Copper and zinc species in the soil solution and the effects of soil pH

Soil Research ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Jeffery ◽  
NC Uren
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Chelex 100 ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Free Metal

A scheme to distinguish various species of trace metals in the soil solution has been used to study the forms of copper and zinc in the soil solution of a sandy loam that had been limed to give a range of soil pH values. The scheme is based on the lability of the metal species and involves the use of anodic stripping voltammetry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and equilibration with Chelex-100 exchange resin. The solubility of zinc in this soil decreased markedly with increasing soil pH, with most of the zinc being present as free metal ions or as labile complexes. In contrast, copper species were largely moderately labile and non-labile and the solubility of copper varied only slightly with soil pH. The effects of enriching the soil with the metals and organic matter on the species present were also investigated.

Metal Speciation in Separate Stormwater Systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. P. Morrison ◽  
D. M. Revitt ◽  
J. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
Organic Complexes

Biogeochemical processes, affecting metal speciation in a gullypot system and at stormwater outfalls, are investigated. Ionic Pb and Cu species released from road sediments by add rain are scavenged by dissolved organic material and suspended solids as a result of a rise in pH through the road/gullypot system. Cadmium and Zn tend to remain in the dissolved phase. Bacterial activity and add dissolution produce increases in dissolved metal in the gullypot liquor and it is these metals which contribute to the early storm profile. Metals in basal gullypot sediments are readily mobilised during high volume/intensity storms. The resulting stormwater contains dissolved ionic forms of Cd and Zn, while Pb is mostly adsorbed to suspended solid surfaces. Copper also binds to solids, although approximately 50% is transported by dissolved organic material (molecular weight ≈ 1000-5000). For the separation of directly toxic metal species, anodic stripping voltammetry at polymer coated electrodes is preferred. Lead and Cu are present as iron/humic colloids and organic complexes respectively, which are not directly toxic to algae. Cadmium is predominantly ionic and inorganically complexed and therefore directly toxic. It is recommended that the highly toxic lipid soluble metal species should be analysed in stormwater.

scholarly journals The use of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and diffusive gradient in thin films for heavy metals speciation in soil solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Dytrtová ◽  
Ivana Šestáková ◽  
Michal Jakl ◽  
Jiřina Száková ◽  
Daniela Miholová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Anodic Stripping

AbstractIn the soil solutions obtained in situ with suction cups from soils (Cambisol and Fluvisol) of pot experiment with Salix smithiana Smith, Lolium perenne L. and Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl heavy metals species (Cd, Pb and Cu) were assayed by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and diffusive gradient in thin films. Prediction of accumulation performed best at free metal ion concentrations in unchanged pH (in 10−3 mol L−1 NaClO4 base electrolyte). The speciation provided by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry according to pH can provide a detailed description of the soil solution matrix. The concentration of free metals in unchanged pH represents a small part of the total content and varied from 0.04 to 0.75% with two exceptions found for accumulating plants (the content of Cd2+ in the soil solution from T. caerulescens was about 6% and the content of Cu2+ in the soil solution from S. smithiana was about 30%). The available concentration as determined by diffusive gradient in thin films was not in correlation with the heavy metals concentration in plant biomass.

Competition between particles and dissolved organic matter for trace metal binding in unpolluted soil solutions: Monitoring and thermodynamic approaches

2012 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-201
Author(s):  
Aurélie Pelfrene ◽  
Nathalie Gassama
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Soil Solutions

Abstract In this study, monitoring and thermodynamic approaches were combined in order to identify the dominant features, which control the speciation of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in solutions from unpolluted planosolic soil (North Massif Central, France). Three sites were selected according to topography and monitored from January to May 2006 using piezometers. The sandy-loam to clay-loam organic-rich horizon (horizon A) and the gravely and concretion-rich horizon (horizon E) were chosen to assess the potential impact of type of horizon on the chemical speciation of metals in the soil solutions. Binding of metals to organic ligands was studied by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) in order to acquire experimental data which could be used for the validation of speciation models. These data, together with data from the literature on properties of natural particulate matter, were used to determine the speciation of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn with a thermodynamic code (PHREEQC). The observed and predicted speciation were compared to estimate the contributions of natural dissolved organic matter and of particles to the binding of metal ions. There was a good match between observed and predicted results, validating the approach used. Results show that particles (mixed iron and aluminium oxides ± clays ± organic matter) play the main role in the speciation of the trace metals in soil waters rather than complexation with dissolved organic matter. Moreover, particles govern speciation to a greater extent in horizon E than in horizon A, which can be linked to hydrodynamics (reaction time between water and soil due to porosity) and chemical reactivity of the solution circulating.

Copper, zinc, and nickel in soil solution affected by biosolids amendment and soil management

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Ion Activities ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Free Metal

Soil plots on a pasture were amended with biosolids spiked with copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), or zinc (Zn), resulting in maximum concentrations of 181 mg Cu, 58 mg Ni, and 296 mg Zn/kg in soil. Soil solutions from the plots were obtained by centrifugation for chemical analyses, and free metal ion activities (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) were computed from the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM). In the 3 years after biosolids amendment, the concentrations and activities of Cu, Ni, and Zn in soil solution increased with their amounts in biosolids. Copper and Ni concentrations in soil solution were higher than their critical concentrations recently reported in the literature. While Cu in soil solution was dominated by Cu-humic complexes, Ni2+ and Zn2+ were the majority species of the metals. Liming the soil plots to increase pH from 5.5 to ~7 greatly reduced the concentrations of the trace metals, particularly Zn; Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ were decreased by orders of magnitude 2–3, 2, and 1, respectively. Metal concentrations and activities fluctuated in the next 2 years as soil pH changed slightly and then after the use of elemental sulfur to acidify soil to pH ~6.5. Eight years after application of biosolids and through soil pH adjustment by lime and sulfur, Cu2+ and Zn2+ were very close to, and Ni2+ was a few times higher than, their corresponding baseline values. Maintaining a near neutral pH thus would be the key to keeping bioavailable metal concentrations low in a soil with an organic carbon content of 23.8 g/kg.

The Fate of Some Metal Species: Lead, Cadmium, Zinc in Surface Water, during Biological Sand Filtration – Effect of Preozonation

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 641-653
Author(s):  
F Erb ◽  
D Delabre ◽  
J C L'Hopitault ◽  
A Philippo ◽  
P Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Dissolved Metals

This study was performed to determine the elimination of the different chemical species of some toxic metals - zinc, lead, cadmium - during biological sand filtration on surface water containing humic material which is able to promote the complexation of metals. The effect of preozonation was examined. The metal speciation was realised by means of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. The survey of organic matters was carried out by measuring TOC, UV absorption and fluorescence. The biological treatment of raw water is quite effective for the removal of particu-late metals. The data bring out an important decrease for dissolved metals - about 50 to 60 % with cadmium and lead - especially noteworthy for the labile complexed metals. The preozonation of raw water provides the redissolution of particulate cadmium and zinc which are converted to free metals and seem then to be more eliminated by biological filtration. Ozonation appears to improve the efficiency of biological treatment which usually gives higher yields of purification than floculation (aluminium sulfate) in the same conditions.

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