scholarly journals Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in India: implications for treatment and prevention

Sexual Health ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Madhivanan ◽  
Melissa T. Bartman ◽  
Lauren Pasutti ◽  
Karl Krupp ◽  
Anjali Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection (STI) worldwide. The present study describes the burden and correlates of T. vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in Mysore, India. Methods: Between November 2005 and March 2006, sexually active women aged 15–30 years were recruited from low-income peri-urban and rural neighbourhoods of Mysore, India. Participants were interviewed and offered a physical examination and testing for T. vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, Neisseria gonorrheoea and herpes simplex virus type-2 antibodies. Results: Of the 898 participating women, 76 had a T. vaginalis infection (8.5%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 6.7–10.5%). Nearly all (98%) participants were married and most reported their spouse as their main sex partner. The mean age at marriage was 16.9 years (s.d. 2.9 years) and two-thirds of the sample reported having first sexual intercourse before the age of 19 years. Risk factors independently associated with T. vaginalis infection included early age at first intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.09; 95% CI: 1.09–4.00), concurrent bacterial vaginosis (OR 8.21; 95% CI: 4.30–15.66), vaginal candidiasis (OR 2.40; 95% CI: 1.48–3.89) and herpes simplex virus type-2 infection (OR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.97–6.02). Conclusion: The burden of T. vaginalis infection at 8.5% is relatively high among a community sample of young reproductive aged women. Because this infection increases the risk of HIV transmission and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, there is a need for increased screening and treatment of this easily curable sexually transmissible infection in India.

scholarly journals Incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in young reproductive age women in Mysore, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Madhivanan ◽  
Yea-Hung Chen ◽  
Karl Krupp ◽  
Anjali Arun ◽  
JeffreyD Klausner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals The Level of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Count among Reproductive Age Women Coinfected with Human Immune Virus, Hepatitis Surface Antigen and Herpes Simplex Virus in Kogi State, Nigeria

Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1449-1458
Author(s):  
Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo ◽  
Francis Enifo Oronsaye ◽  
Uteno Itanyi Drisu ◽  
Margaret Oyarazi Adebowale ◽  
Ojo Moses Oke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Virus Hepatitis ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 IgM among Women of Reproductive Age in Zaria, and Demonstration of its Cytopathogenicity in Whole Egg

2020 ◽  
pp. 3799-3808
Author(s):  
Ameh E.R. ◽  
Aminu M. ◽  
Ella E. E
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Genital Herpes ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Genital Area ◽  
Simplex Virus

Egg culture has long been considered the diagnostic gold standard for Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV- 2) and would serve as complementary to Immunoglobulin M determination to establish acute infection in a given population. The study determined the prevalence of HSV-2 IgM and the cytopathology of the virus isolated from women of reproductive age in Zaria. The study recruited 450 consenting women attending selected hospitals from which blood and cervical swab samples were obtained. Sera were analysed for HSV-2 IgM while suspension from swabs were inoculated into 12 days old embryonated chicken eggs. A total of 330 (73.3%) women screened tested positive for HSV-2 IgM and 79 (23.94) out of 330 IgM positive samples produced cytopathic effect. The highest prevalence of 88.7% (133/150) was recorded among women recruited from St. Lukes Anglican hospital, while those attending Gambo Sawaba General Hospital-Kofan Gaya, had the lowest prevalence of 50%. Furthermore, women in age group of 16-20 years, were most infected with a prevalence of 83.5% while those aged 45years and above had the lowest prevalence of 50%. Women who had more than one sexual partner, those that did not use protection during sex and women that were pregnant had higher prevalence of 88.5%, 74.9% and 77.6% respectively and were more at risk, as compared with those with single partner (69.2%), who used protection (61.5%) and that were not pregnant (71.3%). About 22.4% (101) of the women reported to have heard about HSV-2 while 349 (77.6%) were not aware of the virus prior to this study. The symptoms found to be significantly associated with the virus were blisters/ulcers on genital area (p=0.000; OR=3.000) and dysuria (p=0.006; OR=0.504). Fever (OR=1.659), vaginal discharge (OR=1.867) and itching/burning sensation on genital area (OR=1.431) were other symptoms associated with the virus. The study demonstrated a high prevalence of HSV-2 among the women, indicating that, genital herpes is highly endemic in the study area. In addition, a substantial number of the women lacked knowledge of genital herpes and were actively harbouring the virus.

scholarly journals Sexual behavioural correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2 infections among pregnant women in South-western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinenye G. Anaedobe ◽  
Tinuade A. Ajani
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Simplex Virus

Background: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the most common cause of genital ulcer disease. It leads to lifelong latent infection and this raises concerns among women of reproductive age, considering the risk of neonatal transmission. This study was undertaken to identify the sexual behavioural correlates of HSV-2 infection as well as negative pregnancy outcomes.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2013, in the antenatal clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan. A total of 270 pregnant women aged 20 to 44 years were enrolled and their serum samples were tested for HSV-2 IgG using type specific third generation ELISA (DIAPRO Milano Italy). Pretested validated questionnaire were used to obtain bio-data, sexual behaviour and obstetrics history of the participants. Data analyses was done using SPSS version 20.Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-2 type specific IgG was 33.3% (90/270). Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple lifetime sexual partners, early age at sexual debut, previous history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and having spouses whose work keep them away from home, were independent risk factors for HSV-2 infection. Obstetrics complications such as intrauterine foetal death, congenital malformations and spontaneous abortion were also strongly associated.Conclusions: The predictors of HSV-2 infection in this study may be important in selecting candidates for screening tests and developing strategies towards effective health promotion campaign.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document