225. Characterisation of a diverse secretome generated by the mouse preimplantation embryo

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
C. O.'Neill ◽  
A. Beardsley
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Arginine Deiminase ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Mouse Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Esi Mass Spectrometry

This study investigated the suitability of surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionisation time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) and electro-spray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of the proteins released by the mouse preimplantation embryo in vitro. SELDI-TOF analysis with CM10 or IMAC30 (but not Q10) chips detected a protein peak at m/z 8570 released by both C57BL6 and hybrid embryos. No other peaks unique to the embryo were identified with this method. ESI mass spectrometry of tryptic digests of embryo conditioned media identified a total of 20 proteins released during development from the zygote to blastocysts stage. Four proteins were expressed in at least 7 out of 8 cultures tested, one of these (lactate dehydrogenase B) was in all cultures. A further five proteins were in at least half of the cultures and 11 more putative proteins were detected in at least one culture. The pattern of protein secretion was not obviously different for C57BL6 or hyrid embryos. The expression of two of these proteins is essential for preimplantation embryo development (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 5 protein and peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VI). A further four proteins detected have roles in redox regulation of cells, and three others are capable of inducing post-translational modification of proteins. This study shows the feasibility of ESI mass spectrometry and the limitations of SELD-TOF mass spectrometry for identifying the proteins scereted by the preimplantation embryo in vitro. This analysis identifies a range of targets that now require detailed functional analysis to assess whether their release by the embryo is an important property of the early embryo, or an artefact of in vitro culture.

scholarly journals Deadly decisions: the role of genes regulating programmed cell death in human preimplantation embryo development

Reproduction ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Jurisicova ◽  
Beth M Acton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development

Human preimplantation embryo development is prone to high rates of early embryo wastage, particularly under currentin vitroculture conditions. There are many possible underlying causes for embryo demise, including DNA damage, poor embryo metabolism and the effect of suboptimal culture media, all of which could result in an imbalance in gene expression and the failed execution of basic embryonic decisions. In view of the complex interactions involved in embryo development, a thorough understanding of these parameters is essential to improving embryo quality. An increasing body of evidence indicates that cell fate (i.e. survival/differentiation or death) is determined by the outcome of specific intracellular interactions between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, many of which are expressed during oocyte and preimplantation embryo development. The recent availability of mutant mice lacking expression of various genes involved in the regulation of cell survival has enabled rapid progress towards identifying those molecules that are functionally important for normal oocyte and preimplantation embryo development. In this review we will discuss the current understanding of the regulation of cell death gene expression during preimplantation embryo development, with a focus on human embryology and a discussion of animal models where appropriate.

scholarly journals Maternal Underweight Does Not Adversely Affect The Outcomes of IVF/ICSI and Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles or Early Embryo Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Hoffman ◽  
Yael Kalma ◽  
Nivin Samara ◽  
Einat Haikin Herzberger ◽  
Sagi Levi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oocyte Maturity ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development

Abstract Purpose To compare assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes and preimplantation embryo development between underweight and normal weight women. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 26 underweight women (body mass index [BMI] < 18.50 kg/m2) and 104 normal weight women (BMI > 20 and < 24.9 kg/m2) who underwent a total of 204 in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles and 358 fresh/frozen embryo transfers (ET) in our institution between January 2016 and December 2018. Statistical analyses compared selected ART outcomes (ovarian stimulation, fertilization, and pregnancy) between both weight groups. Morphokinetic and morphological parameters were also compared between 346 and 1467 embryos of underweight and normal weight women, respectively. Results The mean ± standard deviation age of the underweight and normal weight women was similar (31.6 ± 4.17 vs 32.4 ± 3.59 years; p = 0.323). There were no differences in the peak estradiol levels, the number of retrieved oocytes, the number of metaphase II oocytes, and the oocyte maturity rates between the two groups. The IVF/ICSI fertilization rates and the number of embryos suitable for transfer or cryopreservation were similar for both groups. All morphokinetic parameters that were evaluated by means of time-lapse imaging as well as the morphological characteristics were comparable between low and normal BMI categories. There were no significant differences in pregnancy achievement, clinical pregnancy, live births, and miscarriage rates between the suboptimal and optimal weight women. Conclusion Underweight status has no adverse impacts on the outcomes of IVF/ICSI with either fresh or frozen ET or on preimplantation embryo development and quality.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anti-Oxidative Effect of Human Adipose- and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Kihae Ra ◽  
Hyun Ju Oh ◽  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Sung Keun Kang ◽  
Jeong Chan Ra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Antioxidant Gene ◽  
Mouse Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Antioxidant Gene Expression

Oxidative stress is a major cause of damage to the quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. Antioxidants are usually supplemented to protect embryos from the suboptimal in vitro culture (IVC) environment. Amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC) have emerged as a promising regenerative therapy, and their paracrine factors with anti-oxidative effects are present in AMSC conditioned medium (CM). We examined the anti-oxidative potential of human AMSC-CM treatment during IVC on mouse preimplantation embryo development and antioxidant gene expression in the forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. AMSC-CM (10%) was optimal for overall preimplantation embryo developmental processes and upregulated the expression of FoxOs and their downstream antioxidants in blastocysts (BL). Subsequently, compared to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-CM, AMSC-CM enhanced antioxidant gene expression and intracellular GSH levels in the BL. Total antioxidant capacity and SOD activity were greater in AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Furthermore, SOD and catalase were more active in culture medium supplemented with AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Lastly, the anti-apoptotic effect of AMSC-CM was observed with the regulation of apoptosis-related genes and mitochondrial membrane potential in BL. In conclusion, the present study established AMSC-CM treatment at an optimal concentration as a novel antioxidant intervention for assisted reproduction.

scholarly journals Dietary Sugar in Healthy Female Primates Perturbs Oocyte Maturation and In Vitro Preimplantation Embryo Development

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 2688-2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Chaffin ◽  
Keith E. Latham ◽  
Namdori R. Mtango ◽  
Uros Midic ◽  
Catherine A. VandeVoort
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Dietary Sugar ◽  
Significant Health

The consumption of refined sugars continues to pose a significant health risk. However, nearly nothing is known about the effects of sugar intake by healthy women on the oocyte or embryo. Using rhesus monkeys, we show that low-dose sucrose intake over a 6-month period has an impact on the oocyte with subsequent effects on the early embryo. The ability of oocytes to resume meiosis was significantly impaired, although the differentiation of the somatic component of the ovarian follicle into progesterone-producing cells was not altered. Although the small subset of oocytes that did mature were able to be fertilized in vitro and develop into preimplantation blastocysts, there were &gt;1100 changes in blastocyst gene expression. Because sucrose treatment ended before fertilization, the effects of sugar intake by healthy primates are concluded to be epigenetic modifications to the immature oocyte that are manifest in the preimplantation embryo.

The effect of extracellular matrix molecules on mouse preimplantation embryo development in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Figueiredo ◽  
G. M. Jones ◽  
G. A. Thouas ◽  
A. O. Trounson
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Sulfate Proteoglycan ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Mouse Preimplantation Embryo

The extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, laminin (LN), chondroitin sulfate (CS), fibronectin (FN), hyaluronic acid (HA), mucin (MUC) and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HS), were investigated as supplements to culture medium to improve the in vitro development of mouse 1-cell zygotes to blastocysts. Development was also compared with that in medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to determine the potential for ECM molecules as suitable alternatives to serum albumin in culture medium. Supplementation of sequential culture media with LN at all concentrations examined failed to result in more than 70% of zygotes developing to blastocysts; therefore, LN was considered unsuitable as a replacement for BSA and was not examined further. The optimal concentration of the remaining ECM molecules was used to supplement sequential culture media and the effect on blastocyst quality was assessed by determining the differential cell numbers of blastocysts grown in BSA-supplemented medium. Development to blastocyst was similar, regardless of the macromolecule used. The number of inner cell mass cells was significantly higher in HS-supplemented medium compared with controls. Trophectoderm cell numbers were similar to control values for all ECM molecules examined except CS for which there were fewer trophectoderm cells. It is concluded that ECM molecules, FN, HA, MUC and HS may be used as substitutes for serum protein supplementation of culture media EG0/G2 for mouse preimplantation embryo development. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan increases inner cell mass numbers and this may be due to interactions with the growth factors fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF-4) and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

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