Morphological variation in the mangrove genus Avicennia in Australasia: Systematic and ecological considerations*

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
NC Duke
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves

Morphological variation in flowers, fruit and leaves of five Australasian species of Avicennia was assessed using multivariate techniques. Groupings based on 184 herbarium specimens gathered throughout the region showed no intermediates or potential hybrids between species, A. alba, A. integra, A. rumphiana (= A. lanata), A. marina (= A. eucalyptifolia; = A. balanophora) and A. officinalis. The most common and systematically troublesome species, A. marina, was considered further in a regional litter fall survey of 25 Australian sites, and in a detailed field study of eight locations within one estuary. In both studies, morphological variation correlated with environmental factors including air temperature, rainfall, intertidal position and upriver location. Major differences were also observed within individuals, as shown in sun and shade leaves. These observations suggested that many attributes, especially of leaves, were influenced by environmental factors, demonstrating their unsuitability in earlier systematic treatments. Other attributes reflecting putative subspecific genetic variation, included bark character, extent of pubescence on calyx lobes, and stigma position in relation to anthers. These characterise three groupings of A. marina sites, related to major biogeographic zones within this region: southeastern Australia and New Zealand; northern and north-eastern Australia and southern Papua New Guinea; and south-western Australia.* Aust. Inst. Marine Sci. Contrib. No. 489.

scholarly journals Morphological variation in Leptorhynchos squamatus (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Flann ◽  
Pauline Y. Ladiges ◽  
Neville G. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Low Altitude

A study of morphological variation in Leptorhynchos squamatus (Labill.) Less. across its range in south-eastern Australia was undertaken to test the hypothesis that L. squamatus includes two taxa. Phenetic pattern analyses of both field-collected and herbarium specimens on the basis of morphology confirmed two major groups. Bract, cypsela, pappus bristle and leaf characters were particularly important in separating the two groups. The taxa are separated by altitude differences with one being a low-altitude plant found in many habitats and the other being a high-altitude taxon that is a major component of alpine meadows. Lowland plants have dark bract tips, fewer and wider pappus bristles than alpine plants, papillae on the cypselas and more linear leaves. A somewhat intermediate population from the Major Mitchell Plateau in the Grampians shows some alpine and some lowland characters but is included in the lowland taxon. Seeds from five populations (two alpine, two lowland and Major Mitchell) were germinated and plants grown for 18 weeks under four controlled sets of environmental conditions. The experiment showed that leaf size and some other characters are affected by environmental conditions, but that there are underlying genetic differences between the lowland and alpine forms. Leptorhynchos squamatus subsp. alpinus Flann is described here to accommodate the highland taxon.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic induction and activity of enzymes related to carbon metabolism: insights into the varying net photosynthesis rates of coffee sun and shade leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Cordeiro Vitor Martins ◽  
Kelly Coutinho Detmann ◽  
Josimar Vieira dos Reis ◽  
Lucas Felisberto Pereira ◽  
Lílian Maria Vincis Pereira Sanglard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Photosynthetic Induction ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves

Photochemical responses to light in sun and shade leaves of Theobroma cacao L. (West African Amelonado)

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 109747
Author(s):  
Adrian M. Lennon ◽  
Vernessa R. Lewis ◽  
Aidan D. Farrell ◽  
Pathmanathan Umaharan
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
West African ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO DIRECT SUNLIGHT UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEAF STRUCTURE OF TWO DECIDUOUS SHRUB SPECIES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. H. Cormack ◽  
Anne L. Gorham
Keyword(s):  
Ground Cover ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Deep Shade ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Palisade Cells ◽  
Shade Leaves

The present anatomical study of sun and shade leaves of two shrub species Menziesia glabella and Lonicera glaucescens is an outgrowth of interest in the response of ground cover plants to increased sunlight as the result of logging operations. Leaves of both shrub species developed on plants fully exposed to the sun are smaller, thicker, more compact, with longer palisade cells, less spongy mesophyll, and thicker cuticle than comparable leaves from plants growing normally in deep shade. Evidence is given for the views that (1) differences in leaf expression are not predetermined by the environment of the bud during its formation the previous season, and (2) structural modifications that result when typical shade buds are suddenly exposed to full sunlight are merely an indication of the plasticity of leaves to light.

scholarly journals Sun and shade leaves of Olea europaea respond differently to plant size, light availability and genetic variation

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. de Casas ◽  
Pablo Vargas ◽  
Esther Pérez-Corona ◽  
Esteban Manrique ◽  
Carlos García-Verdugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Interspecific covariation between stomatal density and other functional leaf traits in a local flora

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessy Loranger ◽  
Bill Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves

Despite the importance of stomata in leaf functioning, and despite the recent interest in interspecific leaf trait covariation in functional ecology, little is known about how stomatal density relates to other leaf traits in a broad interspecific context. This is especially important because stomatal density has been widely used to deduce temporal variation in atmospheric CO2 concentrations [CO2atm] from fossilized or herbarium leaves. We therefore measured stomatal density, specific leaf area (SLA) and its components, leaf thickness, and leaf chlorophyll content in both sun and shade leaves of 169 individuals from 52 angiosperm species in southwestern Quebec. Using mixed models, we show that stomatal density decreases allometrically with increasing SLA and chlorophyll content, and increases allometrically with increasing lamina thickness. The sun–shade contrast changes the intercepts, but not the slopes, of these relationships. It is important to take into consideration these relations when correlating stomatal density with [CO2], to avoid spurious interpretations.

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