Impact of long-term conservation agriculture induced changes in soil properties on persistence of pendimethalin under different cropping systems

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawna Babal ◽  
Ved K. Phogat ◽  
Manoj K. Sharma ◽  
Sushil Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

Corrigendum to: Conservation agriculture effects on soil properties and crop productivity in a semiarid region of India

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Somasundaram ◽  
M. Salikram ◽  
N. K. Sinha ◽  
M. Mohanty ◽  
R. S. Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Residue Retention

Conservation agriculture (CA) including reduced or no-tillage and crop residue retention, is known to be a self–sustainable system as well as an alternative to residue burning. The present study evaluated the effect of reduced tillage coupled with residue retention under different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields in a Vertisol of a semiarid region of central India. Two tillage systems – conventional tillage (CT) with residue removed, and reduced tillage (RT) with residue retained – and six major cropping systems of this region were examined after 3 years of experimentation. Results demonstrated that soil moisture content, mean weight diameter, percent water stable aggregates (>0.25mm) for the 0–15cm soil layer were significantly (Pmoderately labile>less labile. At the 0–15cm depth, the contributions of moderately labile, less labile and non-labile C fractions to total organic C were 39.3%, 10.3% and 50.4% respectively in RT and corresponding values for CT were 38.9%, 11.7% and 49.4%. Significant differences in different C fractions were observed between RT and CT. Soil microbial biomass C concentration was significantly higher in RT than CT at 0–15cm depth. The maize–chickpea cropping system had significantly (P–1 followed by soybean+pigeon pea (2:1) intercropping (3.50 t ha–1) and soybean–wheat cropping systems (2.97 t ha–1). Thus, CA practices could be sustainable management practices for improving soil health and crop yields of rainfed Vertisols in these semiarid regions.

Assessing changes in soil properties in the eastern part of the Nile delta over a long-term period

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
El Sayed said Mohamed Mohamed ◽  
A. V. Shuravilin ◽  
M. U. Lyashko ◽  
Abdel-Nasser Rashash
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

Changes in soil properties under high- and low-input cropping systems in Lithuania

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bu˘ienė ◽  
A. ˘lepetienė ◽  
D. ˘imanskaitė ◽  
A. Svirskienė ◽  
B. Butkutė
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

scholarly journals Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant germplasm: Reaping the benefits of climate-smart agriculture technologies in central Mozambique

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Thierfelder ◽  
Leonard Rusinamhodzi ◽  
Peter Setimela ◽  
Forbes Walker ◽  
Neal S. Eash
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Tillage Treatment ◽  
Smart Agriculture

AbstractConservation agriculture (CA) based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention and crop rotations is considered as a soil and crop management system that could potentially increase soil quality and mitigate the negative effects of climate variability. When CA is combined with drought-tolerant (DT) maize varieties, farmers can reap the benefits of both—genetic improvement and sustainable land management. New initiatives were started in 2007 in Mozambique to test the two climate-smart agriculture technologies on farmers' fields. Long-term trends showed that direct seeded manual CA treatments outyielded conventional tillage treatments in up to 89% of cases on maize and in 90% of cases on legume in direct yield comparisons. Improved DT maize varieties outyielded the traditional control variety by 26–46% (695–1422 kg ha−1) on different tillage treatment, across sites and season. However a direct interaction between tillage treatment and variety performance could not be established. Maize and legume grain yields on CA plots in this long-term dataset did not increase with increased years of practice due to on-site variability between farmer replicates. It was evident from the farmers' choice that, beside taste and good milling quality, farmers in drought-prone environments considered the potential of a variety to mature faster more important than larger potential yields of long season varieties. Population growth, labor shortage to clear new land areas and limited land resources in future will force farmers to change toward more permanent and sustainable cropping systems and CA is a viable option to improve their food security and livelihoods.

Soil responses to topsoil replacement depth and organic amendments in wellsite reclamation

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Larney ◽  
Olalekan O. Akinremi ◽  
Reynald L. Lemke ◽  
Vasile E. Klaassen ◽  
H. Henry Janzen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Soil Responses ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

Changes in soil properties reflect the success or failure of reclamation practices on abandoned wellsites. We examined the effect on soil properties of four (0, 50, 100 and 150%) topsoil replacement depths (TRD) and five amendment treatments [compost, manure, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay, check] aimed at reclaiming three wellsites (Strathmore, Hesketh and Rosedale) in southcentral Alberta. TRD treatment differences were consistent across all wellsites, with 30 to 32% higher soil organic carbon (SOC) on the 150% TRD compared to the 0% TRD. Initially, the alfalfa treatment showed higher levels of nitrate-nitrogen (e.g., 26 mg kg-1 vs. 3 to 7 mg kg-1 for the other amendment treatments in the 15- to 30-cm depth at Strathmore in fall 1998), which was related to its rapid breakdown and mineralization of organic N. After 40 mo (June 1997-October 2000), the average amounts (n = 3 wellsites) of added C conserved near the soil surface were: compost (65 ±10% SE) > manure (45 ±16% SE) > alfalfa (28 ±11% SE) > straw (23 ± 6% SE). Our results show that organic amendments play an important role in improving soil properties related to long-term productivity of reclaimed wellsites, especially where topsoil is scarce or absent. Key words: Wellsite reclamation, topsoil depth, organic amendments, soil quality

Changes in soil properties of a newly-cleared Ultisol due to establishment of hedgerow species in alley cropping systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Hulugalle ◽  
J. N. Ndi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Hedgerow Species ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

SUMMARYThis study was initiated to evaluate the short-term (< 3 years) ability of some selected acid-soil adapted hedgerow species when planted in alley cropping systems to improve soil properties in a newly-cleared Ultisol (Typic Kandiudult) of southern Cameroon, 1990–92. The hedgerow species selected were Senna (Senna spectabilis), Flemingia (Flemingia congesta)and Acioa (Acioa barterii). A non-alley-cropped control was also included in the trial. The greatest quantities of prunings, and hence, mulch were produced by Senna and Flemingia. Exchangeable Ca, effective CEC and water infiltration were greatly increased in the alleys of plots where either Flemingia or Senna had been planted within 2·5 years of hedgerow establishment. The large amounts of mulch produced by Senna and Flemingia did, however, result in soil temperatures greater than those of the control or Acioa plotsc.1 year after application of the prunings as mulch. Root growth of Senna in the subsoil was significantly greater than that of either Acioa of Flemingia, but that of cassava was reduced by alley cropping with all three hedgerow species. Compared to the control or alley cropping with Acioa, maize and cassava yields were greater when alley cropped with either Flemingia or Senna hedgerows.

scholarly journals Organic and conservation agriculture promote ecosystem multifunctionality

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. eabg6995
Author(s):  
Raphaël A. Wittwer ◽  
S. Franz Bender ◽  
Kyle Hartman ◽  
Sofia Hydbom ◽  
Ruy A. A. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Ecosystem Multifunctionality

Ecosystems provide multiple services to humans. However, agricultural systems are usually evaluated on their productivity and economic performance, and a systematic and quantitative assessment of the multifunctionality of agroecosystems including environmental services is missing. Using a long-term farming system experiment, we evaluated and compared the agronomic, economic, and ecological performance of the most widespread arable cropping systems in Europe: organic, conservation, and conventional agriculture. We analyzed 43 agroecosystem properties and determined overall agroecosystem multifunctionality. We show that organic and conservation agriculture promoted ecosystem multifunctionality, especially by enhancing regulating and supporting services, including biodiversity preservation, soil and water quality, and climate mitigation. In contrast, conventional cropping showed reduced multifunctionality but delivered highest yield. Organic production resulted in higher economic performance, thanks to higher product prices and additional support payments. Our results demonstrate that different cropping systems provide opposing services, enforcing the productivity–environmental protection dilemma for agroecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of a long-term conservation agriculture experiment in Malawi and lessons for future experimental design

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Lark ◽  
I. S. Ligowe ◽  
C. Thierfelder ◽  
N. Magwero ◽  
W. Namaona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cropping Season

AbstractResilient cropping systems are required to achieve food security in the presence of climate change, and so several long-term conservation agriculture (CA) trials have been established in southern Africa – one of them at the Chitedze Agriculture Research Station in Malawi in 2007. The present study focused on a longitudinal analysis of 10 years of data from the trial to better understand the joint effects of variations between the seasons and particular contrasts among treatments on yield of maize. Of further interest was the variability of treatment responses in time and space and the implications for design of future trials with adequate statistical power. The analysis shows treatment differences of the mean effect which vary according to cropping season. There was a strong treatment effect between rotational treatments and other treatments and a weak effect between intercropping and monocropping. There was no evidence for an overall advantage of systems where residues are retained (in combination with direct seeding or planting basins) over conventional management with respect to maize yield. A season effect was evident although the strong benefit of rotation in El Niño season was also reduced, highlighting the strong interaction between treatment and climatic conditions. The power analysis shows that treatment effects of practically significant magnitude may be unlikely to be detected with just four replicates, as at Chitedze, under either a simple randomised control trial or a factorial experiment. Given logistical and financial constraints, it is important to design trials with fewer treatments but more replicates to gain enough statistical power and to pay attention to the selection of treatments to given an informative outcome.

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