Sexual behaviour of inmates with Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the prisons of Catalonia, Spain

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin L. Corbeto ◽  
Dolors Carnicer-Pont ◽  
Rossie Lugo ◽  
Victoria Gonzalez ◽  
Elisabet Bascuñana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and high risk factors for acquisition in preventive prisoners in Catalonia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 478 prisoners aged between 18 and 35 years was analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect behavioural data. Significant differences were analysed in the descriptive study using Pearson’s χ2. The association between CT and its determinants was analysed using the Mantel–Haenszel test and a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The overall prevalence of CT was 5.4%. The independent risk factors for infection by CT were as follows: foreign origin, having had concurrent sexual partners, and alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This is the first study performed in prisons of Catalonia that shows the prevalence of CT in young prisoners. The high mobility of young detainees could explain the similarity in prevalence obtained about young people in Catalonia. Systematic monitoring of CT infection in young preventive prisoners is important in order to prevent further problems in themselves and in the general population, since they become a ‘bridge population’ in sexually transmissible infection spreading.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in Shenzhen, China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Xia Chang ◽  
Kang-Kang Chen ◽  
Xiao-Ting Liu ◽  
Hao-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Meng-Man Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and proportion of laboratory-confirmed urethral Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections that were asymptomatic among individuals presenting to different clinics in Shenzhen and the risk factors related to STI infections in this population.Methods In a cross-sectional study, 8,309 eligible individuals were invited to participate in a questionnaire interview, and urine specimens were collected for identification of CT and NG infections. Corresponding outcomes were analyzed by Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.Results Among 7070 participants who completed the questionnaire and provided the urine specimen, 2871 were asymptomatic and included in our analyses: 1120 (39.0%) males and 1751 (61.0%) females. The prevalence of NG and CT was 0.9% and 6.2% among males reporting no symptoms, and 0.4% and 7.9% among females reporting no symptoms, respectively. The proportion of asymptomatic urethral CT among males with urethral CT was 28.3%; for females, it was 34.2%. For asymptomatic males with urethral NG/CT, 3 independent risk factors were identified: (1) males under the age of 30 (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.07-2.84); (2) being employed in the commercial service work (2.69; 1.33-5.45); and (3) being recruited through the urological department (2.18; 1.24-3.83). For asymptomatic females with urethral NG/CT, 2 independent risk factors were identified: (1) females under the age of 30 (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.25-2.58); and (2) being recruited through the dermatological department (2.83; 1.46-5.46).Conclusion A substantial prevalence of asymptomatic CT infections was found among males and females presenting to clinics in Shenzhen. The significant correlation between asymptomatic CT infection and these risk factors could help identify high-risk populations and guide screening.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Related Risk Factors Among Women Attending Gynecology Clinic of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, East of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Gahanbarzade ◽  
Elham Ramazani ◽  
Masoud Yousefi ◽  
Mahmoud Zardast ◽  
Majid Zare-Bidaki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lithotomy Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
East Of Iran ◽  
The University

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the world. However, there is no detailed information on its incidence, especially in developing countries where routine laboratory diagnosis is unavailable. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of endocervical C. trachomatis infection and related risk factors among women attending the University Gynecology Clinic of Birjand, East of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 195 women attending the University Gynecology Clinic in South Khorasan, Birjand. Endocervical sampling was performed in a lithotomy position using a sterile brush. Identification of C. trachomatis was performed by real-time PCR method using GeneProof C. trachomatis PCR kit. Data on socio-demography and potential risk factors for genital infection were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21). Results: In the study, the prevalence rate of C. trachomatis among women was reported 4.1% (8/195 subjects). Statistical analysis showed that the rate of C. trachomatis infection in women was only statistically related to the history of vaginal infection (P = 0.001). Although there was no statistically significant association between chlamydial infection and age, the highest infection rate was in women less than 30 years old. Conclusions: Given the relatively significant incidence of C. trachomatis infection among women, our findings highlight the importance of routine screening and early diagnosis of C. trachomatis to control the infection.

Activities and risk factors associated with fall-related injuries among US Army soldiers

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001564
Author(s):  
Raina D Brooks ◽  
T Grier ◽  
B H Jones ◽  
M C Chervak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Army Soldiers

IntroductionFalls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Overweight among Adolescents in Serbia/ Dejavniki Tveganja, Povezani S Prekomerno Telesno Težo Pri Mladostnikih V Srbiji

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Boričić ◽  
Snežana Simić ◽  
Nađa Vasiljević ◽  
Jelena Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

AbstractIntroduction. The pandemic of obesity in adolescents is one of the challenges of public health.Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the association of overweight with demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors among Serbian adolescents.Method. A cross-sectional study of 2139 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years was carried out. Data used in this study were from the 2006 Health Survey. In accordance with the international sex- and age-specific Body Mass Index cut-off points, all participants were classified as being normal weight or overweight, including obese. The association between the risk factors and overweight were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model.Results. The study showed that 28.9% of boys and 17.0% of girls were overweight, while 14.5% of boys and 8.1% of girls were obese. Boys were more likely to be overweight/obese, compared with girls. Being younger (p< 0.01 for 14 to 15 years) and (p< 0.01, for 16 to 19 years), engaging in physical activities that last less than 7 hours a week, in such a manner that they breathe quickly and become sweaty, (p< 0.01) and skipping breakfast (p< 0.05) were risk factors significantly associated with overweight among adolescents. No significant association was found with wealth index.Conclusion. These findings should be an integral part of further preventive interventions, especially oriented towards younger adolescents, who are physically inactive, have a habit of skipping breakfast and are boys.

Low serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and body mass are risk factors for frailty in elderly people with diabetes: possible mechanistic role of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate – a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Yanase ◽  
Ikumi Yanagita ◽  
Yuya Fujihara ◽  
Chikayo Iwaya ◽  
Yuichi Kitajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Relatively low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and high cortisol/DHEA ratio have been suggested to be associated with frailty, evaluated using a physical scale. However, the significance of these two hormones for frailty in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been assessed using a wider range of measures of frailty, including physical, mental, and social indices. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the significance of these two hormones for frailty in elderly T2DM patients (n=148; ≥65 years), using a broad assessment, the clinical frailty scale, and to reevaluate the risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients. We compared parameters between the non-frail and frail groups using the unpaired t and Mann-Whitney U tests. The Jonckheere-Therpstra test was used to identify relationships with the severity of frailty and risk factors were identified using binary regression analysis. Results: Simple regression analysis identified a number of significant risk factors for frailty, including DHEAS <70 µg/dL and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio ≥0.2. Multiple regression analysis showed that low albumin (<4.0 g/dl) (odds ratio [OR]=5.79, p <0.001), low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity (<25 IU/L) (OR=4.34, p =0.009), and low body mass (BM) (<53 kg) (OR=3.85, p =0.012) were independent risk factors for frailty. A significant decrease in DHEA-S and a significant increase in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio occurred alongside increases in the severity of frailty. DHEA-S concentration positively correlated with both serum albumin and BM. Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia, low AST, and low BM are independent risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients, strongly implying relative malnutrition in these frail patients. DHEA-S may be important for the maintenance of liver function and BM. A decrease in DHEA-S and an increase in the cortisol/DHEAS ratio may be involved in the mechanism of the effect of malnutrition in elderly T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection in Calves among Small-Holder Dairy and Traditional Herds in Tanzania

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel S. Swai ◽  
Luuk Schoonman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
House Floor ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of cryptosporidiosis in bovine from two contrasting production system in and around Tanga municipality between May 2003 and January 2004. The study populations comprised 117 calves aged ≤3 months, randomly selected from 44 smallholders dairy and traditional managed herds, respectively. Individual calf and herd-level information was collected using a structured questionnaire and feacal samples were screened forCryptosporidiumspp oocysts using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen method. Overall, 35% of the calves in the study were sheddingCryptosporidiumspp oocysts, with at least one positive calf detected in 54.5% of herds. Independent risk factors for cryptosporidiosis were: age ≥1 to ≤2 months and level of cleanness of calf house floor categorized as dirty (). Similarly an increases risk ofCryptosporidiumspp infection was found in calves from smallholder dairy units compared to traditional herds (). The finding highlights thatCryptosporidiumspp is prevalent among calves in the area under study. The high prevalence of cryptosporidiosis detected in this study suggests that it may have a significant impact on livestock industry and that the close interaction between cattle and human may play a role in zoonotic transmission to humans.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Quzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zian Cheng ◽  
Xianchen Jiang ◽  
Weifen Zhu ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Xiaofang Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
High Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives To assess the prevalence and risk factors for fundus status among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using fundus screening in four towns of Quzhou city, Zhejiang province of China. Methods This cross-sectional study included 230 T2DM patients of four towns in Quzhou city, Zhejiang province of China. Participants were examined for the diabetes related fundus abnormalities and possible risk factors. Results Almost half of the T2DM patients (53.04%) reported with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Patients with diabetic retinopathy had longer duration of diabetes (P < 0.001) and higher HbA1c (P < 0.01). Risk factors for development of diabetic retinopathy included duration of diabetes and HbA1c. The prevalence of DR increased with the prolongation of the disease duration. The prevalence of DR was 28.79% in the group of disease duration < 5 years, 46.25% in the group of disease duration 5–10 years, 72.92% in the group of disease duration 10–15 years and 88.57% in the group of disease duration ≥ 15 years. What’s more, the prevalence of DR also increased with the increment of HbA1c levels. The prevalence of DR was 44.62% in the group of HbA1c < 7%, 53.13% in the group of HbA1c 7%-8%, 62.92% in the group of HbA1c ≥ 8%. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was disturbingly high. Risk factors for DR were similar to other studies and included duration of diabetes and HbA1c. Thus, good glycemic control remains the core foundation of managing DR.

scholarly journals A predict model to evaluate the HbeAg-positive of Chronic Hepatitis B in clinic: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Zheng ◽  
Yunfeng Zhu ◽  
Li Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Predict Model

Abstract Background: The previous studies showed the correlation between HBsAg and serum HBV DNA levels were weak or missing. Objective：The study aims to investigate the correlation between HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, and to find an alternative tool to evaluate the HBV DNA level for clinicians. Methods: We enrolled 1020 patients in this cross-sectional study. We divided the patients into four groups as: HBeAg positivity and negativity groups, high and low HBV DNA levels groups. Further, as to the levels of HBV DNA, we performed subgroups’ in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative groups. Results: Results showed that the ALT, ALB and HBeAg are independent factors to estimate the serum HBV DNA in CHB patients. When the level of HBeAg is higher than 16.15 S/CO, predicting the patient with high levels of HBV DNA and 4 folds to have the high levels of HBV DNA than the HBeAg-negativ. The levels of ALT and TB are the independent risk factors in HBeAg-negative group. Conclusion: HBeAg is an independent factor that reflects the levels of serum HBV DNA with a strong correlation, and we draw a predict model to evaluate the HBV DNA levels as: Y1 (high HBV DNA levels) = 1.412 × (1 for HBeAg-positive >16.15 S/CO or 0 for others) + 0.004 × (1 for ALT > 42.5 U/L or 0 for others) −0.029 × (1 for ALB > 25.5 g/L or 0 for others) + 0.779. For the patients with HBeAg(-), we should evaluate by the levels of ALT and TB, and the predict model is:Y2 (low levels of HBV DNA) = 0.385 − 0.005 × (1 for ALT > 36.5 IU/L or 0 for others) − 0.006 × (1 for TB > 11.15 umol/L or 0 for others).

scholarly journals TB-diabetes comorbidity and associated factors in Maekel Zone, Eritrea: A cross sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenawi Zeramariam Araia ◽  
Araia Berhane Mesfin ◽  
Amanuel Hadgu Mebrahtu ◽  
Adiam Ghebreyohanns Tewelde ◽  
Randa Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Eritrea. TB-DM comorbidity is known to complicate TB care, control and prevention. However, systematically studied epidemiological data on TB-DM comorbidity and its associated risk factors is lacking in this country. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DM and its associated factors among TB patients in Maekel region, Eritrea.Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in eleven TB diagnostic and treatment sites. Pretested data extraction tool was used to collect data from medical records. Prevalence data was analysed using frequencies, proportions and median. To determine DM risk factors, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done with 95%CI and p value < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Out of total eligible (1,134) TB cases, DM prevalence was 9.88%. Age and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for DM among TB patients. Higher odds of DM was found among TB patients aged 45-54 (aOR: 4.85[1.39-16.94], p= 0.013) and those ≥ 55 (aOR: 6.99[2.12-23.04], p= 0.001). TB cases with normal BMI were two times more likely to have DM (aOR: 2.00[1.23-3.26], p= 0.005) compared to those underweight. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM among TB cases observed in this study is high, a clarion call to scale up current efforts to integrate TB-DM services within routine care. Furthermore, age and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for DM in TB cases, pointing to the need to pay attention to age and BMI status when managing this co-morbidityKey words: TB-DM prevalence, transient hyperglycaemia, fasting blood glucose, pre-diabetes, Eritrea.

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