1 day, but at 0·002% for 2 days there was some survival. Non-resistant ship rats and house mice were all killed after 2 days feeding on 0·002% bait.In 2-day palatability tests, R. norvegicus showed no significant aversion to the poison at 0·002% and 100% mortality was obtained. The poison was significantly unpalatable to R. rattus at 0·005% and to M. musculus at 0·005% and 0·002 %, although with the last species these concentrations gave complete kills.It is concluded that WBA 8119 has greater activity than other known anticoagulants against the three commensal species examined. The laboratory results suggest that concentrations between 0·0005% and 0·002% would be suitable for field use against common rats, and between 0·002% and 0·005% for ship rats and house mice.

scholarly journals Analysis of different factors contributing the rodent infestations in urban areas in Faisalabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 1197-1203
Author(s):  
Azhar Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Rats And Mice

In the last decade there is a huge increase in the human population that has witnessed the important changes in the ecology, climate and human behaviour which ultimately favours the survival and increase in the population of urban pests. More alarmingly, a dramatic expansion in the rodent’s populations is a growing threat to the humans living in different urban settings. It is supposed that several socio-economic issues, environmental factors and type of housing facilities are contributing towards this higher increase in the rodent’s population in these areas. However, urban rat control programs are still ineffective as very little is known about their ecology. This study sought to investigate the type of housing and environment factors that provide food, water, shelter and harborage to rats and mice and risk factors of rodent infestations in three of the housing systems i.e. in squatter’s settlements, departmental colonies and posh residences including bungalows in Faisalabad. A total of 720 structures (240 each) were selected from these three housing systems. Snap and live trapping of commensal rats and mice (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus,Mus musculus) was carried out fortnightly from November, 2017 to October, 2018 suspecting the rats and mice population as variable as different structured housing systems. The removal data were used to estimate the size of the population of rats and mice per system. For rat and mice population estimation, Change-in-ratio (CIR) and Regression of daily capture on cumulative captures (RR) were employed. The higher number of rats/mice (814 specimens) were collected in squatter’ settlements. Among these 560, 184 and 70 specimens were of Mus musculus, Rattus rattus and Suncus murinus, respectively. The number of rodents captured from departmental colonies and posh residences/bungalows was 210 specimens (129 of M. musculus, 71 of R. rattus and 10 specimens of S. murinus) and 30 specimens of M. musculus, respectively. The major socio-economic factors contributing to these higher rodent infestations were low-grade residences with inadequate or no building maintenance measures and higher housing densities along with heterogenous breeding sites. These higher densities of rats and mice may pose a serious disease threats to human populations as they are carriers of a number of pathogens. The findings of the present study provide the specific features of rats and mice population in concern to human residences and may help to formulate controlling strategies against these culprits.

The contribution of raptorial birds to patterning in small mammal assemblages

Paleobiology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Interspecies Variability ◽  
Fossil Assemblages ◽  
Mammal Assemblages

Seven taxa of raptorial birds were experimentally fed a controlled sample of 50 house mice (Mus musculus). Bones recovered from the pellets were examined for interspecies variability in preservation to assess the potential contribution of specific raptors to patterning in fossil assemblages. Quantitative analyses demonstrate that patterns in bone fragmentation may assist in the identification of particular raptor species as depositional agents in small mammal assemblages.

scholarly journals Insights into mammalian biology from the wild house mouse Mus musculus

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Phifer-Rixey ◽  
Michael W Nachman
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Wild Mice ◽  
Wide Range

The house mouse, Mus musculus, was established in the early 1900s as one of the first genetic model organisms owing to its short generation time, comparatively large litters, ease of husbandry, and visible phenotypic variants. For these reasons and because they are mammals, house mice are well suited to serve as models for human phenotypes and disease. House mice in the wild consist of at least three distinct subspecies and harbor extensive genetic and phenotypic variation both within and between these subspecies. Wild mice have been used to study a wide range of biological processes, including immunity, cancer, male sterility, adaptive evolution, and non-Mendelian inheritance. Despite the extensive variation that exists among wild mice, classical laboratory strains are derived from a limited set of founders and thus contain only a small subset of this variation. Continued efforts to study wild house mice and to create new inbred strains from wild populations have the potential to strengthen house mice as a model system.

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