Fungi anamorphici in Australasia

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric H. C. McKenzie ◽  
Eric H. C. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
The Pacific

Fungi are everywhere but mycologists are not and the fungi anamorphici, which includes hyphomycetes and coelomycetes, is an under-studied group in Australasia. It is the second largest group of fungi and its members play an important role in nutrient cycling. Plant pathogenic species are the best-documented and fungi anamorphici feature prominently in lists of plant diseases for Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. The few resident mycologists specialising in taxonomy and systematics of fungi anamorphici have made major advances in the study of plant pathogens (e.g. Bipolaris, Fusarium) and those of industrial importance (e.g. Penicillium). Visiting mycologists who have made significant collections of Australasian fungi anamorphici include B. C. Sutton in Australia, S. J. Hughes in New Zealand and T. Matsushima in Australia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. A census of fungi anamorphici is being prepared forFungi of Australia and a database of all species recorded from New Zealand is being compiled. Australasian studies of fungi anamorphici in freshwater and marine environments and those associated with arthropods are discussed. Rainforests and numerous other habitats in Australasia remain a vast storehouse of unknown fungi anamorphici—thousands of species yet to be collected, classified and described.

scholarly journals AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE PACIFIC: REFLECTIONS ON PEACEKEEPING IN THE SOLOMON ISLANDS AND PAPUA NEW GUINEA (BOUGAINVILLE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isiaka Alani Badmus
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Key Factor

This paper examined conflicts and regional security in the Pacific. The paper has as its focus the roles of Australia and New Zealand (and the Pacific Islands Forum) in managing security in the Pacific using Papua New Guinea (Bougainville) and the Solomon Islands as case studies. It documented their peacekeeping experiences, and interrogated whether these operations were successes or not and why. Furthermore, the author explored whether the peacekeeping experiences in the Pacific and lessons learnt from these operations might be applicable to, and/or be helpful in developing a useful peacekeeping model for other regions. The argument of this paper is that, although Australia and New Zealand regional security management role is based on security concerns of the region but the national interests of these dominant states are also at play and a key factor that shape the nature and direction of interventions. As well, the dynamics of these operations have revolved around interaction between and among local, regional and global political factors. The author argued that peacekeeping in the Pacific (especially in Bougainville and the Solomon Islands) may not offer an appropriate peacekeeping model in such-conflict ridden settings as Africa where armed violence are more complex, protracted and involve full-scale military actions as opposed to low-intensity and localised conflicts in the Pacific, but some of the peacekeeping lessons from the region may be helpful to other peace operations, especially Peacekeeping the 'Pacific Way'.     

Finding the Law in the Pacific Islands: Observations with Special Reference to Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward P. Wolfers
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
List Type ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Law

Law librarians whose work requires them to obtain and stock materials on the Pacific islands face some problems which seem worthy of special comment. These problems are essentially of two kinds—problems which are inherent in the nature of Pacific islands legal systems; andproblems involved in obtaining relevant information.

scholarly journals Peace and war journalism in the New Zealand media: Reporting on ‘the arc of instability’ in the Pacific

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Heather Devere ◽  
Courtney Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
War Journalism ◽  
Peace Journalism

The Fourth Estate role of the media in a democracy is to inform its citizens and to be a forum for debate about political issues so that the citizenry is able to make informed decisions about the role its government plays. New Zealand portrays itself as a leading democracy in the Pacific, but how much do New Zealanders know about what is happening among the country’s neighbours? This article is an exploratory study on media coverage of four countries in Melanesia which have experienced conflict to assess the degree to which a peace/conflict journalism approach as opposed to a war/violence journalism approach is used. A content analysis of Radio New Zealand’s Morning Report programme was conducted between June and July 2012 to assess the reporting on the four Melanesian countries: Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. According to Pilger (2011) war journalism is reporting on what those in power say they do, whereas peace journalism is what those in power actually do. Lynch and McGoldrick (2005) state that peace journalism ‘is when editors and reporters make choices—of what stories to report and how to report them—that create opportunities for society at large to consider and value non-violent responses to conflict’ (p. 5). The framing of New Zealand media reporting as either war journalism or peace journalism will be an indication of how information about conflict in Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu is presented to a New Zealand audience.

scholarly journals Industrial Relations and Trade Unions in the South Pacific: Introduction

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Leckie
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The South ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
The Pacific

While recently on the island of Pohnpei in the South Pacific, I made enquires about labour relations there and was repeatedly infoxmed that there are none! The same answer might be given for several of the island states within the South Pacific but this would overlook that even if formal industrial relations Channels are weakly established, employment and labour relations issues are by no means absent from the Pacific Islands. This special issue developed from a perceived lack of analysis and infotmation about the background of and current trends in labour relations in the South Pacific. The countries represented here are selective. This reflects the selectivity of research in the Pacific, particularly in the field of industrial relations. The nations chosen are of special relevance to New Zealand and Australia and those with the most developed industrial relations structures (Fiji, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands) are included. Papua New Guinea and Fiji also have the biggest workforces in the region. In contrast, industrial Jielations in a small micro-state, Kiribati, are also analysed. It is regrettable that only one Polynesian country, Western Samoa, is discussed but this reflects the restricted role or absence (e.g., in Tonga) of fotrnal industrial relations in much of Polynesia. The papers also have not generally tackled their subjects from an employers' perspective, again an area of resean;h which has been virtually ignored in the South Pacific.

scholarly journals Human Rights and the WTO: Issues for the Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Impact

In the Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tonga are World Trade Organization members.  This article examines the human rights concerns regarding the WTO, in particular the impact of WTO rules regarding trade liberalisation on poverty and development within developing states.  The author comments on the costs of conditional WTO membership and the possible consequences of free trade and globalisation in the Pacific region.

Taxonomy of the fern genus Didymochlaena (Didymochlaenaceae) from Asia and Pacific islands based on morphological and molecular evidence with the description of four new species and one new status

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 479 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
HUI SHANG ◽  
ZHEN-LONG LIANG ◽  
LI-BING ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The Pacific

A taxonomic revision of Didymochlaena (Didymochlaenaceae) from Asia and the Pacific region is conducted based on morphological and molecular evidence. Seven species are recognized, of which four are described as new and a new status is raised to a species from a variety. These four new species include D. fijiensis from Fiji, D. philippensis from the Philippines, D. punctata from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, and D. solomonensis from the Solomon Islands. The new status is D. oceanica from Papua New Guinea. Six of the seven species have all been erroneously treated as D. truncatula by earlier pteridologists. A key to the species is provided and descriptions of all species are given.

XII Middle East, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-227
Author(s):  
Paul Bailey ◽  
James Grayson ◽  
Michael Sturma ◽  
Peter Lineham
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Middle East ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
The Pacific

Hypsipyla robusta. [Distribution map].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Hypsipyla Robusta ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hypsipyla robusta (Moore) (Lep., -Pyrandae) (Toon shoot-and fruit-borer). Host Plants: Cedrella, Khaya, Toona. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Andaman Is, Burma, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sikkim, Singapore, Sri Lanka, AFRICA, Ghana, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda, AUSTRALASIA, and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.

Cochliobolus eragrostidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus eragrostidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Agave, Allium, Alysicarpus, Amorphophallus, Anacardium, Arachis, Areca, Billbergia, Calamus, Callitris, Calotropis, Camellia, Cananga, Capsicum, Citrullus, Citrus, Clerodendron, Cocos, Coffea, Colocasia, Cymbopogon, Dendrobium, Digitaria, Dioscorea, Dracaena, Durio, Elaeis, Eragrostis, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Furcraea, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gossypium, Heliconia, Hevea, Hystrix, Ipomoea, Kaempferia, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Manihot, Mystroxylon, Musa, Neyraudia, Oldenlandia, Opuntia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Pentas, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Pinus, Polygala, Pueraria, Raphia, Raphanus, Rhodomyrtus, Rhoeo, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Spinacia, Sporobolus, Stylosanthes, Theobroma, Thrasya, Tradescantia, Trichosanthes, Triplochiton, Triticum, Vanda, Vigna, Zea, Zingiber and soil. DISEASE: Leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Burma, Colombia, Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Trinidad, USA, Zambia, Zaire. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia.

scholarly journals Motivations for Smoking Cessation and the Impact of Regulatory Tax Increases Amongst Fathers within the Pacific Islands Families Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Shadan Tautolo ◽  
Leon Iusitini ◽  
Steve Taylor ◽  
Janis Paterson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
High Smoking Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To examine the prevalence of smoking, motivations for cessation, and impact of tobacco excise tax increases amongst a cohort of Pacific fathers at 11 years after the birth of their child.Methods: Within the context of broader interviews, 723 Pacific fathers participating in the Pacific Islands Families (PIF) Study were surveyed about their smoking at the 11-year measurement point. Prevalence of smoking was calculated, alongside motivations to quit, and the impact of increases to the excise tax on tobacco.Results: Smoking prevalence amongst Pacific fathers remains high (38%) at 11 years postpartum, although 81% of smokers disclosed interest in quitting smoking. The strongest motivation to quit smoking was their ‘own health’ (n = 185, 82%), followed by ‘the cost’ (n = 148, 66%), and the impact on ‘their child's health’ (n = 113, 50%). Among smokers, 12% (n = 31) had never attempted to quit, whereas 63% (n = 159) had made multiple attempts. Approximately 70% (n = 191) of smokers indicated the New Zealand Government-initiated tobacco excise tax increases caused them to reduce their tobacco consumption.Conclusions: High smoking prevalence amongst this cohort raises serious concerns about the risks Pacific families and communities face from smoking. Maintaining a sustained series of tobacco excise tax increases, alongside the utilisation of information on key motivators for Pacific fathers to quit smoking, may prove more effective in supporting Pacific communities to achieve the New Zealand Government's Smokefree 2025 goal.

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