Seventeen Years of Forest Succession Following the Waterfalls Canyon Fire in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Doyle ◽  
DH Knight ◽  
DL Taylor ◽  
WJ Barmore ◽  
JM Benedict
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
First Year ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Understory Plant

Plant species composition has been sampled periodically since the 1974 Waterfalls Canyon Fire in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. Prior to the fire, the forests were dominated by mature Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii and Finns contorta. All three tree species have reestablished. After 17 years, P. engelmannii sapling density was 1.2-11.2 times greater than the other tree species. A. lasiocarpa and P. contorta saplings were second in density to P. engelmannii in the moderate and severely burned stands, respectively. The understory shrub and herbaceous species that were most abundant during the first 17 years were common the first year after the fire and were also found in the unburned mature forest. Species present in the unburned forest contributed 91-100% of the understory cover in the moderate burn, and 55-74% in the severe burn. Species richness was greatest in the severely burned stand and has increased during the 17 years of succession. While sprouting is the primary mechanism for understory plant establishment in the moderate burn, most species appear to have grown from seeds in the severe burn.

Interactive effects of tree and herb cover on survivorship, physiology, and microclimate of conifer seedlings at the alpine tree-line ecotone

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza L Maher ◽  
Matthew J Germino ◽  
Niles J Hasselquist
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
First Year ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nighttime Temperatures ◽  
Snowy Range

Factors affecting the establishment of trees in subalpine meadows are important to population dynamics of trees in the alpine tree-line ecotone (ATE). Interactive effects of tree and herb cover on conifer seedlings were investigated in the ATE of the Snowy Range, Wyoming, USA. Microclimate, physiology, and survivorship of first-year conifer seedlings of Pinus albicaulis Engelm., Picea engelmannii Parry, and Abies lasiocarpa Hook. were measured in response to manipulations of surrounding herb and tree cover, as well as water availability. Tree and herb cover had nearly additive effects on survivorship and photosynthesis of conifer seedlings, except under alleviated water stress. In P. albicaulis, photosynthesis was greater near compared with away from trees and herbs, and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) increased under herb cover. Tree cover led to greater nighttime temperatures, soil water contents, and, like herb cover, shade from solar radiation for seedlings. We did not detect any negative responses of conifer seedlings to surrounding vegetation. Furthermore, the effect of surrounding vegetation on conifer establishment appeared dependent on the type of surrounding vegetation, the species of conifer, and microsite stress level. These factors may lead to variation in the way conifer seedlings interact with surrounding vegetation and could explain changes in the relative abundances of tree species during forest succession in ATEs.

scholarly journals Water Relations of Conifer Seedlings in Disturbed Versus Understory Habitats

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
A. Knapp ◽  
W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Sound Management

A research project was initiated in the summer of 1980 to study re-establishment of vegetation following prescribed burning in Glacier National Park (GNP), Montana. The problem of conifer re-establishment following disturbance such as fire has often been associated with inadequate moisture conditions (Ronco 1970). The ecophysiological characteristics of a particular species may determine its success in establishment as well as its successional role in a community. Since the goal of prescribed burning is often to "set back" succession in a particular community, knowledge of the ecophysiological characteristics of the species involved is vital to the development of sound management policy. Three conifers common to GNP and the Rocky Mountains, Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii, and Pinus contorta, were monitored throughout the season to develop baseline information on their water relations at exposed sites, similar to postburn situations, compared to normal understory situations. Although, successional patterns concerning these three conifers have been well documented (Stahelin 1943, Langenheim 1962, Day 1972, Whipple and Dix 1979), their ecophysiological adaptations influencing establishment and succession following a burn or other disturbance has received little attention.

scholarly journals Hypogeous Fungi Occurrence, Distribution and Mycorrhizal Hosts in Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Steven Miller
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Quaking Aspen ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Hypogeous Fungi ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Speckled Alder

The 1990 field season constituted the last of a three year study to survey the hypogeous fungi of Grand Teton National Park and the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem. The objectives were to: 1. collect and identify hypogeous fungi found in association with ectomycorrhizal tree hosts such as lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Douglas-frr (Pseudotsuga menziesii), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), and speckled alder (Alnus tenuifolia), and several species of willow (Salix sp.) throughout the area; and 2. to gain an initial understanding of the importance of these fungi as food for small mammals.

scholarly journals Temperature/Body Size Interactions and Species Interaction in Montane Ponds in Grand Teton National Park

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 180-181
Author(s):  
Bruce Woodward ◽  
Sandra Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
National Park ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
First Year ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Body Sizes

We visited Grand Teton National Park in May, June and July 1991 to begin research on species interactions in shallow montane ponds. Our primary interests were in how body size variation influences species interactions, and how temperature influences body size and thus species interactions. Our goal in the first year was to explore the extant variation in temperature regimes and body sizes of potentially interacting species, and examine some of these species interactions.

scholarly journals Habitat Distribution of Small Mammal Communities in Grand Teton National Park

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Nancy Stanton ◽  
Steven Buskirk ◽  
Steve Miller
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Fire Policy ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Natural Fire ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

Since Grand Teton National Park adopted a natural fire policy in the early 1970's, four major fires have burned within the park which created a chronosequence of post-burn successional ecosystems. The burns encompassed forests varying in composition from Englemann spruce (Picea englemanil) /subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) /lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) (Beaver Creek, Mystic Isle) to Englemn spruce / subalpine fir (Waterfalls Canyon) to primarily lodgepole pine (Huckleberry Mountain).

Mycorrhization, physiognomy, and first-year survivability of conifer seedlings following natural fire in Grand Teton National Park

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L Miller ◽  
Therese M McClean ◽  
Nancy L Stanton ◽  
Stephen E Williams
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Natural Fire ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio

Ectomycorrhiza formation, survivability, and physiognomic characteristics were assessed for conifer seedlings encountered 1 and 2 years postfire in the Huck burn site near Grand Teton National Park. Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. germinated and was abundant throughout the first growing season. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. germinated during May and June but was rarely encountered by September. First-year survivorship of P. contorta seedlings was about 50% for east-facing burn and edge and west-facing burn treatments. Mortality was higher in the west-facing edge treatment at about 64%. Pinus contorta seedlings collected in July and August had allocated approximately 75% more biomass to epicotyl production than to hypocotyl production, whereas by September seedlings had allocated 30-50% of their biomass to hypocotyls, regardless of site or treatment. Few or no ectomycorrhizae were formed until September. By September 100% of surviving seedlings were ectomycorrhizal. The number of ectomycorrhizae was positively correlated with the number of primary needles and the root/shoot ratio. These results highlight the importance of mycorrhizae to conifer seedling survival during the initial growing season and point to alteration of carbon allocation as a primary mechanism affecting seedling survival.

scholarly journals The association among dominant tree species in mount Halimun Salak National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 743 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
Denny ◽  
T Setyawati ◽  
T Kalima ◽  
M Wardani ◽  
Zuraida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park
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