Sediment transport by shallow flows impacted by pulsed artificial rainfall

Soil Research ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIA Kinnell
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Artificial Rainfall ◽  
Shallow Flows

In many experiments using rainfall simulators, rainfall is applied to the target as a high intensity pulse so that there are often long periods when the soil receives no rain and there are short periods when the soil receives rain at an extremely high intensity. Because concerns exist about the use of such methods of applying rain in experiments designed to help predict erosion under natural conditions, experiments using intermittent and continuous artificial rainfall were performed and analysed in terms of a recently developed theory on erosion by rain-impacted flow. The results indicate that the manner in which the rain is applied does not significantly influence the time-averaged sediment discharge from the sediment transport perspective. However, if high intensity, high energy pulses of rain influence factors which affect the susceptibility of the soil to erosion differently to continuous rain, then concerns about the use of intermittent rainfall in soil erosion experiments remain.

scholarly journals Dynamic Modeling of Sediment Budget in Shihmen Reservoir Watershed in Taiwan

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chin Chen ◽  
Ying-Hsin Wu ◽  
Che-Wei Shen ◽  
Yu-Jia Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Sediment Production ◽  
Shihmen Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Watershed

Qualifying sediment dynamic in a reservoir watershed is essential for water resource management. This study proposed an integrated model of Grid-based Sediment Production and Transport Model (GSPTM) at watershed scale to evaluate the dynamic of sediment production and transport in the Shihmen Reservoir watershed in Taiwan. The GSPTM integrates several models, revealing landslide susceptibility and processes of rainfall–runoff, sediment production from landslide and soil erosion, debris flow and mass movement, and sediment transport. For modeling rainfall–runoff process, the tanks model gives surface runoff volume and soil water index as a hydrological parameter for a logistic regression-based landslide susceptibility model. Then, applying landslide model with a scaling relation of volume and area predicts landslide occurrence. The Universal Soil Loss Equation is then used for calculating soil erosion volume. Finally, incorporating runoff-routing algorithm and the Hunt’s model achieves the dynamical modeling of sediment transport. The landslide module was calibrated using a well-documented inventory during 10 heavy rainfall or typhoon events since 2004. A simulation of Typhoon Morakot event was performed to evaluate model’s performance. The results show the simulation agrees with the tendency of runoff and sediment discharge evolution with an acceptable overestimation of peak runoff, and predicts more precise sediment discharge than rating methods do. In addition, with clear distribution of sediment mass trapped in the mountainous area, the GSPTM also showed a sediment delivery ratio of 30% to quantify how much mass produced by landslide and soil erosion is still trapped in mountainous area. The GSPTM is verified to be useful and capable of modeling the dynamic of sediment production and transport at watershed level, and can provide useful information for sustainable development of Shihmen Reservoir watershed.

POLARIS - A High Energy, 2.5x10^11 Temporal Contrast, High Intensity Diode Pumped Solid State Laser

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Hornung ◽  
Sebastian Keppler ◽  
Alexander Kessler ◽  
Hartmut Liebetrau ◽  
Andreas Seidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid State Laser ◽  
Temporal Contrast ◽  
State Laser ◽  
Diode Pumped

scholarly journals Modeling the dynamics of soil erosion and size-selective sediment transport over nonuniform topography in flume-scale experiments

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. P. Heng ◽  
G. C. Sander ◽  
A. Armstrong ◽  
J. N. Quinton ◽  
J. H. Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Soil Erosion

High-energy X-ray radiography of laser shock loaded metal dynamic fragmentation using high-intensity short-pulse laser

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 115106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genbai Chu ◽  
Tao Xi ◽  
Minghai Yu ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
Yongqiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Laser ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Laser Shock ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dynamic Fragmentation ◽  
Short Pulse Laser

scholarly journals 2D Sediment Transport Modelling in High Energy River – Application to Var River, France

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Zavattero ◽  
Mingxuan Du ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Olivier Delestre ◽  
Philippe Gourbesville
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
Sediment Transport Modelling

Microstructure of titanium alloy modified by high-intensity implantation of low- and high-energy aluminium ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 125722 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.I. Ryabchikov ◽  
D.O. Sivin ◽  
I.A. Bozhko ◽  
I.B. Stepanov ◽  
A.E. Shevelev
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Energy

scholarly journals Long-term Monitoring of the Vegetation Cover of Mountain Territories in the GIS for Soil and Landscape Study of Territories

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
G. Djalilova ◽  
F. Mamatkulova ◽  
Z. Mamatkulova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Process ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

Rational use of natural resources and preservation of environment in good conditions are the basis of stable state of the ecosystem. Mountain soil erosion is the most common process of degradation. Soil protection from erosion is becoming a global problem in the world, and in Uzbekistan, in particular. Natural conditions of the region create a potential danger of soil erosion. The reason for its manifestation is the misuse of land, non-compliance with necessary requirements for soil protection. In most cases, it is due to the location of homesteads and crops on erosion-prone soils that poorly protect soil from erosion, improper cultivation of soils on arable land, unregulated grazing of pastures, and damage to soil protective plantations.

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