An Assessment of the Hazard Posed to Northern Quolls (Dasyurus-Hallucatus) by Aerial Baiting With 1080 to Control Dingoes

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR King ◽  
DR King
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Activity Areas

The hazard posed to northern quolls, Dasyurus hallucatus, during aerial baiting programs for the control of dingoes was studied in a pastoral area of Western Australia. The incidence of mortality and the movements of the animals were studied by means of radiotelemetry. Minimum activity areas ranged from 5 to 1109 ha, and the longest movement recorded was 3.5 km over 7 days. All animals could have encountered baits. Mating occurred shortly before baits were laid. The animals subsequently lost condition and body weights were low at the time of baiting. No quolls died in the 2 weeks following the baiting. This suggests that northern quolls and other, theoretically less susceptible, non-target species of mammals in the pastoral areas of Western Australia are not at risk from 1080 aerial baiting programs.

Smaller twins are not at risk of neonatal morbidity compared to their larger co-twins

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Oh ◽  
JH Lee ◽  
JH Kang ◽  
CW Park ◽  
JS Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Not At Risk

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Franca Genest ◽  
Dominik Rak ◽  
Elisa Bätz ◽  
Kerstin Ott ◽  
Lothar Seefried
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients’ medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8%) and 38 (35.5%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.

Potential impacts of poison baiting for introduced house mice on native animals on islands in Jurien Bay, Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Bennison ◽  
J. Anthony Friend ◽  
Timothy Button ◽  
Harriet Mills ◽  
Cathy Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Native Species ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Mus Domesticus ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Delivery Technique ◽  
Poison Baiting ◽  
Competition For Resources

Context House mice (Mus domesticus) are present on Boullanger and Whitlock islands, Western Australia, and could potentially threaten populations of the dibbler (Parantechinus apicalis) and grey-bellied dunnart (Sminthopsis griseoventer) through competition for resources. A workshop in 2007 recommended a study to assess the feasibility of eradicating house mice from the islands by using poison baits and of the risk posed to non-target native species. Aim We aimed to assess the risk to non-target native species if poison baiting was used to eradicate house mice on Boullanger and Whitlock islands. Methods Non-toxic baits containing the bait marker rhodamine B were distributed on Boullanger Island and on the mouse free Escape Island to determine the potential for primary poisoning. Acceptance of baits by mammals was measured through sampling and analysis of whiskers, and by reptiles through observations of dye in faeces. To determine the potential for secondary exposure to poison, the response of dibblers to mouse carcasses was observed using motion-activated cameras. Bait acceptance was compared using two methods of delivery, namely, scattering in the open and delivery in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes. A cafeteria experiment of bait consumption by dibblers was also undertaken using captive animals held at the Perth Zoo. Ten dibblers were offered non-toxic baits containing rhodamine B in addition to their normal meals; consumption of bait and the presence of dye in whiskers were measured. Key results Bait acceptance on the islands was high for house mice (92% of individuals) and dibblers (48%) and it was independent of bait-delivery technique. There was no evidence of bait acceptance by grey-bellied dunnarts. Dibblers may consume mice carcasses if available; however, no direct consumption of mice carcasses was observed with movement sensor cameras but one dibbler was observed removing a mouse carcass and taking it away. During the cafeteria experiment, 9 of 10 captive dibblers consumed baits. Conclusions This investigation demonstrated that dibblers consume baits readily and island populations would experience high mortality if exposed to poison baits. Poison baiting could effectively eradicate mice from Boullanger and Whitlock islands but not without mortality for dibblers. Implications Toxic baits could be used to eradicate mice from Boullanger and Whitlock islands, provided that non-target species such as dibblers were temporarily removed from the islands before the application of baits.

scholarly journals Delinquency and reputational orientations of adolescent at‐risk and not‐at‐risk males and females

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemaree Carroll ◽  
Steve Houghton ◽  
Umneea Khan ◽  
Carol Tan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Adolescent At Risk

scholarly journals Low Body Mass Index Can Identify Majority of Osteoporotic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Missed by Current Guidelines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Atreja ◽  
Ashish Aggarwal ◽  
Angelo A. Licata ◽  
Bret A. Lashner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Provider Adherence ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Current Guidelines

Background. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Our objective was to determine the usefulness of IBD guidelines in identifying patients at risk for developing osteoporosis.Methods. We utilized institutional repository to identify patients seen in IBD center and extracted data on demographics, disease history, conventional, and nonconventional risk factors for osteoporosis and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) findings.Results. 59% of patients (1004/1703) in our IBD cohort had at least one risk factor for osteoporosis screening. DXA was documented in 263 patients with indication of screening (provider adherence, 26.2%), and of these, 196 patients had DXA completed (“at-risk” group). Ninety-five patients not meeting guidelines-based risk factors also had DXA completed (“not at-risk” group). 139 (70.9%) patients in “at-risk” group had low BMD, while 51 (53.7%) of “not-at-risk” patients had low BMD. Majority of the patients with osteoporosis (83.3%) missed by the current guidelines had low BMI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low BMI was the strongest risk factor for osteoporosis (OR 3.07; 95% CI, 1.47–6.42;P=0.003).Conclusions. Provider adherence to current guidelines is suboptimal. Low BMI can identify majority of the patients with osteoporosis that are missed by current guidelines.

scholarly journals Exploring Gender Differences in PrEP Interest Among Individuals Testing HIV Negative in an Urban Emergency Department

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Ridgway ◽  
Ellen Almirol ◽  
Jessica Schmitt ◽  
Alvie Bender ◽  
Grace Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Subjective Risk ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Urban Emergency Department ◽  
Hiv Negative

PrEP is greater than 90% effective at preventing HIV infection, but many people who are vulnerable to HIV choose not to take PrEP. Among women, men who have sex with women (MSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) who tested HIV negative in our emergency department, we assessed behavioral risk factors, self-perception of HIV risk, and interest in PrEP linkage. Women had lower odds of perceiving any HIV risk versus no risk than MSM, while Whites had greater odds of perceiving themselves as high risk than Blacks. Age and self-perception of risk were not associated with PrEP interest, but patients who were objectively classified as “at risk” had greater odds of interest in PrEP than those not at risk (p < .01). Discordance between HIV risk self-perception and objective risk demonstrates the limitation of relying on patient self-referral for PrEP based on their own subjective risk perception.

Predicting drug-free days among at-risk youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-615
Author(s):  
Chau-kiu Cheung ◽  
Steven Sek-yum Ngai
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Drug Free

Summary Whether or not at-risk youth eschew illicit drugs because of its expected harm remains uncertain. In theory, expectancy is influential when the harm is valuable to the youth. Hence, to examine this possibility, this study employed a prospective design to collect data from 169 at-risk youths identified by social workers in Hong Kong, China. Findings Results revealed that when a youth has higher expectancy and valuation of harm in the baseline survey, he/she had considerably more drug-free days in the follow-up survey. However, neither the expectancy nor valuation alone introduced an effect on drug-free days. Applications These results sustained approaches to fostering the expectancy and valuation of harm for effective drug rehabilitation. Specifically, the approaches required to raise the expectancy of youth on the harm of drug abuse to their vigour and the value of sustaining their vigour simultaneously.

scholarly journals Increasing Undergraduate Success: A Randomized Controlled Trial of U-Pace Instruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Fleming ◽  
Laura E. Pedrick ◽  
Leah Stoiber ◽  
Sarah Kienzler ◽  
Ryan R. Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Instructional Condition ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Concept Mastery ◽  
Final Grades ◽  
Face To Face Instruction ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Undergraduate Success

U-Pace instruction, comprised of concept mastery and amplified assistance, has shown promise in increasing undergraduate success. To evaluate the efficacy of U-Pace instruction for students at-risk for college non-completion and students not at-risk and to determine whether concept mastery, amplified assistance, or both U-Pace components are responsible for the greater learning associated with U-Pace instruction, an experiment was conducted with four instructional conditions (U-Pace, Concept Mastery, Amplified Assistance, and Face-to-Face). At a public university, 914 undergraduates (576 at-risk) participated. U-Pace instruction produced greater learning than the comparisons. Additionally, U-Pace instruction produced greater academic success than Face-to-Face instruction. The percentage of final grades of A or B did not differ for Concept Mastery, Amplified Assistance, and U-Pace students. No interaction between instructional condition and risk status was found for final grades or learning. The efficacy of U-Pace instruction for both at-risk students and students not at-risk was supported.     

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