Different forms and rates of nitrogen addition show variable effects on the soil hydrolytic enzyme activities in a meadow steppe

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Chengliang Wang ◽  
Baoku Shi ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Qingcheng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Organic C

The effects of mixed inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) addition on soil enzyme activities and the underlying mechanism remain unclear, especially in complex field conditions. We conducted a mesocosm experiment with two rates of N addition (10 and 20 g N m–2 year–1) and four ratios of N addition (inorganic N:organic N = 10:0, 7:3, 3:7 and 1:9) and measured enzyme activities, soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass and vegetation indicators. Generally, soil enzyme activities involved in carbon (C), N and phosphorus cycling increased with the increase of N addition rate. Compared to the single inorganic N addition treatment, enzyme activities were highest under mixed N addition treatments, especially medium organic N addition. The variations in soil enzyme activities across different treatments were tightly linked to the soil microbial biomass C, dissolved organic C and soil pH. These findings provide a good understanding of the response trends of soil hydrolytic enzyme activities in a meadow steppe to changes in N deposition rate and form.

Effects of long-term prescribed burning on the activity of select soil enzymes in an oak–hickory forest

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1799-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Eivazi ◽  
M.R. Bayan
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Relationship

In low-input or unmanaged ecosystems, the relationship between soil enzyme activity and plant biomass is expected and may be used as an early and sensitive indicator of soil productivity. This study was designed to (1) examine the long-term effects of burning on the activities of arylsulfatase, acid phosphatase, α- and β-glucosidase, and urease; (2) determine the relationship between microbial biomass C and enzyme activities as affected by long-term prescribed burning; and (3) study the seasonal variations in activities of the above-mentioned enzymes. Soil samples (Typic Fragiudalf) were collected from southeastern Missouri where a long-term burning experiment was established in 1949. Treatments consisted of (1) annual burning; (2) periodic burning, every 4 years; and (3) control, unburned. Soil samples (0–15 cm) were collected before and after annual and periodic burning during 1992 and seasonally in 1993. Long-term burning treatments significantly reduced the activities of enzymes studied but did not affect the pH and organic C. The microbial biomass C, total N, available P, and available S content of soil samples from both annual and periodic burning plots were significantly reduced. A significant positive correlation between soil enzyme activities and the microbial biomass was established. The treatment effects were apparent over the background seasonal variability, with reduced enzyme activity for the annual and periodic burning plots as compared with the unburned plots.

Effects of amendment of different biochars on soil enzyme activities related to carbon mineralisation

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ouyang ◽  
Qian Tang ◽  
Liuqian Yu ◽  
Renduo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Dissolved Organic C ◽  
C Mineralisation

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different biochars on soil enzyme activities associated with soil carbon (C) mineralisation. Biochars were produced from two types of feedstock (fresh dairy manure and pine tree woodchip) at temperatures of 300°C, 500°C, and 700°C. Each biochar was mixed at a ratio of 5% (w/w) with a forest loamy soil and the mixture was incubated at 25°C for 180 days. Soil mineralisation rates, soil dissolved organic C, soil microbial biomass C, and five soil enzyme activities were measured during different incubation periods. Results showed that biochar addition increased soil enzyme activities at the early stage (mainly within the first 80 days) because biochar brought available nutrients to the soil and increased soil dissolved organic C and microbial activity. Soil enzyme activities were enhanced more by the dairy manure biochars than by the woodchip biochars (P < 0.05). The enhancement effect on enzyme activities (except catalase activity) was greater in the treatments with biochars produced at lower pyrolysis temperature (300°C). Linear relationships between some soil enzymes and C-mineralisation rates might indicate that the increased enzyme activities stimulated soil C mineralisation at the early stage. However, the biochar additions could result in great C sequestration in the long term, especially for the woodchip biochars pyrolysed at higher temperatures.

Response of carbon utilization and enzymatic activities to nitrogen deposition in three forests of subtropical China

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Sheng Wang ◽  
Shu-Lan Cheng ◽  
Gui-Rui Yu ◽  
Hua-Jun Fang ◽  
Jiang-Ming Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial

Nitrogen (N) deposition has been shown to affect soil carbon (C) and N cycling in subtropical forests; however, the underlying microbial mechanisms are poorly understood. We used patterns of community-level physiological profiles and enzyme activities to assess the relative effects of the addition of four N levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg·ha−1·year−1) on the soil microbial community in three forest stands (pine, mixed, and broadleaf forests) in southern China, where the forests have been experimentally manipulated for over 8 years. In pine forests, N50 addition significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) concentration but decreased soil pH levels. N100 addition significantly increased soil peroxidase activity but decreased soil β-1,4-glucosidase activity. In broadleaf forests, N addition increased soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and polyphenol oxidase activity but decreased soil MBC concentration and soil pH levels. N addition also significantly increased soil microbial metabolism activity (expressed as average well color development) in pine forest and broadleaf forest soils. However, the mixed forests responded slowly to N additions and exhibited no significant response of C-utilization profiles and soil enzyme activities. Principal component analysis of C-utilization data separated microbial communities with respect to N addition and forest successional stage. In addition, microbial C utilization was driven by soil pH levels. Although enzyme activities were correlated with soil MBC and microbial biomass nitrogen concentrations, stepwise regression results indicated that soil total carbon contents that were integrated with soil pH levels were key integrators of soil enzyme activities. Our results suggest that soil acidification due to N addition increased soil bacterial C utilization and enzyme activities.

Soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass response to crop types on the terraces of the Loess Plateau, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1971-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xiao ◽  
Yimei Huang ◽  
Quanchao Zeng ◽  
Junfeng Zhao ◽  
Junying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Crop Types
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