The one-dimensional consolidation of columns of soil of finite length

Soil Research ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Smiles ◽  
HG Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Finite Length ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
The One

An analysis of the one-dimensional consolidation of a saturated column of soil of finite length is presented. This analysis, which is based on the theory of water movement in one-dimensional swelling systems, makes no assumptions of constancy with regard to variation of the flow parameters with variation in void ratio, and is not restricted in its application by the magnitude of the strains involved. An explanation of secondary consolidation is a consequence of the procedure.

Numerical assessment on the performance of variable area single- and two-stage ejectors: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110331
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
PMV Subbarao ◽  
Surendra K Yadav ◽  
Gaurav Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Change Theory ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Entrainment Ratio ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
The One

The two-stage ejector has been suggested to replace the single-stage ejector geometrical configuration better to utilize the discharge flow’s redundant momentum to induce secondary flow. In this study, the one-dimensional gas dynamic constant rate of momentum change theory has been utilized to model a two-stage ejector along with a single-stage ejector. The proposed theory has been utilized in the computation of geometry and flow parameters of both the ejectors. The commercial computational fluid dynamics tool ANSYS-Fluent 14.0 has been utilized to predict performance and visualize the flow. The performance in terms of entrainment ratio has been compared under on- design and off-design conditions. The result shows that the two-stage ejector configuration has improved (≈57%) entrainment capacity than the single-stage ejector under the on-design condition.

scholarly journals Post-liquefaction reconsolidation of sand

2016 ◽  
Vol 472 (2186) ◽  
pp. 20150745 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Adamidis ◽  
G. S. P. Madabhushi
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Pore Water Pressures ◽  
The One ◽  
Crucial Parameter ◽  
Excess Pore ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Made In

Loosely packed sand that is saturated with water can liquefy during an earthquake, potentially causing significant damage. Once the shaking is over, the excess pore water pressures that developed during the earthquake gradually dissipate, while the surface of the soil settles, in a process called post-liquefaction reconsolidation. When examining reconsolidation, the soil is typically divided in liquefied and solidified parts, which are modelled separately. The aim of this paper is to show that this fragmentation is not necessary. By assuming that the hydraulic conductivity and the one-dimensional stiffness of liquefied sand have real, positive values, the equation of consolidation can be numerically solved throughout a reconsolidating layer. Predictions made in this manner show good agreement with geotechnical centrifuge experiments. It is shown that the variation of one-dimensional stiffness with effective stress and void ratio is the most crucial parameter in accurately capturing reconsolidation.

A New Approach to The Design of Fan Volute Profiles

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
D T Qi ◽  
M J Pomfret ◽  
K Lam
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Distribution Form ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Centrifugal Fans ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
The One

In traditional volute design methods, the flow at the volute inlet is assumed to be uniform according to one-dimensional theory. However, many experimental results have shown that under the design operating conditions, the actual distributions of the flow parameters at the volute inlet are different from those predicted by the ideal assumption. This is because of the influence of the non-axisymmetrical volute geometry, especially due to the presence of the volute tongue. Based on this fact, a new method was considered whereby different volute profiles can be generated by varying the distributions of flow parameters at the volute inlet. The ultimate objective is to achieve the optimal volute profile design so that the performance of a centrifugal machine can be improved. In this paper, a two-dimensional inverse method has been used to redesign the original volute profiles of two centrifugal fans. The results show that the method presented provides effective improvement to the one-dimensional volute design method. The controlled distribution form of volute inlet flow angle α4 in the redesign is qualitatively discussed and can be used for reference in the volute design and further research.

scholarly journals Carbyne with finite length: The one-dimensional sp carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. e1500857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bitao Pan ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Jiling Li ◽  
Pu Liu ◽  
Chengxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Finite Length ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Alcohol Molecule ◽  
Laser Ablation In Liquid ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Triple Bonds ◽  
The One ◽  
Single Bonds

Carbyne is the one-dimensional allotrope of carbon composed of sp-hybridized carbon atoms. Definitive evidence for carbyne has remained elusive despite its synthesis and preparation in the laboratory. Given the remarkable technological breakthroughs offered by other allotropes of carbon, including diamond, graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, interest in carbyne and its unusual potential properties remains intense. We report the first synthesis of carbyne with finite length, which is clearly composed of alternating single bonds and triple bonds, using a novel process involving laser ablation in liquid. Spectroscopic analyses confirm that the product is the structure of sp hybridization with alternating carbon-carbon single bonds and triple bonds and capped by hydrogen. We observe purple-blue fluorescence emissions from the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of carbyne. Condensed-phase carbyne crystals have a hexagonal lattice and resemble the white crystalline powder produced by drying a carbyne solution. We also establish that the combination of gold and alcohol is crucial to carbyne formation because carbon-hydrogen bonds can be cleaved with the help of gold catalysts under the favorable thermodynamic environment provided by laser ablation in liquid and because the unique configuration of two carbon atoms in an alcohol molecule matches the elementary entity of carbyne. This laboratory synthesis of carbyne will enable the exploration of its properties and applications.

scholarly journals Mathematic Simulation of the Flood Wave Movement with the Use of Source Information of Various Detail

2014 ◽  
pp. 38-57
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Movement ◽  
Flood Wave ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Don River ◽  
The One ◽  
Tail Water

One-dimensional model of unsteady water movement has been adapted with the use of MIKE 11 software complex and detailed morphometric and hydrometric information for the Tvertsa River range in the Novotveretskaya hydro power station tail water. On the basis of generally available topographic data and hydrological posts’ information the one-dimensional model of the flood wave movement has been calibrated and tested for the 600km-long range of the Don River. Assessment of the models’ sensitivity to the composition and details of the source data on the bed and floodplain morphometric characteristics has been carried out.

K0 of sand measured by a plane-strain apparatus

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wanatowski ◽  
Jian Chu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Earth Pressure ◽  
Compression Behaviour ◽  
The One

Experimental results are presented in this note to study the coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest, K0, of sand measured using a plane-strain apparatus. The data are also compared with the K0 measured by triaxial K0 consolidation tests. The test data show that the K0 values measured for specimens prepared using the water sedimentation method vary little with the void ratio of the soil, and therefore do not agree with the K0 values calculated using Jaky’s equation, which uses the peak friction angles obtained from either plane-strain or triaxial tests. The K0 values measured for specimens prepared using the moist tamping method follow a linear relationship with the void ratio. However, this relationship does not agree with Jaky’s equation either. The K0 values obtained from tests on the specimens prepared using the two different preparation methods are different, which may reflect the influence of soil fabrics or structures on the one-dimensional compression behaviour of soil.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Zoran Ivić ◽  
Željko Pržulj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Interchain Coupling ◽  
Large Polaron ◽  
The One

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals We study the large polaron whose motion is confined to a single chain in a system composed of the collection of parallel molecular chains embedded in threedimensional lattice. It is found that the interchain coupling has a significant impact on the large polaron characteristics. In particular, its radius is quite larger while its effective mass is considerably lighter than that estimated within the one-dimensional models. We believe that our findings should be taken into account for the proper understanding of the possible role of large polarons in the charge and energy transfer in quasi-one-dimensional substances.

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