scholarly journals Landscape scale survey of indicators of soil health in grazing systems

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Damsma ◽  
M. T. Rose ◽  
T. R. Cavagnaro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Grazing Systems

In a broad-scale survey across pasture-based grazing systems in south-eastern Victoria, soil biological and chemical properties were measured in an effort to establish baseline levels for commonly used indicators of soil health. Although soil properties were highly variable among sites and biological properties were difficult to predict, total soil C was found to be closely associated with soil cation exchange capacity (CEC). Importantly, the strength and nature of relationships between soil properties differed among soil textural classes. We also measured a range of soil and vegetation properties in a small number of patches of remnant vegetation and their adjacent grazed pastures. This was done in an effort to assess the sensitivity of these measures when used on samples collected from strongly contrasting land-use types. Although some factors, such as mycorrhizal colonisation of roots and soil C, did differ between the two land-use types, other factors measured in this study did not. Together, the findings of this survey provide baseline information on the landscape scale for commonly used indicators of soil health. The study explores relationships between these soil properties and assesses how they differ between two strongly contrasting land-use types. The results are discussed in the context of monitoring soil and vegetation attributes relevant to soil health.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Variation under Different Land Use Types in Haramosh Valley, Gilgit, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Farida Begum ◽  
Muneer Alam ◽  
Sameena Mumtaz ◽  
Manzoor Ali ◽  
Seema Wafee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Land Use Types

Soil quality is a fundamental component of environmental quality and impact of land use is also a keydetrimental factor in today’s rapid urbanization era. The study aims to evaluate the effects of different land-use type on selected soil quality indicators. Sixty soil samples were collected from various land use types, i.e, pasture, forest and agriculture from a depth of 0-15cm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the land use type significantly affected the soil’s physical and chemical properties. The moisture content was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the pasture (41.7%) than the forest (26.2%) and lowest in agricultural land (14.4%). The soil pH was significantly higher or slightly alkaline for agriculture (7.8), while for pasture (6.5) and forest (6.1), it was found to be slightly acidic. Electric conductivity (EC) and bulk density (BD) did not vary significantly with land use type, but the EC followed the decreasing order: forest (203.7μS/cm) < pasture (235μS/cm) < agriculture (328.7μS/cm). The soil organic matter (SOM) and soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly (p<0.05) differed with land use type and found in the order: forest (3.0%, 1.3 %) > pasture land (2.9%, 1.2%) > arable land (2.5%, 1.1%). NO3-N, available P and exchangeable K did not vary significantly across land use types. However, mean values were higher for agriculture (10.2mg/kg, 4.5mg/kg, 66mg/kg) than forest (10mg/kg,3.5mg/kg, 60mg/kg) and pasture (9.8mg/kg, 4.3, 60.2mg/kg). Alpine soils are good ecological indicators because of vulnerability to environmental change, therefore, regular monitoring of soil properties along with carbon stocks is essential to maintain soil health, enhance agricultural productivity and sustain agroecosystems.

scholarly journals The Effects of Land use Change on the Some Soil Properties in Gbonyin Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
ADEBAYO, W. O. ◽  
OLOFIN, E. O.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Residential Land Use ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

The aim of this research is to examine the response of some soil properties to the changes in land cover/land use in Gbonyin Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Land use changes as a result of human activities have been identified as one of the greatest pressures to soil and forest resources. The change from natural vegetation land use to built-up and agricultural land uses is becoming rampant in Gbonyin Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of land use change on the some soil properties. Two major land use types which include forest lands and residential lands uses were explored. Soil samples were collected at the depth of 0 on 30cm through the use of soil auger from ten different locations in each of the two land use types in the study area making twenty soil samples. The use of t-test statistical tool was implored on the laboratory results in order to test for the differences between the soil in forest and residential land use types. Results revealed that the soil physico-chemical properties differed significantly between the sites. Chemical properties of the soil were found to be generally low in residential land use while they were high in vegetation land use. Bulk density was high in residential land use while it was low in forest land use.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability of Soil Properties under Different Land Use in the Dang District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Panday ◽  
Roshan Babu Ojha ◽  
Devraj Chalise ◽  
Saurav Das ◽  
Bikesh Twanabasu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Land Use Types

A study was carried out in the eastern part of Dang district in Nepal to assess the variability of selected soil properties due to different land use and map their spatial distribution. Considering three land use types (agriculture, agroforestry, and grassland), a total of 120 samples were collected from surface soil (0 to 15 cm depth) in May 2015 and analyzed for soil fertility parameters: pH, organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), boron (B), and zinc (Zn). Results revealed that the average value of soil pH significantly (P&lt;0.05) varied from 7.05 in agroforestry to 7.53 in agriculture land use. Soil OM and N contents were medium in range in all land use with slight variation, the highest average OM and N found in grassland (2.87% and 0.14% respectively), followed by agriculture (2.64% and 0.13% respectively), and agroforestry (2.45% and 0.12% respectively). Further, the results showed significant variation for P among agroforestry (18.99 kg ha-1) and grassland (8.49 kg ha-1) while the K content was the highest for grassland (144 mg kg-1) and lowest for agriculture (120 mg kg-1). Micronutrients- B was low (0.28 to 0.35 mg kg-1) and Zn was very low (0.14 mg kg-1) in all land use. There is a need to add appropriate fertilizer N, P, B, and Zn to the soil in order to increase the fertility status under different land use. Spatial variability maps for soil chemical properties can be used by farmers and local planners to make effective soil management strategies.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Land Use Types Managed By Smallholder Farmers on Soil Properties in Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getahun Haile ◽  
Mulugeta Lemenih ◽  
Fisseha Itanna ◽  
Beyene Teklu ◽  
Getachew Agegnehu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Background Aim: Land use change causes a remarkable change in soil properties. The nature of change depends on multiple factors such as soil type, type and intensity of land use, climate, and the like. This study investigated the variation in soil physicochemical properties across five common land use practices i.e., enset system, farmland, and grazing-land (closed and open), and Eucalyptus woodlots practiced on originally same soil type and comparable topographic and climatic settings.Methods: A total of 105 disturbed and undisturbed soil samples [5 treatments (land use types) *7 replications (household)* 3 soil depth layers: 0–15cm, 15–30 cm, 30–45cm] were collected for selected soil chemical and physical analyses. Standard soil analytical procedures were followed in carrying out soil analysis. To meet the assumptions of normal distribution and homogeneity of variances, soil data on available phosphors were log-transformed before statistical analysis was undertaken and reported after back transformation. Two way analysis of variable were used to investigate the effects of land use and soil depth and their interaction on soil properties and when the analysis showed a significant difference (p <0.05) among land use and soil depth men separation were made using Turkey’s pairwise comparisons.Results: There were significant differences in physical and chemical properties of soil across land use and soil depth categories. Enset system had significantly higher pH, available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K+), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN) and their stocks than other land use types. Enset fields had higher SOC (78.4%) and soil TN (75%), and SOC and TN stocks of (66%) and (58%), respectively than cereal farmland. This study had also revealed a less expected finding of higher soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under Eucalyptus wood than farm land. Soil carbon and total nitrogen stocks showed a decreasing trend of enset system> closed grazing-land > eucalyptus woodlot > open grazing-land > farmland 0-45cm.Conclusion: Overall, some land use systems (e. g. enset agroforestry) improve the soil biophysical and chemical properties, while others such as cereal production degrade the soil. Hence appropriate land and soil management intervention should be promptly adapted to mitigating the continuous loss of nutrient from the dominantly practiced cereal farm land through maintaining crop residues, manure, crop rotation and scaling up agro-forestry system.

scholarly journals Livestock Manure and the Impacts on Soil Health: A Review

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Natasha Rayne ◽  
Lawrence Aula
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Livestock Manure

Soil health is the capacity of the soil to provide an environment for optimum growth and development of plants, while also ensuring the health of animals and humans. Animal manure has been used for centuries as a source of nutrients in agriculture. However, many other soil properties that contribute to soil health are affected when manure is applied. Bulk density, aggregate stability, infiltration, water holding capacity, soil fertility, and biological properties are impacted to various degrees with manure application. The goal of this paper was to compile the research findings on the effects of various livestock manure types on soil fertility, soil physical properties, soil biology and the yield of various cereal crops. Specifically, this paper summarizes results for poultry, cattle, and swine manure used in various cropping systems. Although there are conflicting results in the literature with regards to the effect of manure on various soil properties, the literature offers convincing evidence of beneficial impacts of manure on soil and the growth of crops. The degree to which manure affects soil depends on the physical and chemical properties of the manure itself and various management and environmental factors including rate and timing of application, soil type, and climate.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Variation under Different Land Use Types in Haramosh Valley, Gilgit, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Farida Begum ◽  
Muneer Alam ◽  
Sameena Mumtaz ◽  
Manzoor Ali ◽  
Seema Wafee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Land Use Types

Soil quality is a fundamental component of environmental quality and impact of land use is also a keydetrimental factor in today’s rapid urbanization era. The study aims to evaluate the effects of different land-use type on selected soil quality indicators. Sixty soil samples were collected from various land use types, i.e, pasture, forest and agriculture from a depth of 0-15cm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the land use type significantly affected the soil’s physical and chemical properties. The moisture content was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the pasture (41.7%) than the forest (26.2%) and lowest in agricultural land (14.4%). The soil pH was significantly higher or slightly alkaline for agriculture (7.8), while for pasture (6.5) and forest (6.1), it was found to be slightly acidic. Electric conductivity (EC) and bulk density (BD) did not vary significantly with land use type, but the EC followed the decreasing order: forest (203.7μS/cm) < pasture (235μS/cm) < agriculture (328.7μS/cm). The soil organic matter (SOM) and soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly (p<0.05) differed with land use type and found in the order: forest (3.0%, 1.3 %) > pasture land (2.9%, 1.2%) > arable land (2.5%, 1.1%). NO3-N, available P and exchangeable K did not vary significantly across land use types. However, mean values were higher for agriculture (10.2mg/kg, 4.5mg/kg, 66mg/kg) than forest (10mg/kg,3.5mg/kg, 60mg/kg) and pasture (9.8mg/kg, 4.3, 60.2mg/kg). Alpine soils are good ecological indicators because of vulnerability to environmental change, therefore, regular monitoring of soil properties along with carbon stocks is essential to maintain soil health, enhance agricultural productivity and sustain agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Copper in Soil and its Dependence on Physical and Chemical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Vlček ◽  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil samples (n = 11) were collected in the chernozem areas of the Czech Republic (the Central Europe) from the topsoil and used as representative samples. All sampling areas have been used for agricultural purposes (arable soil) and they were selected as typical representatives of agricultural soil. These samples represented the soil with same genesis (to reduction differencies between soil types) but with different soil properties (physical and chemical). Complete chemical and physical analyses were made for confirmation of copper adsorption on solid phase: we analysed the particle size distribution, content of oxidizable carbon (Cox), the cation exchange capacity (CEC), supply of exchange calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium, soil reaction and the total supply of Fe, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, P and N. The strongest simple correlation between analysed soil properties and copper concentration had content of available magnesium (r = 0.44) and available phosphorus (r = −0.51). In the case of multiple correlations (i. e. collective influence of multiple soil properties) had the strongest influence combination of clay, soil reaction, total content of phosphorus, available magnesium and available phosphorus. The main influence of phosphorus and magnesium is evident. We suppose that copper and phosphorus enter into specific complex. Influence of these five soil properties can explain 92.7 % (r = 0.927) changes in the content of copper changes in the experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of three different agronomic conditions on biochemical profile and diversity in the rhizosphere of banana plantations infected with Fusarium oxysporum Race 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Sánchez-Zúñiga ◽  
◽  
Ana Tapia-Fernández ◽  
William Eduardo Rivera-Méndez ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Agronomic Conditions

Soil microorganisms play an important role as a link in the transfer of nutrients from the rhizosphere. The physical and chemical properties of soil, the metabolic profiles of microbial communities and different crop management practices can enhance our understanding of hizospheric interactions. This study aimed to establish differences in microbial communities associated with banana crops and the biochemical profile in farms under different agronomic conditions. Seven farms with different levels of intervention, management, and fusariosis severity were analyzed. The biochemical profile of the microbial community was determined using EcoPlates and the main substrates consumed by the microbial communities were identified through multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). Seven microorganisms were selected as indicators of nutrient cycles, pathogenicity and soil health. Also, soil chemical indicators were determined through a complete mineral analysis. For the physiological profile of soil microbial populations, it was observed that farms with the same management tend to be metabolically very similar. In the PCA, two principal components explained 90 % of the variance in the data. It was also determined that the genus Bacillus is predominant in all farms and that farm 4 (medium intervention) presented the most favorable values in all factors analyzed. The effective cation exchange capacity values are highlighted in the chemical analyses, which determined that all farms have a high fertility level. The metabolic profile, diversity and richness of each of the different farms were affected by the type of agronomic management used.

scholarly journals Rethinking Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Based Land Use Systems in Smallholder Farmers Livelihoods: A Case of Kolobo Watershed, West Shewa, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadi Feyisa ◽  
Endalkachew Kissi ◽  
Zerihun Kebebew
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Central Highland ◽  
Land Use System ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractDespite their restriction, smallholder farmers have been continuing growing Eucalyptus globulus in the cultivated land in the central highland of Ethiopia. Literature has shown controversial issues against E. globulus. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate the compatibility of E. globulus in the smallholder farmers’ land use system. Soil samples were collected from five different land uses and analysed for selected physical and chemical properties. The socioeconomic contribution of E. globulus was collected through household surveys from 110 households. Analysis of soil showed that organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were significantly higher (P<0.05) under E. globulus compared to the cultivated land. The survey results also showed that the largest proportion (58%) of households was interested in growing E. globulus because of its multiple uses. About 83% of households responded that E. globulus help them to attain food security through increasing the purchasing power of smallholder farmers to buy agricultural inputs and food. This study has substantiated the role of E. globulus in the land use system of smallholder farmers. Most of the soil fertility indicators were better under E. globulus. The present finding reveals that E. globulus degrade the soil seemingly difficult to generalise. Growing E. globulus must be promoted under appealing land use to enhance smallholder farmers’ livelihoods. Removing E. globulus from the land use system may jeopardise the food security situation of many households.

scholarly journals PASSAGE OF WHEAT FIRE IMPACT ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND ENVIRONMENT IN KURDISTAN REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Tariq & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The study was conducted to examine the effect of surface burn severity (Moderate, Severe and Unburned) of wheat straw on soil properties. The results showed statistical differences in some soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Bulk density and field capacity increased statistically by the severity of fire; however, porosity and infiltration rate were statistically lower in sever burned plot when compared to unburned plot. The chemical properties, soil organic matter (SOM), P, Ca, S, Cl, K, Mo, Fe and As were not affected by the fire. The pH value was increased slightly by increasing the fire severity, while, EC was decreased when compared with the unburned plot. It was found a statistical reduction in the number of bacterial and fungal cells per gram soil in the burned plots. A moderate and severe fire reduced seed germination percentage significantly. This finding suggests that fire severity may destruct the biological, physical and some of the chemical properties of the soil, and this may impact negatively on plant growth in the next growing season.

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