The transferability of a dNBR-derived model to predict burn severity across 10 wildland fires in western Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas O. Soverel ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
Daniel D. B. Perrakis ◽  
Lori D. Daniels ◽  
Sarah E. Gergel
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Prescribed Fires ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Ecological Process ◽  
Operational Application ◽  
Parks Canada

Wildfire is a complex and critical ecological process that is an integral component of western Canadian terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, Canadian land management agencies such as Parks Canada require detailed burn severity data for the monitoring and managing of both wildland and prescribed fires. In order to gather this type of information for our study, the acquisition of Landsat imagery was acquired and the differenced Normalised Burn Ratio was computed, a technique that has been shown to be sensitive to field measured burn severity. It is less known if this technique can be transferred and extrapolated over space and time so as to make routine and operational application of the approach feasible. To answer this question, we combined burn severity data from 10 fires across western Canada to test the transferability of an overall model as well as one stratified by land cover and ecozone. Finally, we tested the statistical benefit of incorporating pre- and post-fire data directly into the statistical model using transformations of the remote sensing imagery. Our results indicated that an overall differenced Normalised Burn Ratio derived model successfully estimated burn severity for the majority of fires in the study, which supports its transferability across multiple western Canadian landscapes.

scholarly journals Plant ecophysiological processes in spectral profiles: perspective from a deciduous broadleaf forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hibiki M. Noda ◽  
Hiroyuki Muraoka ◽  
Kenlo Nishida Nasahara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Canopy Reflectance ◽  
Broadleaf Forest ◽  
Leaf Optical Properties ◽  
Deciduous Broadleaf Forest

AbstractThe need for progress in satellite remote sensing of terrestrial ecosystems is intensifying under climate change. Further progress in Earth observations of photosynthetic activity and primary production from local to global scales is fundamental to the analysis of the current status and changes in the photosynthetic productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper, we review plant ecophysiological processes affecting optical properties of the forest canopy which can be measured with optical remote sensing by Earth-observation satellites. Spectral reflectance measured by optical remote sensing is utilized to estimate the temporal and spatial variations in the canopy structure and primary productivity. Optical information reflects the physical characteristics of the targeted vegetation; to use this information efficiently, mechanistic understanding of the basic consequences of plant ecophysiological and optical properties is essential over broad scales, from single leaf to canopy and landscape. In theory, canopy spectral reflectance is regulated by leaf optical properties (reflectance and transmittance spectra) and canopy structure (geometrical distributions of leaf area and angle). In a deciduous broadleaf forest, our measurements and modeling analysis of leaf-level characteristics showed that seasonal changes in chlorophyll content and mesophyll structure of deciduous tree species lead to a seasonal change in leaf optical properties. The canopy reflectance spectrum of the deciduous forest also changes with season. In particular, canopy reflectance in the green region showed a unique pattern in the early growing season: green reflectance increased rapidly after leaf emergence and decreased rapidly after canopy closure. Our model simulation showed that the seasonal change in the leaf optical properties and leaf area index caused this pattern. Based on this understanding we discuss how we can gain ecophysiological information from satellite images at the landscape level. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of ecophysiological remote sensing by satellites.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Applications for Landslide Monitoring and Investigation in Western Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Renato Macciotta ◽  
Michael T. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Landslide Monitoring ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
River Valleys

Transportation infrastructure in mountainous terrain and through river valleys is exposed to a variety of landslide phenomena. This is particularly the case for highway and railway corridors in Western Canada that connect towns and industries through prairie valleys and the Canadian cordillera. The fluidity of these corridors is important for the economy of the country and the safety of workers, and users of this infrastructure is paramount. Stabilization of all active slopes is financially challenging given the extensive area where landslides are a possibility, and monitoring and minimization of slope failure consequences becomes an attractive risk management strategy. In this regard, remote sensing techniques provide a means for enhancing the monitoring toolbox of the geotechnical engineer. This includes an improved identification of active landslides in large areas, robust complement to in-place instrumentation for enhanced landslide investigation, and an improved definition of landslide extents and deformation mechanisms. This paper builds upon the extensive literature on the application of remote sensing techniques and discusses practical insights gained from a suite of case studies from the authors’ experience in Western Canada. The review of the case studies presents a variety of landslide mechanisms and remote sensing technologies. The aim of the paper is to transfer some of the insights gained through these case studies to the reader.

scholarly journals Watershed Health Changes based on Vegetated Land Cover in the Upper Citarum Watershed, West Java, Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
K Marko ◽  
D Sutjiningsih ◽  
E Kusratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
West Java ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Health Level ◽  
Watershed Health

Abstract The increase in built-up land and the decrease in vegetated land due to human activities have worsened watershed health from time to time. This study aims to assess the watershed’s health and changes every ten years based on the percentage of vegetated land cover except agricultural land in the Upper Citarum watershed, West Java. Land cover information was obtained from the processing of Landsat imagery in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 based on remote sensing using the supervised classification method. The watershed health level is determined by calculating the percentage of vegetated land cover of 173 catchments. The results show that the area of the vegetated land cover decreased from 1990 to 2000, then increased from 2000 to 2010, and decreased again from 2010 to 2020. Changes in the area of vegetated land in each period of the year affect the health level of the watershed in a spatiotemporal manner. Although these changes occur in a fluctuating manner, the number of unhealthy catchments in the Upper Citarum watershed is increasing, especially in the Ci Kapundung sub-watershed in the north and Ci Sangkuy in the south.

scholarly journals Indicative landscape monitoring of the national nature park (case study the territory of Slobozhansky National Nature Park)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Landscape Indicators ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Landscape Monitoring

Formulation of the problem. National Natural Parks (NNP) – protected areas where anthropogenic and natural landscapes are combined in the same territory. In addition, the main functions of such objects are significantly competitive, which requires monitoring of changes in existing landscapes. It is necessary to define the local objects which, being the most sensitive, at the same time have small plasticity, therefore, are capable to react quickly and adequately to any changes. That is what we call indicative. Analysis of recent research and publications. Many researchers of the USA, Great Britain, Germany, Australia conduct landscape monitoring using remote sensing data and GIS technologies. For example, D. Keith, S. Rodoreda, L. Holman, R. Noss, U. Walz, and others. The National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden studies development of modern landscape monitoring in countries of Europe. Landscape Monitoring of Terrestrial Ecosystems, studied by researches R. Kennedy, J. Jons, K. Jones and others allow using data of satellite for selection of plant contours using Gis-technology. Landscape monitoring of the territory of NNP «Slobozhanskiy» has never been carried out. The aim of the study is to choose satellite images, taking into account the area of the study, the choice of optimal methods of their processing for the compilation of a database of landscape structure facies for landscape monitoring based on long-term observations on the ground, comparing their results with geodata. We have determined wetlands, as landscape indicators. Presentation of the main material of the study. Comprehensive analysis of remote sensing data carried out by the authors, allowed us to make sure that vegetation cover is the most indicative, except for the contours of wetlands, which are clearly identified and easily compared in multi-spectral images. It is reliably determined by the characteristic features combine with the corresponding spectral ranges and the image structure. In addition, changes in vegetation allows you to visually determine changes in landscape groupings and the speed of these changes. Summary. The indicative features of landscape monitoring are wetlands, and there are two direct indicators: the contours of wetlands and the change in the aspect of vegetation. The monitoring method is a multispectral analysis of images obtained by processing combinations of spectral channels, which showed the ability to determine the changes in the selection, taking into account reflectivity of the surface. Limitations of the method are the following: there is no established method of meticulous analysis of changes in the structure of vegetation, which is observed visually, but is not reflected instrumentally; inability to take into account random features of the territory conditions and space scanning at a certain point, which is interesting for the study. Finally, the types of monitoring objects, indicative signs of changes and ways to track them according to high-precision and generally available satellite information are determined.

scholarly journals Forest areas remote monitoring within the limits of transport objects impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Dmytro Liashenko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Pavliuk ◽  
Vadym Belenok ◽  
Vitalii Babii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Collecting Methods ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

The article studies the issues of using remote sensing data for the tasks of ensuring sustainable nature management in the territories within the influence of transport infrastructure objects. Peculiarities of remote monitoring for tasks of transport networks design and in the process of their operation are determined. The paper analyzes the development of modern remote sensing methods (satellite imagery, the use of mobile sensors installed on cars or aircraft). A brief overview of spatial data collecting methods for the tasks of managing the development of territories within the influence of transport infrastructure (roads, railways, etc.) has made. The article considers the experience of using remote sensing technologies to monitor changes in the parameters of forest cover in the Transcarpathian region (Ukraine) in areas near to highways, by use Landsat imagery.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing in Predicting Development Patterns of Built-up Land

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Iqbal Eko Noviandi ◽  
Ramadhan Alvien Hanif ◽  
Hasanah Rahma Nur ◽  
Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
West Java ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Total Growth

Indonesia is a developing country whose construction and development are centered on the island of Java, especially in West Java Province. Sukabumi City is one of the areas in West Java. The development of urban areas is expanding due to various human needs to carry out the construction of buildings. Remote sensing that can be used to store developments with multi-temporal analysis with materials is Landsat imagery from 2001 to 2020. The method used is the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). The purpose of this study is to map the development of the built-up land from year to year and predict the following years. The results of the research on the significant changes in built-up land occurred between 2013-2020, while from 2001 to 2013 there was not much change. Based on the research results, the total growth of built-up land was 1.539% per year with a population growth rate of 1.4% per year. The results of the analysis show that the area of ​​land built in Sukabumi City in 2028 is 186,7194 km2 or has increased by 21,2808 km2 since 2020.

Relationships among burn severity, forest canopy structure and bat activity from spring burns in oak–hickory forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Lacki ◽  
Luke E. Dodd ◽  
Nicholas S. Skowronski ◽  
Matthew B. Dickinson ◽  
Lynne K. Rieske
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Prescribed Fires ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Stand Characteristics

The extent to which prescribed fires affect forest structure and habitats of vertebrate species is an important question for land managers tasked with balancing potentially conflicting objectives of vegetation and wildlife management. Many insectivorous bats forage for insect prey in forested habitats, serving as the primary predators of nocturnal forest insects, and are potentially affected by structural changes in forests resulting from prescribed fires. We compared forest-stand characteristics of temperate oak–hickory forests, as measured with airborne laser scanning (light detection and ranging, LiDAR), with categorical estimates of burn severity from prescribed fires as derived from Landsat data and field-based Composite Burn Indices, and used acoustic monitoring to quantify activity of insectivorous bats in association with varying degrees of burn severity (unburned habitat, low severity and medium severity). Forest-stand characteristics showed greatest separation between low-severity and medium-severity classes, with gap index, i.e. open-air space, increasing with degree of burn severity. Greater mid-storey density, over-storey density and proportion of vegetation in the understorey occurred in unburned habitat. Activity of bats did not differ with burn severity for high-frequency (clutter-adapted or closed-space foragers) or low-frequency (edge or open-space foragers) bats. Results indicate that differing degrees of burn severity from prescribed fires produced spatial variation in canopy structure within stands; however, bats demonstrated no shifts in activity levels to this variation in canopy structure, suggesting prescribed fire during the dormant season, used as a management practice targeting desired changes in vegetation, is compatible with sustaining foraging habitat of insectivorous bats.

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