Causes and prediction of changes in extractable phosphorus during flooding

Soil Research ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Willett
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
P Release ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
No Release ◽  
Extractable Phosphorus ◽  
A Minor

In a laboratory experiment, samples of 18 soils, which are known to be flooded in the field, were flooded for up to 32 days. Both untreated and phosphate-treated (50 mg P kg-1) soils were studied. It was attempted to identify which chemical properties measured on the dry untreated soils, and the changes in pH, Eh and extractable Fe and Mn over the flooding periods, controlled the changes in sodium acetate buffer (pH 3.0) extractable phosphorus during flooding. It was shown that the reduction of iron(III) oxides was the dominant source of the P released during flooding. However, the amount of P released was strongly inhibited by re-sorption. Direct measurement of the amount of iron(III) reduced during flooding and measurement of phosphate sorption were required to predict the amount of P released during flooding. Organic matter contributed toward the P released during flooding. Its contribution appeared to be by mineralization, rather than by accelerating FeIII reduction. The reduction of MnIII and MnIII was a minor source of P in the untreated soils. Changes in soil pH during flooding were responsible for desorption of freshly applied P, but did not appear to affect P release in the untreated soils. The Vertisols and some of the Alfisols showed very little, or no release of P during flooding.

scholarly journals Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
AKM Abul Ahsan ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

scholarly journals Effect of Mid-Term Cropping System Adoption on Soil Chemical Properties at Changunarayan Municipality, Bhaktapur, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Saroj Koirala ◽  
Santosh Shrestha ◽  
Prashanta Raut ◽  
Bikram Pandey ◽  
Arbindra Timilsina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Wide Range

Soil chemical properties plays a crucial role in crop yield. In this study, we evaluated the chemical properties of soils under three different cropping systems practiced for more than five years in Changunarayan municipality of Bhaktapur district of Nepal. The cropping systems includes- (i) cultivation inside polyhouse (Treatment A: polyhouse), (ii) paddy-wheat rotation (Treatment B: P-W), and (iii) paddy-wheat-vegetable rotation (Treatment C: P-W-V). Thirty-nine composite samples (13 replicates from each site) were taken from the area based on variation in landforms. Soil pH, organic matter (%), total nitrogen (%), available phosphorus (mgkg-1), and available potassium (mgkg-1) were evaluated for each sample. The study revealed that the soil pH was acidic and ranges between 4.71 and 5.39, organic matter (1.6-2.39%), total nitrogen (0.091-0.13%), phosphorus (4.48-29.24mg kg-1) and potassium (88.04-109.52 mg kg-1). A significant lower mean pH (4.71), and higher mean organic matter (2.39%), total nitrogen (0.13%) and available phosphorus (29.24 mgkg-1) were observed in cultivation under polyhouse. Incorporation of vegetable in paddy-wheat system gave significant (p<0.05) higher accumulation of soil phosphorus and consistently raised other nutrient status. Moreover, cultivation under polyhouse raised C:N ratio (10.55) significantly than other system. This finding can be relevant to wide range of readers that focus on soil chemical properties and can be used in developing future research strategy and sustainable soil management system in the area.

Effect of Tillage and Cover Crop on Fluometuron Adsorption and Degradation under Controlled Conditions

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake A. Brown ◽  
Robert M. Hayes ◽  
Donald D. Tyler ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
No Till

Fluometuron adsorption and degradation were determined in soil collected at three depths from no-till + no cover, conventional-till + no cover, no-till + vetch cover, and conventional-till + vetch cover in continuous cotton. These combinations of tillage + cover crop + soil depth imparted a range of organic matter and pH to the soil. Soil organic matter and pH ranged from 0.9 to 2.5% and from 4.7 to 6.5, respectively. Fluometuron adsorption was affected by soil depth, tillage, and cover crop. In surface soils (0 to 4 cm), fluometuron adsorption was greater in no-till + vetch plots than in conventional-tilled + no cover plots. Soil adsorption of fluometuron was positively correlated with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. Fluometuron degradation was not affected by adsorption, and degradation empirically fit a first-order model. Soil organic matter content had no apparent effect on fluometuron degradation rate. Fluometuron degradation was more rapid at soil pH > 6 than at pH ≤ 5, indicating a potential shift in microbial activity or population due to lower soil pH. Fluometuron half-life ranged from 49 to 90 d. These data indicate that tillage and cover crop may affect soil dissipation of fluometuron by altering soil physical and chemical properties that affect fluometuron degrading microorganisms or bioavailability.

scholarly journals African Rhino plantain clone (Musa AAB) behavior when using chicken manure as soil amendment and nematicides.

1969 ◽  
Vol 96 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Agenol González-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Mg Content

The effects of chicken manure as a soil amendment and the application of nematicides on plant characteristics, yield and foliar nutrient content of the African Rhino plantain clone were evaluated. Chemical properties of the soil were monitored after chicken manure application. Chicken manure, at a rate of 25 t/ha, was incorporated during soil preparation. The nematicide treatment Included the use of etoprop at planting, followed by oxamyl at six and 12 months after planting. The application of chicken manure significantly increased the height and diameter of the pseudostem, reduced the number of days from planting to shooting, and increased bunch weight, and yield per hectare. With the use of chicken manure a yield of 34,242 kg/ha was obtained. This yield represents a 33% increase over that of the treatment without chicken manure. The use of nematicides significantly diminished the number of collapsed plants and Increased plantain yield. The use of chicken manure Increased the foliar content of N and Ca whereas the use of nematicide had no effect on any of the nutrient foliar content. The chemical properties of the soil (pH; organic matter; electric conductivity; N, P, K, Ca and Mg content) were not affected by the use of chicken manure.

scholarly journals Soil fertility status of some mango orchards in Chittagong Hill Tracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
MG Kibria ◽  
MJ Ahammad ◽  
KT Osman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Fertility Status ◽  
Orchard Soils

Major physico-chemical properties of mango orchard soils (Mangifera indica L.) in different sites of three hill districts, Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarban were evaluated. Soils were sandy loam in texture at all the sites except foot hill soil of Shapchari. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied from 4.76 to 5.58, 1.43 to 2.49 %, 0.10 to 0.16 %, 0.86 mg kg-1 to 2.69 mg kg-1 soil, respectively in surface soil of different sites of mango orchard. 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ranged from 0.35 to 0.82, 2.50 to 3.66 and 0.60 to 1.57 cmol kg-1 of soils. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied significantly among the slope positions within the sites. Similar results were found in case of 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. The soils are generally poor in organic matter and nutrients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17244 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):187-197, 2011

scholarly journals African Rhino plantain clone (Musa AAB) behavior when using chicken manure as soil amendment and nematicides.

1969 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Agenol González-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Mg Content

The effects of chicken manure as a soil amendment and the application of nematicides on plant characteristics, yield and foliar nutrient content of the African Rhino plantain clone were evaluated. Chemical properties of the soil were monitored after chicken manure application. Chicken manure, at a rate of 25 t/ha, was incorporated during soil preparation. The nematicide treatment Included the use of etoprop at planting, followed by oxamyl at six and 12 months after planting. The application of chicken manure significantly increased the height and diameter of the pseudostem, reduced the number of days from planting to shooting, and increased bunch weight, and yield per hectare. With the use of chicken manure a yield of 34,242 kg/ha was obtained. This yield represents a 33% increase over that of the treatment without chicken manure. The use of nematicides significantly diminished the number of collapsed plants and Increased plantain yield. The use of chicken manure Increased the foliar content of N and Ca whereas the use of nematicide had no effect on any of the nutrient foliar content. The chemical properties of the soil (pH; organic matter; electric conductivity; N, P, K, Ca and Mg content) were not affected by the use of chicken manure.

scholarly journals Edaphic macrofauna and soil physicochemical properties, in smallholder coffee farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-950
Author(s):  
Eli Morales ◽  
Segundo Chávez ◽  
Elder Chichipe ◽  
Manuel Oliva ◽  
Lenin Quiñones
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Indicator ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
Time Of Year

Edaphic macrofauna is a biological soil indicator that is rarely applied in the identification of soil quality in coffee farms. The objective was to evaluate edaphic macrofauna and soil physico-chemical properties in four coffee farms at different altitudes. The farms were selected in four hamlets of small-scale coffee farmers. In one-hectare plantations, three monoliths of 25 × 25 cm wide by 30 cm depth were sampled. Soil samples were taken from each plot, then the organic matter (OM) content, hydrogen potential (pH), electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrogen (N) content were determined. There were no differences in macrofaunal diversity for the altitudes studied, but there were differences according to the time of year (rainfall and low water). The maximum Shannon index was 2.2 (rainy season) and 1.1 (dry season). Physico-chemical parameters such as soil pH ranged from 7.8 - 8.15 in the lower altitude farms and for the higher altitude farms it was 6.38 - 6.65. Soil pH was highly negatively correlated with altitude. Nitrogen was positively correlated with organic matter. Faunal diversity is negatively correlated with season and the presence of microorganisms is influenced by the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil.

scholarly journals Intensive Vegetable Production Degrades Volcanic Ash Soil in Cabintan, Ormoc City, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Frances Mae Pizon ◽  
◽  
Anabella B. Tulin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Exchangeable Bases ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Volcanic Ash Soil

Long-term intensive cultivation leads to soil-related problems. This study was conducted to know the changes in physico-chemical properties of volcanic ash soil (Andisol) in Barangay Cabintan, Ormoc City, Leyte after ten years of intensive vegetable production. Five sampling sites were selected, representing fallow and intensively cultivated areas. The soils were collected and analyzed for particle size analysis (PSA), bulk density (Db), soil pH, organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable bases potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). The findings of the current study were compared to the results reported by the ACIAR project ten years ago. The results revealed that the soil physico-chemical properties of Andisol changed within ten years. There were significant differences in soil physicochemical properties of Andisol across sites and depths as influenced by the two types of soil management over ten years. Soil management practices influenced the nutrient supplying capacity and the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Soil texture did not vary except for sites C and E (intensively cultivated areas). The bulk density remained low while the soil pH, soil organic matter, nitrogen, and exchangeable bases decreased. However, the available phosphorus increased under intensive vegetable production. The overall results highlighted the need to employ the appropriate soil management, specifically fertilizer application. An accurate and exact combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is highly recommended in the area to obtain the desired vegetable yield.

Phytotoxicity and Adsorption of Chlorsulfuron as Affected by Soil Properties

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegnehu Mersie ◽  
Chester L. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} was compared in six soils, and the relationship of activity to soil physical and chemical properties was evaluated. The influence of soil pH (4.2 to 7.8) on phytotoxicity and adsorption of chlorsulfuron incorporated into high-organic-matter soil was also studied. For the phytotoxicity studies, corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3320’) was used as the bioassay plant. Organic matter was the soil variable most highly correlated with chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity. There was an inverse relationship between phytotoxicity and organic matter. No significant relationship between clay content and chlorsulfuron toxicity was observed. The adsorption of chlorsulfuron decreased with increasing soil pH while desorption was greater at alkaline pH. Phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron increased with increasing soil pH and reached a maximum at pH 6.9.

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