Social-Behavior and Colony Formation in a Population of Crested Terns, Sterna-Bergii, in Southwestern Australia

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
JN Dunlop
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Southwestern Australia ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
The Social

In a breeding population of crested terns near Fremantle, W.A., social behaviour involved complex patterns of social displays and paired behaviour. The social phase was probably truncated over much of the extended breeding season by the presence of incubating conspecifics, and may serve to synchronise laying in their absence. The responses of pre-laying crested terns to incubating conspecifics were studied by means of artificial 'colonies' of polyurethane models. These proved to be most attractive to prebreeding pairs searching for nest sites, and the earliest eggs were invariably laid among the decoys. Pre-breeding terns in the social phase were not attracted to the decoys. It is suggested that loose groups of incubating conspecifics acted as a key stimulus, releasing settlement and laying in birds in an advanced state of reproductive readiness. This key stimulus could change the learned location of colonies but during late summer and early autumn other factors, probably related to food availability, controlled the onset of laying. Small, spatially distinct, nesting groups were less synchronous in their laying than larger colonies. Such small groups are thought to result from discontinuities in reproductive phase between groups of terns, which are not apparent when the number of pre-laying birds is large.

Home Range and Activity of the Broad-toothed Rat, Mastacomys fuscus, in Subalpine Heathland

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Bubela ◽  
DCD Happold ◽  
LS Broome
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
The Social

Radiotelemetry and trapping were used to examine the home range and activity of Mastacomysfuscus Thomas in subalpine heathland at Smiggin Holes, N.S.W. The 75% utilisation contour was used to represent the home range. Its size varied between sexes and between seasons. During the mid-breeding season (January) male home ranges were larger than those of females. In late summer and autumn home ranges of males decreased and were no longer significantly larger than those of females. There was no significant variation in home ranges of females from January to autumn, although there was a slightly decreasing trend. In winter, individuals of both sexes congregated into communal nests, and home range decreased dramatically. Seasonal variation in home range is explained in terms of the social behaviour of the species. M. fuscus was mainly nocturnal but also exhibited some diurnal activity. There was no variation in activity between the sexes. Individuals were most active in January and February, became less active in March and late autumn, and were least active in winter.

Reviews of the Literature: Physiology, Psychology and Social Behavior

1952 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Charles Harding
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
General Study ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methods And Techniques

Over the last two decades ethnologists have been placing an increasing emphasis on social behavior rather than on artifacts and technologies. They have become increasingly interested in individuals and their interrelationships, in personality, and the ways in which it is developed and channeled. Sociologists, while not abandoning the study of population phenomena and general social trends, have become increasingly interested in small groups and the structural dynamics of specific institutions. Accordingly, there has been a tendency to take over methods and techniques for the study of individuals from others of the social sciences, especially psychology. This willingness to seek assistance from and make use of methods developed in other social sciences is a major strength of anthropology and sociology, as sciences devoted to the general study of man. Frequently, however, it seems that the particular methods and techniques selected have had very little real validation in their own area and often only a limited acceptance at best among those working in the disciplines in which they have been developed. Such methods and techniques have been taken over and enthusiastically used by anthropologists and sociologists in areas and on problems where there can be little or no hope of validation. Often this is because they are attempting to study the most complex aspects of a variety of human phenomena.

The Logic of Logic, and Beyond

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Cronk ◽  
Beth L. Leech
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Free Riding ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Social Behavior

This chapter examines Mancur Olson's arguments, which he articulated in The Logic of Collective Action, and compares them with those of his supporters and detractors. It also reviews the social science literature on cooperation, focusing primarily on the theoretical and empirical research on collective action that grew out of Olson's challenge. According to Olson, the members of a group have interests in common. His logic was an economic logic, based on the behavior of firms in the marketplace in their quest for profits. Olson extended this logic of the market to human social behavior. The chapter considers Olson's solutions to the problem of free riding and the possibility that no group would ever form, including coercion, small groups, selective benefits, and the by-product theory of public goods provisioning. Finally, it describes some major extensions of and challenges to Olson's path-breaking model.

scholarly journals BALINESE SPEECH SYSTEM TOWARDS SPEAKER SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyoman Suwija ◽  
Made Suarta ◽  
Nyoman Suparsa ◽  
Anak Agung Gde Alit Geria ◽  
Wayan Suryasa
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
The Way

Purpose of the study: The current study was intended to know the Balinese language had a unique speech system levels referred to anggah-ungguh basa, unlike the Indonesian language and the ethical-moral values of the Balinese speech system that positively impacts the social behaviour toward their speakers. Methodology: The present study was a qualitative study that was applied to the structuralism theory. The data were obtained through library research using the note-taking technique. The data collected were analyzed using the analytical descriptive method. Main Findings: There were unique Balinese speech system consists of the fifteen ethical-moral values: (1) religious, (2) honest, (3) tolerant, (4) discipline, (5) creative, (6) democratic, (7) wondering, (8) homeland loving, (9) friendship/communicative, (10) peace-loving, (11) awareness, and (12) responsible. Applications of this study: This study can be useful to the social behavior regarded the way of speaking based on the speech level. Novelty: The uniqueness was due to the respectful attitude of their speakers to one another.

Observations on the social behaviour of the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Skirrow ◽  
Milada Ryšan
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Cricetulus Griseus ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Food Caching ◽  
Site Familiarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Distance ◽  
Sexual Identification

Social behaviour between individuals and between mixed-sex pairs of Cricetulus griseus was observed in large floor pens. The species exhibited strong intolerance of conspecifics. Females were highly aggressive and dominant over males. Their presence seemed to inhibit aggression between males. Marking appeared to be positively correlated with dominance in females, and may have served for sexual identification in mixed-sex encounters. The site familiarity imposed by the experimental conditions had no effect on the outcome of encounters. Areas of exclusive occupancy were not recognized and defended, although the animals did show respect for nest sites. Aggressive behaviour was normally elicited by violation of an individual distance of about 15 cm.The absence of contact-promoting behaviour and preliminary warnings to attacks suggests a solitary, dispersed existence of C. griseus. The characteristics of a solitary species, such as a burrowing pattern of life, food caching, and a brief period of pair formation, are discussed in relation to earlier studies on the social organization of rodents.

BUCHANAN’S NON-COERCIVE ECONOMICS FOR SELF-INTERESTED INDIVIDUALS: ETHICS, SMALL GROUPS, AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Marciano
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Veil Of Ignorance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Veil ◽  
State Interventions ◽  
Pro Social Behavior

Market failures, which are usually viewed as a consequence of self-interest, are also supposed to be a major justification for coercive state interventions. This was the view of, among others, Richard Musgrave and Paul Samuelson, but not of James Buchanan. The latter certainly admitted that individuals are self-interested, that markets fail to allocate resources efficiently, but did not believe in the need for coercion. In this paper, we show that, to Buchanan, coercion can be unnecessary if certain post-constitutional conditions are satisfied. We show that he believed that self-interested individuals voluntarily adopt pro-social behavior in small groups. Small groups or small numbers represent a post-constitutional alternative to the veil of ignorance.

scholarly journals Self Awareness as a Predictor of Adolescent Behavior among Nursing Students: A School Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Vaishali D. Tendolkar ◽  
Shaini Suraj ◽  
Pravin Pande ◽  
Komal Meshram ◽  
Parikshit Muley
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
School Based ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The Social

Adolescence is “a period of great strain and stress, storm and strife’. Every individual wants to live a healthy and peaceful life. Each one must be aware of one’s strength, weakness, feelings, perceptions, thoughts, behaviours, initiation, motivations and actions particularly at specific life events. Self-awareness directs to perform any work in effective manner. Adolescents are expected to have highest level of self-awareness as it is the most important turning point in one’s life Objectives: 1) To assess the level of self-awareness among the adolescents. 2) To evaluate the social behaviour of the adolescents. 3) To find out the relationship between self-awareness on the social behaviour of the adolescents. Research Design: Correlation study. Population: Adolescents in the age group of 13-17 years both males and females Sample Size: 909. MaterialS: Modified self-awareness Scale and Researcher developed Adolescent social behavior scale. Results: Self-awareness has positive non-significant (r=0.004, p=0.91) relationship with the social behavior among adolescents. Conclusion: The study findings reveal that as the self awareness improves there are chances of improving the social behavior of adolescents. There are many factors contributing to social behavior such as education, socio-economic status, parental education and their occupation, friends and facilities provided for growth, motivation of adolescents and the surrounding environment and most importantly the provisions for facilitating the interactions between these factors.

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