Isotope studies on the comparative efficiency of nitrogenous sources

Soil Research ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Dev ◽  
DA Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Soil Total Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

In a growth chamber experiment with 15N-labelled potassium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea at 75 and 150 kg nitrogen/ha and ammonium nitrate at 150 kg nitrogen/ha, nitrogen application produced significant responses of dry matter yield and total nitrogen uptake by shoot and root of barley in chernozemic dark brown Elstow silt loam and deep black Hoey clay soil. Total nitrogen removal per pot and isotope-derived criteria, viz. percentage nitrogen derived from fertilizer, 'A' value and percentage fertilizer nitrogen utilization, indicated that potassium nitrate was the most efficient and urea the least. At 75 kg nitrogen/ha, the recovery of fertilizer nitrogen in shoot and root was 47, 42 and 34% in Elstow silt loam and 65, 54 and 50% in Hoey clay with potassium nitrate ammonium sulphate and urea respectively. At 150 ppm nitrogen, these values were 62, 46 and 45 % in Elstow silt loam and 75,51 and 53 % in Hoey clay and that of ammonium nitrogen from ammonium nitrate, 17 and 43 % in the two soils respectively. The percentage excess of 15N in soil total nitrogen after the harvest of barley showed that urea was tied up more in the soil, causing lower efficiency for crop recovery. The contribution of root portion for different parameters in such evaluation studies needed equal consideration. The availability of fertilizer nitrogen for crop utilization was more in Hoey clay than in Elstow silt loam. Immobilization and losses of fertilizer nitrogen were greater in Elstow silt loam.

Isotopic studies on the uptake of nitrogen by pasture grasses. I. Recovery of fertilizer nitrogen from the soil : plant system using rhodes grass in pots

Soil Research ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Martin ◽  
EF Henzell ◽  
PS Ross ◽  
KP Haydock
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Labelled Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Fertilizer

Results are reported of the first of a series of studies on the fate of nitrogen applied to soil under pasture. Two series of pretreatments (nil and 200 lb/ac N) were imposed on Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana Kunth, grown on a light-textured soil in pots in a glasshouse. Subsequently the grass was cut 3.3 cm above the soil surface and labelled ammonium nitrate (15NH4NO3) was added in amounts up to the equivalent of 800 lb/ac N. The fate of this added nitrogen was determined at the end of the experiment by analyzing the total contents of each pot for nitrogen and for 15N. The quantity of total nitrogen found in the pots (which included both labelled and unlabelled forms), and that of labelled nitrogen, were each linearly related to the amount of ammonium nitrate added. Regression analysis showed that 93.6% of added total nitrogen, and 94.0% of added labelled nitrogen, was recovered from the soil : plant system. These recoveries did not differ significantly from one another, indicating that the loss fell equally on labelled ammonium nitrogen and some unlabelled form of nitrogen; it is possible that this loss took place from the added ammonium nitrate fertilizer. There was no evidence to indicate the stage at which this loss occurred. Nitrogen pretreatment had a marked effect on the weight of stubble and roots in the pots when the ammonium nitrate was applied, but had no effect on nitrogen loss. Errors encountered during chemical and mass spectrometric analysis of the soil and plant material are discussed.

TECHNOLOGY OF MINERAL NUTRITION AND ILLUMINATION OF CROPS IN A SPACE VEGETABLE GREENHOUSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Berkovich ◽  
◽  
S.O. Smolianina ◽  
V.G. Smolianin ◽  
Ya.V. Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
White Leds ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

Dependence of Chinese cabbage productivity and nitrate content in eatable biomass on the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen ratio and red light fraction was studied in the context of space greenhouse Vitacycle-T design. Crops were illuminated by a lighting unit assembled of red and white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) producing the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 400–430 µmol/(m2•с) with the ratio of red and white LEDs inputs between 0 and 1.5. The ammonium-nitrate nitrogen ratio in nutrient solutions with stabilized total nitrogen varied from 0 to 1. Under all tested light spectra the favorable range of ammonium nitrogen makes up 15 to 45 mg/L with the maximum of 25 ± 2 mg/L and total nitrogen at 120 mg/L. Ammonium nitrogen increase above 53–55 mg/L leads to crop inhibition. Concentration of nitrates in eatable biomass did not exceed the permissible levels established for leave vegetables irrespectively of the ammonium-nitrate nitrogen ratio and decreased monotonously as ammonium nitrogen was rising above 10 mg/L. According to calculation, the Vitacycle-T root-feeding design (cartages of granular mineral-rich ionite BIONA-312 and slow-release fertilizer Osmocote 14-14-14) is capable to control total nitrogen and ammonium-nitrate nitrogen ratio within the favorable range.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment and Soil Nitrogen Balance of Different N Fertilizers for Top Dressing Rye as Energy Crop for Electricity Generation

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Carlos Martín Sastre ◽  
Ruth Barro ◽  
Yolanda González-Arechavala ◽  
Ana Santos-Montes ◽  
Pilar Ciria
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Sustainability Criteria ◽  
Ghg Savings

Nitrogen fertilizers have been identified in energy crops LCAs as the main contributors to global warming, as well as to many other environmental impacts. The distinct production process and application emissions of nitrogen fertilizer types for top dressing produce different GHG savings when energy crops value chains are compared to fossil energy alternatives. In this study, three types of fertilizers (calcium ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate) at N top dressing rates of 80 kg N/ha are used to grow rye for electricity generation under the conditions of the Continental Mediterranean climate of central-northern Spain. Complete LCAs for the whole value chain based on real data were performed in conjunction with soil nitrogen balances (SNBs) to assess the accomplishment of European Union (EU) GHG savings sustainability criteria, as well as the sustainability of fertilization practices for soil nitrogen stocks. The results obtained can provide interesting insights for policy making, since calcium ammonium nitrate, the most common fertilizer for rye crops, led to 66% GHG savings, as opposed to the 69% achieved when applying urea and 77% when ammonium sulphate was used. Nevertheless, the three fertilizers produced annual soil deficits greater than 50 kg N/ha. In order to ensure savings above 80%, as required by the EU sustainability criteria, and sustainable SNBs, additional optimization measures should be taken at key points of the value chain.

Field experiments comparing ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate as top-dressings for winter wheat and grassland

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Devine ◽  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments

Ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate wore compared as top-dressing applications in thirty-six field experiments on winter wheat and eighty-nine on grassland in various parts of Great Britain in 1956-62. The rates of application were 35-60 lb./acre of nitrogen for winter wheat and 30-100 lb./acre for grassland in one application only.

scholarly journals Nutrient nitrogen management for disease control in strawberry

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Walter ◽  
B. Braithwaite ◽  
B.J. Smith ◽  
G.I. Langford
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
N Application ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Important Disease

Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum acutatum are important strawberry pathogens Nitrogen (N) application can increase yield but also susceptibility to pathogens Strawberry plants (Camarosa and Ventana) were grown in sand fertilised with base nutrients plus ammonium nitrate ammonium sulphate or calcium nitrate at low (40 ppm N) and high (140 ppm N) concentration Controls consisted of base nutrients only and water only Flower production fruit yield and berry size all increased with increasing Nconcentration but Nsource itself was not important Disease susceptibility was affected by both Nconcentration and Nsource At high Nconcentration C acutatum fruit lesions were largest in ammonium sulphate treatments > ammonium nitrate > calcium nitrate; Botryits cinerea lesions were largest in ammonium nitrate > ammonium sulphate > calcium nitrate Similar trends were observed for leaf susceptibility to the two pathogens These data suggest that calcium nitrate may be a suitable source of nitrogen helping growers to reduce disease risk

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