Small rodents in the crop ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hussain ◽  
A. M. Cheema ◽  
A. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life History Traits ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Tatera Indica ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Wild Vegetation ◽  
Fossorial Species

In a 16-month study on rodent-infestation patterns in crop fields on the Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan, five rodent species were found to occur in the following order of dominance: Tatera indica, Bandicota bengalensis, Mus spp., Golunda ellioti and Nesokia indica. On the basis of the trapping data, the first three species were considered to have pest status and their relative abundance changed from season to season. During spring, T. indica and B.�bengalensis were the dominant species. B. bengalensis became dominant in summer. The proportion of T. indica increased during the monsoon season and autumn (58.5%) and reached almost 95% during winter. Mus species were more common than B. bengalensis in the post-summer monsoon and autumn. G. ellioti and N. indica were captured occasionally, and showed no seasonal preference. As N. indica is a highly fossorial species, surface trapping is believed to have underestimated its prevalence. Unlike the other species, the population of T. indica was stable all over seasons; this appeared to be linked to its use of the wild vegetation on the field boundaries. This preliminary information highlights the need for further studies to explore the life-history traits and habitats of these rodent species.

scholarly journals Diversity, Prevalence and Risk Assessment of Nematode Parasites in Tatera indica found in Punjab State

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimple Mandla ◽  
Neena Singla ◽  
Sukhmanpreet Kaur Brar ◽  
L.D. Singla
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Tatera Indica ◽  
Syphacia Muris

Background: Present study was aimed to record diversity, prevalence and risk assessment of nematode parasites in Indian gerbil, Tatera indica, a wild rodent species found in crop fields. Methods: Total 180 Indian gerbils (T. indica) were live trapped from crop fields of Ludhiana, Punjab between April, 2019 to March, 2020 and examined for the diversity and prevalence of nematode parasites in liver and gastrointestinal tract. Result: Only 33 (18.33%) gerbils were found infected with four nematodes species i.e. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (39.40%), Calodium hepaticum (21.21%), Trichuris muris (21.21%) and Syphacia muris (18.18%). Eggs of N. brasiliensis, T. muris and S. muris were found in faecal samples. Pale yellow lesions on surface of liver and subsequent histopathology of infected liver indicated the presence of C. hepaticum eggs entrapped in parenchyma. Host age (χ2 = 8.78, P = 0.03) and season (χ2 = 9.21, P = 0.01) significantly affected the prevalence of N. brassiliensis and C. hepaticum, respectively. Shannon-Weiner index and Species Evenness of nematode parasites were maximum in monsoon season (1.04 and 0.94, respectively). Based on results proper rodent pest management is advised by integrated control measures at village level to prevent spread of diseases caused by them.

Transport of sulfonamide antibiotics in crop fields during monsoon season

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 22980-22992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Yol Park ◽  
Marianne Ruidisch ◽  
Bernd Huwe
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Sulfonamide Antibiotics ◽  
Crop Fields

scholarly journals Rodent Damage and Control in Peanut Fields in India

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Parshad ◽  
C. S. Malhi ◽  
N. Ahmad ◽  
B. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Zinc Phosphide ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Tatera Indica ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Methods Of Control

Abstract Studies were made on the identification, damage and chemical methods of control of rodent pests in irrigated and nonirrigated fields of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) at Ludhiana, India. Peanut fields were infested with Bandicota bengalensis, Tatera indica, Rattus meltada and Mus spp., except that B. bengalensis was absent in nonirrigated fields. These rodents reduced peanut yield by an average 3.86%, a loss of 190.18 rupees/ha ($15.12 US). Severe rodent damage was sporadic with a maximum of 18.97% reduction in peanut yield. Rodents inflicted more damage between 80 to 120 days after planting, i. e. during the pod fill stage of crop growth. A single treatment with poison bait at 80 to 90 days after planting with 2.4% zinc phosphide, 0.005% brodifacoum and 0.005% bromadiolone in cereal baits at the rate of 1 kg/ha resulted in 58.07%, 42.26% and 40.88% rodent control, respectively, in nonirrigated fields. In irrigated fields, 58.70% and 67.02% rodent control was achieved with zinc phosphide and brodifacoum baits respectively. Significantly higher rodent control was obtained with 2 treatments of either brodifacoum or bromadiolone than with a single treatment of any rodenticide. Wax blocks containing 0.005% brodifacoum were less effective than cereal baits containing the same rodenticide. Two applications at 10 day interval of either 0.005% brodifacoum or bromadiolone between 80–100 days after planting is suggested for rodent control in peanut fields.

scholarly journals Gut passage of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi by two opportunistic mycophagous rodents

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Citlalli Castillo-Guevara ◽  
Josette Sierra ◽  
Gema Galindo-Flores ◽  
Mariana Cuautle ◽  
Carlos Lara
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Small Rodents

Abstract Mycophagists can influence fungal diversity within their home ranges by ensuring the continued and effective dispersal of spores from one site to another. However, the passage of spores through the digestive tract of vertebrates can affect the activity and viability of the spores ingested. This phenomenon has been rarely documented in opportunistic mycophagists consuming epigeous fungi. Using laboratory experiments, we investigated the activity and viability of spores of two epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal species (Laccaria trichodermophora and Suillus tomentosus) after passage through the digestive tract of two opportunistic mycophagous small rodents, the volcano mouse Peromyscus alstoni and the deer mouse P. maniculatus. We found that passage through the gut of either species of rodent had a significant effect on spore activity and viability for both fungal species. The proportion of active spores (0.37–0.40) of L. trichodermophora in the feces of both species of rodents was less than that recorded for the control (0.82). However, the proportion of active spores (0.64–0.73) of S. tomentosus in the feces of each species of rodent was higher than in the control (0.40). On the other hand, the viability of spores was lower (0.26–0.30 in L. trichodermophora and 0.60–0.69 in S. tomentosus) for both fungi when consumed by either rodent relative to the controls (0.90 in L. trichodermophora and 0.82 in S. tomentosus). These findings suggest that these rodent species may be effective dispersers of both epigeous fungi.

Mammalian sex chromosomes. VI. Synapsis in the heterochromatin-rich X chromosomes of four rodent species, Mus dunni, Bandicota bengalensis, Mesocricetus auratus, and Nesokia indica

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Pal Singh ◽  
Rajiva Raman
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Female Meiosis ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Almost All

This study analyzes the progression of chromosomal synapsis in female meiosis of four rodent species, Mus dunni, Bandicota bengalensis, Mesocricetus auratus, and Nesokia indica. Special attention has been paid to understand the mode of pairing between heterochromatin-rich X chromosomes. The ovaries were obtained from newborn individuals instead of fetuses. In all but M. auratus, day 0 ovaries provided almost all the prophase stages at varying frequencies. In B. bengalensis and M. dunni the entire X chromosomes were paired including the heterochromatin. In M. auratus and N. indica, the heterochromatic arms in a proportion of X bivalents, however, were only partially synapsed. It appears that in these two species heterochromatin association is either delayed or short lived.Key words: sex chromosomes, meiosis, heterochromatin, synapsis.

scholarly journals Helminths in Myomorph Rodents (Rodentia, Myomorpha) from the National Park “Smolny” and Its Surroundings (European Russia)

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kirillova ◽  
Alexander Ruchin ◽  
Alexander Kirillov
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Arvicola Amphibius ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
First Time

The National Park “Smolny” is a large forest area, located in the center of European Russia. The helminth fauna of myomorph rodents was studied for the first time within the National Park in 2018–2020. Rodents were examined by the method of complete helminthological dissection. A total of 30 species of parasites were recorded in 11 rodent species: 6 trematodes, 11 cestodes and 13 nematodes. The trematode Plagiorchis maculosus (Rudolphi, 1802) was found in Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780) from the Russian fauna for the first time. Clethrionomys glareolus and Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779) are new hosts for P. maculosus and metacestode Versteria mustelae (Gmelin, 1790), respectively. The most widespread and eurybiont rodent species have the most diverse and rich helminth fauna, such as C/glareolus (14 species), Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771) (12) and Sylvaemus uralensis (Pallas, 1811) (10). The helminth fauna is less diverse in Sylvaemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834), M. arvalis (7 species each), Microtus agrestis (Linnaeus, 1761) (5), Microtus subterraneus (de Selys-Longchamps, 1836) (3), Sicista betulina (Pallas, 1779) (2) and Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758) (1). Сomparative analysis the helminth fauna of small rodents from the National Park “Smolny” with micromammals from other regions of European Russia revealed that the high similarity with other areas reaches the helminth fauna of M. subterraneus, S. flavicollis, S. uralensis, S. betulina, A. amphibius and M. agrestis.

Dietary habits of lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota Bengalensis) in an agro-ecosystem, Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baig ◽  
T. Mahmood ◽  
N. Munawar ◽  
A. Saman ◽  
A. Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Wild Vegetation

Abstract Dietary habits of bandicoot rats (bandicota bengalensis) were investigated in the agricultural crops of the Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan by analysing stomach contents. The research activities were conducted in major field crops including wheat-groundnut and in the fallow lands during non-crop season at the field boundaries. The specimens were captured from the fields using kill/snap traps, and dissected to collect their stomach samples for laboratory analysis. Light microscopic slides of the plant material were recovered from stomach samples and the reference materials were collected from the field. Results revealed that the bandicoot rat predominantly fed upon cultivated crops during cropping season but consumed wild vegetation during non-cropping season. There was no significance difference between summer and winter diets. Most frequently consumed crop food items were wheat (Triticum aestivum; 28.57%), groundnut (Arachis hypogea; 11.26%), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor; 10.17%), chickpea (Cicer arietinum; 9.52%), maize (Zea mays; 6.49%), millet (Pennisetum glaucum; 5.84%), barley (Hordeum vulgare; 4.98%) and mustard (Brassica campestris; 4.98%). Among wild vegetation were consumed khbal gha (Cynodon dactylon; 7.79%), baron dhab (Demostachya bipinnata; 7.36%) and Prickly flower (Achyranthes aspera; 3.03%). The study concludes that, in addition to consuming wheat and groundnut crops, the Lesser bandicoot rat also subsists on grasses, weeds, and some fodder crops, as important component of its diet in agro-ecosystem of the Pothwar Plateau.

scholarly journals Late Quaternary Environmental and Human Impacts on the Mitochondrial DNA Diversity of Four Commensal Rodents in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
San Maung Maung Theint ◽  
Thidalay Thwe ◽  
Khin Myat Myat Zaw ◽  
Tomofumi Shimada ◽  
Saw Bawm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Nearby Region ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Commensal Rodents

Abstract We addressed the spatiotemporal characteristics of four commensal rodent species occurring in Myanmar in comparison with other areas of the Indo-Malayan region. We examined sequence variations of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cytb) in the Pacific rat (Rattus exulans), roof rat (Rattus rattus complex, RrC), lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis), and house mouse (Mus musculus) using the recently developed time-dependent evolutionary rates of mtDNA. The Cytb sequences of RrC from Myanmar were shown to belong to RrC Lineage II, and their level of genetic diversity was relatively high compared to those of the other three species. RrC was found to have experienced bottleneck and rapid expansion events at least twice in the late Pleistocene period in Myanmar and a nearby region. Accordingly, paleoclimatic environmental fluctuations were shown to be an important factor affecting rodents in the subtropics of the Indo-Malayan region. Our results show that human activities during the last 10,000 years of the Holocene period affected the population dynamics of the rodent species examined, including introducing them to Myanmar from neighboring countries. Further study of these four commensal rodents in other geographic areas of the Indo-Malayan region would allow us to better understand the factors that drove their evolution and their ecological trends.

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