Breeding Behaviour and Ecology of the Australian Pelican, Pelecanus Conspicillatus, in New South Wales.

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJM Vestjens
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Cherax Destructor ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
A Minor

Australian pelicans (Pelecanus conspicillatus) were studied in colonies at 2 lakes in New South Wales. Adults regurgitated food for the young. Those up to 2 weeks old took liquid food from inside the tip of the adult's upper beak. Older ones took solid food from the adult's gullet, to age of about 3.5 months. After being fed, the young had convulsions lasting about 1 min; that did not happen after a second feeding immediately after the convulsion. Where there were 2 young of different sizes, only the larger convulsed, and sometimes the smaller was prevented from feeding and died of starvation. The survivor continued to have convulsions after feeding, as did single young, when there was no competition for food. Food was mainly fish; the most abundant fish was goldfish (Carassius auratus); a minor item was perch (Perca fluviatilis). Fish were 60 to 247 mm long and weighed 17 to 320 g. Crustaceans were less important and included freshwater crayfish (Cherax destructor) and shrimp (Macrobrachius sp.).

The taxonomy and phylogeny of the 'Cherax destructor' complex (Decapoda : Parastacidae) examined using mitochondrial 16S sequences

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Austin ◽  
T. T. T. Nguyen ◽  
M. M. Meewan ◽  
D. R. Jerry
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New South ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Cherax Destructor ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia

This study uses nucleotide sequences from the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene to investigate the taxonomy and phylogeny of freshwater crayfish belonging to the 'Cherax destructor' complex. The sequencing of an approximately 440-bp fragment of this gene region from freshwater crayfish sampled from 14 locations identified significant haplotype diversity. Phylogenetic analysis found three distinct clades that correspond to the species C. rotundus, C. setosus and C. destructor. C. rotundus is largely confined to Victoria, and C. setosus is restricted to coastal areas north of Newcastle in New South Wales. C. destructor is widely distributed in eastern Australia and shows significant phylogeographic structure, with three well supported clades. None of these clades, however, correspond to species previously recognised as C. esculus, C. davisi or C. albidus. The failure to genetically distinguish these morphologically defined species is consistent with reproductive information and morphological plasticity relating to habitat similar to that documented for other Cherax species.

Predation of Fish in Farm Dams by Cormorants, Phalacrocorax Spp.

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
CG Barlow ◽  
K Bock
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Great Cormorant ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Phalacrocorax Carbo ◽  
Cherax Destructor ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Black Cormorant ◽  
Stocking Rates

The effect of cormorants on the survival of native warm-water fishes in farm dams in south-western New South Wales was monitored during 1979 and 1980. Three species of cormorants frequented the dams: the great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, the little pied cormorant P. melanoleucos, and the little black cormorant P. sulcirostris. In dams fished by cormorants, more than 50% ofthe fish were consumed unless abundant alternative prey, in this case crayfish Cherax destructor, was present. Dams stocked with few fish (approximately 150 ha-1) were less commonly fished than those stocked with many fish (more than 450 ha-1). The majority of dams in the study area were fished by cormorants, which were present from midwinter to midsummer in both years. The results, and an examination of aspects of cormorant biology and methods used to prevent birds eating fish at hatcheries, indicated that buffer populations of crustaceans and low fish stocking rates are suitable methods for minimizing predation of fish in farm dams by cormorants.

Role of the crayfish Cherax destructor clark as food for trout in Lake Eucumbene, New South Wales

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Faragher
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
South Wales

The freshwater crayfish C. destructor was a major dietary item for brown trout, Salmo trutta L., and rainbow trout, S. gairdneri Richardson, in Lake Eucumbene, New South Wales. The incidence of crayfish in the diet increased, particularly in brown trout, over the period 1972-1977. The proportion of the trout's diet comprising C. destructor increased with length of brown trout but not with length of rainbow trout. The size of crayfish ingested was postively correlated with fish length for both species of trout, although rainbow trout tended to ingest smaller crayfish than brown trout of equivalent size. Analysis of the crayfish's diet revealed predominantly plant material. Spawning by the crayfish was apparently confined to the period December-April. The abundance of C. destructor in Lake Eucumbene was apparently low until about 1970 but increased between 1972-1977. A decline in the average size of brown and rainbow trout in the angler catch occurred from 1959-1960 until 1977-1978. Hypotheses are suggested for the increase of the crayfish population since impoundment of the lake (1957). Factors considered include predation by trout and the biology of the crayfish, particularly related to its occurrence in this lake, which has fluctuating water levels and a short season suitable for growth and spawning.

Zirconium-rich Sodic Pyroxenes in Felsic Volcanics from the Warrumbungle Volcano, Central New South Wales, Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (367) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Ferromagnesian Mineral ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Coupled Substitution ◽  
Host Lava ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Felsic Rocks

AbstractSoda-rich pyroxenes in felsic rocks from the Warrumbungle Volcano, central New South Wales, contain up to 14.5 wt. % ZrO2, which is more than double the previously reported maximum ZrO2 in pyroxene. Zr is believed to enter aegirine as the component Na(Fe2+,Mn,Mg)0.5Zr0.5Si2O6 via the coupled substitution: (Fe2+,Mn,Mg)VI+ZrVI = 2(Fe3+)VI. This component exceeds 50 mol. % in some analyses.Pronounced pyroxene Zr-enrichment is restricted to rocks in which sodic amphibole is the major ferromagnesian mineral, with pyroxene only a minor late-stage phase. The Zr-rich pyroxenes resulted from a combination of host lava peralkalinity, low oxygen fugacity, rapid disequilibrium crystallization and low mobility of the Zr ion. These factors collectively led to the development of interstitial Zr-enriched microdomains in the felsic hosts during their final stages of crystallization.

Studies on monogeneans and copepods parasitizing the gills of a sparid (Acanthopagrus australis (Günther)) in northern New South Wales

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Roubal
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Host Response ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Minor Response ◽  
South Wales ◽  
A Minor

Degree of host tissue response to monogenean (Lamellodiscus acanthopagri, L. major, L. squamosus, Haliotrema spariensis, Polylabroides multispinosus) and copepod (Ergasilus sp., Lernanthropus atrox, Alella macrotrachelus) parasites on the gills of Acanthopagrus australis varied with developmental stage and among species. The histophagous ancyrocephalines L. acanthopagri and L. squamosus and the sanguinivorous polyopisthocotylean P. multispinosus elicited no host response. In contrast, phylogenetic relatives of the former two species, L. major and H. spariensis, were associated with extensive hyperplasia of the filament. Among the copepods, Ergasilus sp. elicited a minor response. However, larval, subadult, and adult A. macrotrachelus were associated with increasing extents of filament alteration. Similarly, adult L. atrox were associated with massive hyperplasia which often included adjacent filaments. The observed variability in tissue response is discussed in terms of parasite attachment, mobility, and feeding strategies.

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