Terrestrial Breeding in the Australian Leptodactylid Frog Myobatrachus gouldii (Gray)

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Surface Activity ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
South West ◽  
Breeding Seasons

M. gouldii is widespread in south-west Western Australia. Males call on the soil surface after rain in spring and in early and late summer. Females orient to calling males but amplexus does not occur on the surface. Egg size and number, and egg deposition sites 1 m deep in sand, are described; the male call and the distribution of calling males are documented, with preliminary data on breeding seasons and surface activity. M. gouldii is a terrestrial breeder with probable intracapsular, direct development, as has long been suspected.

The European Rabbit in South-Western Australia. I. Study Sites and Population Dynamics.

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR King ◽  
SH Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
European Rabbit ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
South West ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Winter Rain

Descriptions are given of 2 study sites in the south-west of Western Australia, on which rabbit numbers were monitored. Breeding seasons began in March or April, with the onset of winter rain, and rabbit numbers peaked in October-December, followed by a fall over the non-breeding period in summer. Winter epizootics of myxomatosis, which were spread by Spilopsyllus cuniculi, caused severe declines in rabbit numbers at both sites. Summer epizootics at one site before the introduction of the flea as a biological control agent, and rabbit mortality during these, was lower than in the winter epizootics.

Ecotypic variation for seed dormancy contributes to the success of capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) in Western Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Dunbabin ◽  
P. S. Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
First Year ◽  
Buried Seed ◽  
Dormancy Pattern

The seed dormancy characteristics of 2 capeweed [Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns] ecotypes from Western Australia were studied to determine aspects of seed dormancy that contribute to the success of this species in southern Australia. Short- and long-term dormancy pattern of buried and soil surface seed, effect of summer temperatures on afterripening, and effect of temperature on seed germination were investigated using seed produced in a common environment. There were large differences in the seed dormancy pattern of the 2 ecotypes studied. On the soil surface, >95% of seed of the Mt Barker ecotype became non-dormant and germinated in the first year, the remainder germinating the following season. In contrast, only 5% of Mullewa seed germinated in the first year, with 75% germinating in the second year and 20% of seed remaining dormant after 2 years. Cycling of dormancy was observed for buried seed of both ecotypes, with periods of non-dormancy corresponding with the likely timing of the break of the season. Dormancy cycling was also apparent in seed stored under constant conditions in the laboratory. Burial prevented germination of both ecotypes; however, the ability to resist germination while buried was lost in 30% of the Mt Barker seed in the second season. Differences in the duration of dormancy of soil surface and buried capeweed seed have evolved as an adaptation to the different environments likely to be experienced by plants at their site of collection. All seeds possessed primary dormancy at maturity, with any afterripening during the first year occurring by the end of summer. Afterripening was enhanced by exposure to typical soil surface temperatures, providing some protection against germination during early summer rainfall. Protection from late summer rains is insured by the inability of seed to germinate at temperatures >30°C and a relatively slow rate of germination. These features of capeweed seed dormancy, combined with the ability to evolve genetically distinct populations suited to particular environments, help explain why capeweed is so widespread and abundant across southern Australia.

The metabolic response to hypoxia and emersion of aestivating fishes (Lepidogalaxias salamandroides and Galaxiella nigrostriata) and a non-aestivating fish (Bostockia porosa) from south-western Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham G. Thompson ◽  
Philip C. Withers
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
South West ◽  
Metabolic Physiology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Progressive Hypoxia

We measured the metabolic rate of three fishes (Lepidogalaxias salamandroides, Galaxiella nigrostriata, Bostockia porosa) that are endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The first two species have been reported to aestivate, the third does not aestivate when the ponds dry up in late summer. For normoxic conditions, the metabolic rates of B. porosa and G. nigrostriata in water (0.48 mL g–1 h–1 and 0.44 mL g–1 h–1 respectively), are significantly higher than in air (0.21 mL g–1 h–1 and 0.08 mL g–1 h–1 respectively) but for the more benthic and terrestrially mobile L. salamandroides there was no significant difference between VO2 in water (0.29 mL g–1 h–1 ) and air (0.18 mL g–1 h–1). Progressive hypoxia (12, 5 and 2% O2) decreased the metabolic rate of G. nigrostriata and B. porosa in both water and air but there was a reduction in metabolic rate for L. salamandroides only in water. The metabolic physiology of L. salamandroides in water and air is consistent with the capacity to aestivate in moist soil, but the different metabolic response of G. nigrostriata suggests that it adopts a different strategy to L. salamandroides to survive when the ponds dry up in summer. The metabolism of G. nigrostriata in air and water declines with progressive hypoxia (from 12 to 5 to 2% O2). B. porosa does not appear to be able to cope metabolically when out of water or under hypoxic conditions, and therefore would not be able to aestivate.

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals Our New Cathedrals: Spirituality and Old-Growth Forests in Western Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Worth
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
South West ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Policy Proposals

Over the past 30 years in Western Australia (WA), there has been heated debate about the future use of the remaining karri and jarrah forests in the south-west of the State. This debate revolves around policy proposals from two social movements: one wants to preserve as much of the remaining old-growth forests as possible, and an opposing movement supports a continued

A Bayesian hierarchical downscaling model for south-west Western Australia rainfall

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Song ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Bryson Bates ◽  
Christopher K. Wikle
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
South West

scholarly journals "Payneham Vale": integrated whole farm Planning

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
R. S. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
The South ◽  
Farm Planning ◽  
South West ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo

IN 1908, Ron's grandfather, Issac Gray, took up an uncleared block of land 15 km north of Frankland in the south-west of Western Australia (see Fig. 1, Hobbs 2003). During that time he ran a few cattle in the bush and clearing of the native woodlands of Wandoo (white gum) Eucalyptus wandoo, J arrah E. marginata and Marri (Redgum) E. calophylla was slow and tedious. Ron's parents took over the farm in 1947, and with the advent of the bulldozer, clearing of Watkin's property and surrounding district began in earnest during the 1950s. Clearing continued as fast "as money permitted", until almost the last natural vegetation was knocked down in 1978 (Fig. 1). Annual pastures with some cropping (for supplementary feed) were the main source of fodder for sheep and cattle.

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