Measurement of plant-available cadmium in New Zealand soils

Soil Research ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Andrews ◽  
RM Town ◽  
MJ Hedley ◽  
P Loganathan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Anodic Stripping

Several methods of measuring plant-available cadmium (Cd) were compared using soils that had accumulated Cd under normal New Zealand agricultural practices (low total Cd concentrations, and phosphatic fertiliser as the dominant Cd source). The study encompassed 9 New Zealand soils with different Cd input histories. Cadmium was extracted from these soils by demineralised water, 0.05 M Na2EDTA, 1 M NH4OAC (pH 7), 0.01 M CaCl2, and 0.05 M CaCl2 and quantified by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The DP-ASV measures the free Cd ion and that associated with labile complexes, but not large organic Cd complexes. Extractable Cd levels were compared with those which are plant-available, as determined by pot studies (lettuce). The 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable Cd measured by AAS and 0.05 M CaCl2-extractable Cd measured by DP-ASV gave the best estimate of plant availability of Cd.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Two Methods for the Determination of Thallium in Urine

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J H Bessems ◽  
L W Westerhuis ◽  
H Baadenhuijsen
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Extraction Step ◽  
Analytical Recovery ◽  
Anodic Stripping

Two analytical procedures for the determination of thallium in urine are evaluated and compared. The two methods consist of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Both procedures correlated well and were found to be acceptable in terms of precision and analytical recovery. However, a solvent extraction step proved to be necessary for the AAS procedure, and the linearity with respect to the concentration range was rather limited. The method based on DPASV is simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive and does not require any pretreatment of the sample. We therefore recommend the voltammetric procedure for the determination of thallium in urine, as described in this paper.

Temperature-Programmable Furnace for Ashing of Foods in Trace Metal Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-240
Author(s):  
Walter Holak
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Analysis ◽  
Trace Metal Analysis ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract The use of a programmable furnace in preparing samples for determining cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry or atomic absorption spectrophotometry is convenient and timesaving. Recovery data for these 4 metals in various foods (tuna, sardines, and milk) were 93— 96% for 0.01—1 ppm cadmium, 96—114% for 0.05—5 ppm lead, 100—108% for 2—10 ppm copper, and 97% for 10 ppm zinc.

Determination of Lead in Evaporated Milk by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry: Collaborative Study

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1246-1251
Author(s):  
John A Fiorino ◽  
Robert A Moffitt ◽  
Albert L Woodson ◽  
Raymond J Gajan ◽  
Glen E Huskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Ppm Level

Abstract A method for the determination of lead in evaporated milk was successfully collaborated by 11 laboratories. Five laboratories used both atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) for the determination, 5 used only the atomic absorption method, and 1 used only the polarographic method. Each collaborator received 12 samples, 2 at each of the 5 different levels (0.06–0.95 ppm) and 2 practice samples with a known lead content. Both AAS and ASV were equally suitable for the determination of lead in the concentration range studied. The pooled variation between duplicate determinations was 0.0010 and 0.0016 for the AAS and ASV methods, respectively. For the AAS determinations the coefficients of variation (random error components) decreased from 43% at the lowest Pb level to 4% at the highest level. Although the ASV results did not show the same regularity of decreasing coefficients of variation with increasing Pb level, the coefficients of variation were acceptable: 28% at the 0.06 ppm level and 6% at the 0.22 ppm level. The AAS method has been adopted as official first action and the ASV method as interim official first action.

Elemental analysis of the marine biological reference material LUTS-1 by instrumental neutron activation, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, and anodic stripping voltammetry

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norine Motkosky ◽  
Angelo Ransirimal Fernando ◽  
Byron Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Biological Reference Material ◽  
Marine Biological ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Anodic Stripping

Marine biological reference material LUTS-1, lobster heptopancreas, was analyzed for elemental homogeneity using graphite furnace atomic absorption, anodic stripping voltammetry, and neutron activation analysis. Analysis of samples taken from 12 bottles of LUTS-1 bottled on two different days showed no statistical differences at the 95% confidence level for within-bottle variance for a large number of elements. Differences were observed for between-day variances for aluminum, iron, cobalt, sodium, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, but not at a level sufficient to affect utility as a reference material. Keywords: neutron activation analysis, graphite furnace atomic absorportion spectroscopy, anodic stripping voltammetry, elemental analysis, marine biological reference material.

Lead in Preserved Duck Eggs: Field Screening Test and Confirmation and Quantitation by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1014-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Krinitz ◽  
Nivia Tepedino
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Egg Albumen

Abstract Analysis of preserved duck eggs in this laboratory by acid digestion and atomic absorption spectrophotometry has shown that addition of lead salts to the egg coating to speed the preservation process results in lead in the egg albumen and yolk. The lead levels decrease as the lead passes through successive membranes, i.e., the lead level in the yolk is lower than that in the albumen. A method has been developed for the field screening of preserved duck eggs for the presence of lead in which a portion of the egg coating is shaken with 4% acetic acid, and the resulting solution is tested by a modification of the AOAC dithizone method. A quantitative method for laboratory confirmation of lead in egg albumen and/or yolk has also been developed in which lead is determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry or anodic stripping voltammetry after closed-system Tefloncup digestion with nitric acid.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) Using Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry at a Bismuth Film-Modified Electrode

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Mau Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Van Hop ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Luyen ◽  
Nguyen Hai Phong ◽  
Tran Thanh Tam Toan
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Bismuth Film ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Anodic Stripping

The simultaneous electrochemical determination of Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) in the aqueous solution has been developed on the basis of the bismuth film glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV). The bismuth film electrode (BiFE) was prepared by adding 500 ppb bismuth(III) directly to the sample solution and simultaneously depositing bismuth and the metal analytes on GCE. The optimal operational parameters, namely, accumulation potential (–1.6 V), accumulation time (110 s), pulsed amplitude (0.07 V), and scan rate (0.021 V·s−1), were found using a Box–Behnken design. Under the optimum conditions, a linear relationship exists between the current and the concentration of Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) in the range between 5.0 ppb and 110.0 ppb with the detection limits of 1.07 for Zn(II), 0.93 ppb for Cd(II), 0.65 ppb for Pb(II), and 0.94 ppb for Cu(II) calculated on the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio equal to 3 (S/N = 3). The interference experiments show that Co(II), Ni(II), and Fe(III) have a little influence on the DP-ASV signals of Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II). In addition, a high reproducibility was indicated from small relative standard deviations (1.03%, 1.74%, 1.32%, and 4.74%) for 25 repeated measurements of 15 ppb copper, lead, cadmium, and zinc solutions. BiFE was successfully applied to determine Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) in river samples, and the results are in a good agreement with those determined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS).

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